G1 Prep: Part 2

1. Rules of the Road

2. Road Signs – Regulatory
• Please ensure you are taking notes of the content

• The information being taught in today’s session includes the

rules of the road and regulatory signs which will be on the G1
written test!
RULES OF THE ROAD
 Sharing the Road
Ontario’s roads accommodate many road users, including
pedestrians, motorcycles, bicycles, large trucks, buses and
farm machinery. Be aware of other road users, the speed at
which they travel and the space they occupy on the road.
 REMEMBER!
Remember to watch out for
pedestrians at crosswalks, lights and
intersections! Bike lanes are also
often indicated on the road to leave
space for cyclists.
Failure to do so may result in a fine
and an additional TWO demerit
points on the driver's record 

*** When passing a cyclist, you must maintain a minimum distance of One Metre. ***
 There are TWO types of intersections:

1. Controlled intersections
Intersections 2. Uncontrolled intersections

• Most commonly, you will see

controlled intersections on the roads.
These are ones that have road signs to
dictate flow of traffic.
 • At a controlled intersection where you
face a green light, drive carefully
through the intersection at a steady
speed.
Controlled • If the light has been green for a while,
be prepared to stop when it turns
Intersection yellow.
• However, if you are already so close
with Lights that you cannot stop safely, drive
through the intersection with caution.
• Where you face a red light, come to a
complete stop and wait until the light
turns green.
 Controlled Intersection with Blocked
Traffic
When you approach an intersection on
a main road, and the intersection is
blocked with traffic, stop before
entering the intersection and wait until
the traffic ahead moves on.

This does not apply if you are turning

left or right

Why do you think this is important to do?

 Controlled
Intersections

Controlled
intersections have
traffic lights, yield
signs or stop signs to
control traffic.
Uncontrolled
Intersection
At an intersection without
signs or lights, you must
yield the right-of-way to a
vehicle approaching the
intersection before you,
and if you arrive at the
same time, the vehicle
approaching from the
right has the right-of-way.
 Intersection Safety
• Be alert as you come to intersections and look
carefully for pedestrians, cyclists, other motor
vehicles, yield signs, stop signs and traffic
lights.
• Be sure to scan any sidewalks and paths/trails
as well as the roadways.
• Bear in mind that children are often unaware
of traffic laws and that cycling on the
sidewalk may be permitted by local bylaw.
 There are times when you must yield the
right-of-way. This means you must let
another driver go first. Here are some
rules about when you must yield the right-
of-way.
 Yielding the Right-of-Way
At an intersection without
signs or lights, you must
yield the right-of-way to
a vehicle approaching the
intersection before you,
and if you arrive at the
same time, the vehicle
approaching from the
right has the right-of-
way.
 Yielding the Right-of-Way
At an intersection with stop
signs at all corners, you
must yield the right-of-way
to the first vehicle to come
to a complete stop. If two
vehicles stop at the same
time, the vehicle on the left
must yield to the vehicle
on the right.
Yielding the Right-of-Way
At any intersection where you want to turn left or right,
you must yield the right-of-way. If you are turning left,
you must wait for approaching traffic to pass or turn and
for pedestrians in or approaching your path to cross. If
you are turning right, you must wait for pedestrians to
cross if they are in or approaching your path
You should also check your blind spot for cyclists
approaching from behind, particularly in a bike lane to
your right, on a sidewalk or a trail.
A yield sign means you must slow down or stop if
necessary and yield the right-of-way to traffic in the
intersection or on the intersecting road.
 Yielding the Right-of-Way
When entering a road
from a private road or
driveway, you must
yield to vehicles on the
road and pedestrians on
the sidewalk.
 Yielding the Right-of-Way

You must yield the

right-of-way and wait
for pedestrians to
completely cross the
road at pedestrian
crossovers and school
crossings with crossing
guards.
Yielding the
Right-of-Way
Remember, signalling
does not give you the
right-of-way. You must
make sure the way is
clear!
 Stopping
Knowing how to stop safely and properly is an
important driving skill. Safe and responsible drivers
see stops ahead, check their mirrors, begin braking
early and stop smoothly.
 There are 3 Mandatory Situations
Where you MUST Stop and Make Sure
you are Driving Responsibly

Can anyone guess what they are?

HINT: Two are a type of ‘crossing’ and One is a vehicle.

