Network Programming

with Java
G A N E S H PA I
A S S T. P R O F E S S O R G D I I I
D E PA RT M E N T O F C S E
N M A M I T, N I T T E
Textbook

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 2
Overview of topics
 Clients, Servers and Peers
 The Internet
 IP Addresses, Port numbers
 Sockets
 Internet Services, URLs and DNS
 TCP & UDP
 InetAddress class
 Using TCP Sockets
 Using UDP Sockets

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 3
Internet Services
 Click to edit Master text styles
 Second level
 Third level
◦ Fourth level
◦ Fifth level

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 4
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Format &
DNS
<protocol>://<hostname>[:<port>][/<pathname>] [/<filename>[#<section>]]

 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 5
TCP & UDP

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 6
 InetAddress class
 Available in java.net
 Handles Internet addresses as host names
and as IP addresses.
 Static method getByName() uses DNS
(Domain Name System) to return the
Internet address of a specified host name
as an InetAddress object.
 getByName() throws the checked exception
UnknownHostException if the host name is
not recognized
 InetAddress.getLocalHost() returns IP
address of current machine

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 7
 TCP Sockets - Steps
Setting up Server Socket
 1. Create a ServerSocket object.
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(1234);
 2. Put the server into a waiting state.
Socket link = serverSocket.accept();
 3. Set up input and output streams.
Scanner input = new Scanner(link.getInputStream());
PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(link.getOutputStream(),true);
 4. Send and receive data.
output.println("Awaiting data…");
String input = input.nextLine();
 5. Close the connection (after completion of the dialogue).
link.close();

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 8
TCP Sockets - Steps
Setting up Client Socket
 1. Establish a connection to the server
Socket link = new Socket(SERVER_IP, SERVER_PORT);
 2. Set up input and output streams
Scanner input = new Scanner(link.getInputStream());
PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(link.getOutputStream(),true);
 3. Send and receive data.
output.println("Awaiting data…");
String input = input.nextLine();
 4. Close the connection.
link.close();

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 9
UDP Sockets - Steps
Setting up Server Socket
 1. Create a DatagramSocket object
DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(1234);
 2. Create a buffer for incoming datagrams
byte[] buffer = new byte[256];
 3. Create a DatagramPacket object for the incoming datagrams
DatagramPacket inPacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
 4. Accept an incoming datagram.
datagramSocket.receive(inPacket);

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 10
UDP Sockets - Steps
 5. Accept the sender’s address and port from the packet.
InetAddress clientAddress = inPacket.getAddress();
int clientPort = inPacket.getPort();
 6. Retrieve the data from the buffer
String message = new String(inPacket.getData(), 0,inPacket.getLength());
 7. Create the response datagram.
DatagramPacket outPacket = new DatagramPacket(response.getBytes(), response.length(),
clientAddress, clientPort);
 8. Send the response datagram.
datagramSocket.send(outPacket);
 9. Close the DatagramSocket
datagramSocket.close();

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 11
UDP Sockets - Steps
Setting up Client Socket
 1. Create a DatagramSocket object
DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(1234);
 2. Create the outgoing datagram
DatagramPacket outPacket = new DatagramPacket(message.getBytes(), message.length(),
host, PORT);
 3. Send the datagram message
datagramSocket.send(outPacket);
 4. Create a buffer for incoming datagrams
byte[] buffer = new byte[256];

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 12
UDP Sockets - Steps
 5. Create a DatagramPacket object for the incoming datagrams
DatagramPacket inPacket = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length);
 6. Accept an incoming datagram.
datagramSocket.receive(inPacket);
 7. Retrieve the data from the buffer.
String response = new String(inPacket.getData(), 0, inPacket.getLength());
 8. Close the DatagramSocket.
datagramSocket.close();

Network Programming with Java GANESH PAI, DEPT. OF CSE, NMAMIT, NITTE 13