Coverage for Quiz No.

By

Fernando Ma. D. Nolasco

Hydrometeorological
Hazards
LAND & SEA BREEZES
6th Grade Science

Land and Sea Breezes

 WIND
• Wind is the horizontal
movement of air from an
area of high pressure to
lower pressure.
WIND

• It is caused by:
– 1.Differences in temperature.
– 2.Differences in pressure.
 DIFFERENCES IN TEMPERATURE

• 1. Warm air rises.

– Warming air make the
molecules move faster and
spread out.
– This makes the air less
dense.
– Less dense air is light and
will rise.
 Differences in Temperature
• 2. Cold air sinks.
– Cooling air makes the
molecules move slower
and group together.
– This makes the air more
dense.
– More dense air will sink.
Balloon
 DIFFERENCES IN PRESSURE
• 1. Rising air creates Low pressure.
– If air is lifted up, that means there is Less air
pushing down on Earth.

• 2. Sinking air creates High pressure.

– If air is sinking, then air is pushing down on the
surface of Earth with a High amount of pressure.
 The Creation of Wind
• 1. Differences in temperature cause air to rise and
sink all over Earth’s surface.

• 2. Rising and sinking air creates high and low

pressure.

• 3. The atmosphere does NOT like UNBALANCED

PRESSURE SOOOO…

• IT TRIES TO EQUAL OUT PRESSURE BY MOVING AIR

FROM HIGH TO LOW PRESSURE.
 Winds are created by …
• 1. Heating the air, decreases pressure (warm air rises creating a low
pressure area).

• 2. Cool air rushes in to replace the warm air (cooler, denser, air
produces high pressure).

• 3. As air goes from high pressure to low pressure, winds form.

• 4. Wind is a horizontal movement of air.

• 5.There are 2 types of winds: local & global.

SEA BREEZE… Air moves from the sea
during the day.
Land BREEZE… air moves from the
land at night.
Convection
Convection is the main way the atmosphere is heated.

Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom

 Land & Sea Breezes
u-tube
• http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/
griffinv3-269366-land-sea-breezes-earth-heati
ng-20and-20sea-20breezes-jh-education-ppt-p
owerpoint/
 Heating the Air
Heating the air
makes the
molecules move
faster and spread
out

This makes the air

less dense which
causes it to rise.
 Cooling Air
Cooling the air
makes the
molecules move
slower and group
together.

This makes the air

more dense which
causes it to sink.
If air is lifted up, If air sinks, there is
there is LESS air MORE air pressing
pressing down on down on the earth.
the earth.
Sinking air creates
Rising air creates a region of HIGH
a region of LOW PRESSURE.
PRESSURE.
 During the Day…
• Which heats up faster, the land or the sea?
• Which is warmer, the land or the sea?
• Where does the air rise faster over, the land or the
sea?
• Where are the high pressure and low pressure areas
found – over the land or sea?
• In what direction does the wind blow: towards the land
or towards the sea?
• What do you call this wind: land breeze or sea breeze?
 During the Night…
• Which cools down faster, the land or the sea?
• Which is hotter, the land or the sea?
• Where does the air rise faster over, the land or the
sea?
• Where are the high pressure and low pressure areas
found – over the land or sea?
• In what direction does the wind blow: towards the land
or towards the sea?
• What do you call this wind: land breeze or sea breeze?
During the day, the land heats up faster than
the sea; the land is warmer.
The warm air over the land expands; the air
molecules spread apart ; the air becomes less
dense and rises.
The rising air means there is less air over the
land, creating a low pressure area (LPA)
The air over the sea is cooler; the air molecules
are closer together and the air is more dense.
Air molecules are closer together over the sea,
creating a high pressure area (HPA).
There is a LPA over the land and a HPA over
the sea; the resulting sea breeze blows
from sea to land.
A body which heats up faster also
cools down faster; a body which
heats up slowly also cools slowly.
During the night, the sea cools down more
slowly than the land; the sea is warmer.
The warm air over the sea expands; the air
molecules rise and spread apart ; the air
becomes less dense.
The rising air means there is less air over the
sea, creating a low pressure area (LPA)
The air over the land is cooler; the air molecules
are closer together and the air is more dense.
Air molecules are closer together over the land,
creating a high pressure area (HPA).
There is a HPA over the sea and a LPA over
the land; the resulting land breeze blows
from land to sea.
There is a HPA over the land and a LPA over
the sea; the resulting land breeze blows
from land to sea.
• Define monsoons.
Southwest monsoon

Known locally as
“habagat”

Winds bring warm,

moist air from June
to September
 Northeast monsoon
Known locally
as “amihan”

Wind brings
cold, dry air
from
November to
March
 Formation of
Tropical Cyclones
 Formation of A Cyclone
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKL9NIxL
IIE
Ocean temperature
at least 26o C
Warm, moist air is drawn into the center and spirals
upward.
Winds spiral outward at the top of the column.
 Warm, moist-laden air condenses into clouds, giving off
heat which travels down to the ocean to evaporate more
water and continue the cycle.
 A typhoon continues to gain strength as long as it
is over the ocean where there is a steady supply of
moisture; it begins to lose strength as soon as it
passes over land and mountains.
Alternating rainbands
Eye – calm clear sky
with low pressure
Winds get stronger as you approach the eyewall
Strong surface winds increase sea level in the center
of the cyclone, creating a storm surge or “daluyong”
 Do the Due
Read pp. 82 – 84 of your book.

What are the classifications of a tropical

cyclone based its wind speed? See p. 82

Write the answers in your notebook.

 Do the Due
Read pp. 83 of your book.

Describe PAG-ASA’s system of rainfall

alerts

• Yellow rainfall alert

• Orange rainfall alert
• Red rainfall alert
 YELLOW
The “Yellow” signal remains as the most
basic level. It means that there is heavy
rain — or 7.5 to 15 mm of rain has been
observed in the past hour and is expected
to continue at this level.
Flooding is possible that’s why people must
MONITOR weather conditions and listen to
weather updates in order to be constantly
informed.
 ORANGE
The “Orange” signal means rain is intense,
or in technical terms, around 15 to 30 mm
of rain has been observed in the past hour
and is expected to continue at this level in
the next two hours.
People are advised to be ALERT for
possible evacuation because flood may be
a definite threat.
 RED
The “Red” signal constitutes an emergency.
Serious flooding is expected, especially in
low lying areas, because the amount of
rain has reached a critical level, that is,
more than 30 mm observed in the past
hour and expected to continue in the next
two hours.
People are advised to EVACUATE when the
“Red” signal is raised in their areas.
 Do the Due
Read pp. 84 – 85 of your book.

What are the different kinds of marine and

coastal processes and hazards?

Write the answers in your notebook.