 You Must Stop for all the
Following, and Make Sure
You are Driving Responsibly:

1. Railway Crossings – When

there is indication of a train
coming via bar or flashing
lights.
 You Must Stop for all the
Following, and Make Sure
You are Driving Responsibly:

2. School Crossings – Stop when a

school crossing guard has displayed a
stop sign, wait for everyone to clear
the road before proceeding again.
 You Must Stop for all the
Following, and Make Sure
You are Driving Responsibly:

3. School Buses – You must always stop

for a school bus on an undivided road.
That means whether you’re behind or
approaching in the opposite direction you
must stop.
 Stopping
• Braking is easier when you sit properly. Use your
right foot for both brake and gas pedals so you won't
step on both pedals at the same time or activate your
brake lights unnecessarily. Press the brake pedal
firmly and evenly.

• It is illegal to fail to stop for a stopped school bus that

has its red lights flashing. If you don't stop, you can
be fined heavily and get six demerit points for a first
offence. In Ontario, school bus drivers and other
witnesses can report vehicles that have illegally
passed a school bus. If you are the vehicle’s registered
owner, these fines, but not demerit points or jail time,
may be applied to you.
Changing Directions
Knowing how to do a three-point turn is also
important when it comes to rules of the road.
The diagram illustrates how to properly take
one!
 • On narrow roads you need to make a three-point turn to
change directions. A three-point turn starts from the far-

How to
right side of the road. Make sure you do not make a three-
point turn on a curve in the road, on or near a railway
crossing or hilltop, or near a bridge or tunnel that blocks
Make a your view.

Three- • Signal for a left turn. When the way is clear in both
directions, move forward, turning the steering wheel

Point sharply left towards the curb on the far side of the road.
When you have reached the left side of the road, stop.
Shift the vehicle into reverse. Signal a right turn. After
Turn checking that the way is still clear, turn the steering wheel
sharply to the right, while backing up slowly to the other
side of the road. Stop. Shift to forward gear and check
traffic. When the way is clear, drive forward.
Changing Positions/
Lane Switching
• Changing lanes requires that you
properly signal and make sure you’re
able to make the move safely.
• You should always check your mirrors,
blind spot, and then gradually steer into
the new lane.
• Never change lanes without giving the
proper signal and looking to make sure
the move can be made safely.
 Steps for Making
a Lane Change
1. Check your mirrors for a space in traffic
where you can enter safely.
2. Check your blind spot by looking over your
shoulder in the direction of the lane change.
Be especially careful to check for bicycles
and other small vehicles. Signal that you want
to move left or right.
3. Check again to make sure the way is clear and
that no one is coming too fast from behind or
from two lanes over on a multi-lane road.
4. Steer gradually into the new lane. Do not slow
down, maintain the same speed or gently
increase it.
 Parking
Here are some general important rules
about parking:
1. Do not park within 3 m of a fire hydrant
2. Do not park within 9 m of an
intersection or within 15 m if it is
controlled by traffic lights
3. You should never open the door of your
parked vehicle without first making sure
you will not potentially endanger a
person or interfere with traffic!
 Basic Parking
Rules
1. Never park on the travelled part of a road. Drive off the road onto the
shoulder if you must stop for some reason.
2. Never park on a curve, hill or anywhere you do not have a clear view for
at least 125 metres in both directions.
3. Do not park where you will block a vehicle already parked or where you
will block a sidewalk, crosswalk, pedestrian crossing or road entrance.
4. Do not park within three metres of a fire hydrant, on or within 100 metres
of a bridge or within six metres of a public entrance to a hotel, theatre or
public hall when it is open to the public.
5. Do not park within nine metres of an intersection or within 15 metres if it
is controlled by traffic lights.
6. Do not park within 15 metres of the nearest rail of a level railway
crossing.
7. Do not park where you will get in the way of traffic or snow clearing.
8. Never open the door of your parked vehicle without first making sure that
you will not endanger any other person or vehicle or interfere with traffic.
Generally, a good practice is to open the driver’s door with your right
hand as this will force a shoulder check at the same time. Take extra
precautions to avoid opening a door in the path of cyclists, who often ride
close to parked cars (Diagram 2-50). When you must open a door next to
traffic, keep it open only long enough to load or unload passengers.
 Parallel Parking
Parallel parking means parking a vehicle with its wheels parallel and
next to the curb or side of the road.

Slowly and carefully reverse into the space,

turning the steering wheel fully toward the curb.

When you can see the outside rear corner of the

vehicle in front of your space, straighten your
wheels as you continue to reverse.

Turn the steering wheel fully toward the road to

bring your vehicle in line with the curb.

If your vehicle is not parallel to the curb, drive

forward to straighten.
 Parallel Parking Rules
• Park parallel to the curb on roads where parking is allowed, unless there are signs saying that vehicles
should be parked at an angle. Park on the right side of the road in the direction of traffic. Unless there are
signs saying otherwise, you can parallel park on both sides of a one-way road
• To parallel park on the right-hand side of the road, find a space that is about one and one-half times
longer than your vehicle. Check the traffic beside and behind and signal your wish to pull over and stop.
Drive alongside, or parallel to, the vehicle ahead of the empty space, leaving about a metre between the
vehicles. Stop when your rear bumper is in line with the other vehicle.

Follow these steps:

1. Slowly and carefully reverse into the space, turning the steering wheel fully toward the curb.
2. When you can see the outside rear corner of the vehicle in front of your space, straighten your wheels
as you continue to reverse.
3. Turn the steering wheel fully toward the road to bring your vehicle in line with the curb.
4. If your vehicle is not parallel to the curb, drive forward to straighten.
5. When you are properly parked, set the parking brake and move the gear selector into park, or shift
into first or reverse gear if your vehicle has a manual transmission.
6. Turn off the engine. Remember to remove the key from the ignition. Check traffic before opening
your door. Lock your vehicle.
 Hill Parking
• (a) When parking facing downhill, turn your
front wheels towards the curb or right shoulder.
• (b) When parking facing uphill with a curb turn
the steering wheel to the left, so the wheels are
turned towards the road
• (c) When facing uphill without a curb, turn the
wheels sharply to the right.

When parking on a hill, always set the PARKING

BRAKE and move the gear selector into park or shift
into first or reverse gear if your vehicle has a manual
transmission. Turn off the engine and remove the key.
Check for traffic before opening the door and
remember to lock your vehicle.
 Freeway Driving
Freeway driving (or most commonly known as expressway driving) – is a high-speed, multi-lane road.

It is important to remember that Class G1 drivers may only drive on freeways with a licensed
driving instructor - New drivers need to learn how to drive with other vehicles around them at low
speeds before trying freeway driving.

Entering a freeway is accomplished when you do the

following:
• Move along the entrance ramp, look ahead and
check your mirrors
• Accelerate properly in the acceleration lane, then
when safe signal and merge into traffic smoothly
 High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes
A High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane is a specially designed lane that is designated for use
What are HOV Lanes? by certain types of vehicles with a specified number of occupants.

• HOV Lanes are reserved for vehicles carrying at least: 2 people.

• HOV Lanes are always indicated on provincial expressways/highways

Benefits: HOV lanes benefit all drivers, not only those who carpool, in the following ways:

1. Improves highway infrastructure by moving more people in fewer cars

2. Reduces the number of vehicles on the road
3. Reduces overall emissions and improves air quality
 Dealing with Weather and Situations
Overdriving your headlights
• Doing this when your stopping distance is father than you can see with your headlights
This is dangerous to do
because…
• you may not give yourself enough room to make a safe stop
• Reflective road signs can mislead you as well, making you believe you can see farther than you really
can
 Dealing with Weather and Situations
Glare
• dazzling light that makes it hard for you to see and be aware what others around you are
doing. It can be a problem on both sunny and overcast days, depending on the angle of the
sun’s rays and your surroundings. Glare can also be a problem at night when you face
bright headlights or see them reflected in your rearview mirror.

How to help cut down glare at night:

• Use your low-beam headlights within 150 m of oncoming traffic
• Use your low-beam headlights within 60 m when following traffic
• On country roads, switch to low beams when you come to a curve or hilltop so
you can see oncoming headlights and won't blind oncoming drivers. If you
can't see any headlights, switch back to high beams.
Dealing with Weather and Situations
Fog
• a thin layer of cloud resting on the ground. Fog can reduce visibility for drivers,
resulting in difficult driving conditions.

The best thing to do is to avoid driving in fog:

• Check weather forecasts and if there is a fog warning, delay your trip until it clears.
• If that is not possible or you get caught driving in fog, there are several safe driving tips you
should follow. If visibility is decreasing rapidly, move off the road and into a safe parking
area to wait for the fog to lift.
 Do’s and Don'ts of Driving in Fog
Do:
• Slow down gradually and drive at a speed that suits the conditions.
• Make sure the full lighting system of your vehicle is turned on.
• Use your low-beam headlights. High beams reflect off the moisture droplets in the fog, making it harder to see.
• If you have fog lights on your vehicle, use them, in addition to your low beams.
• Be patient. Avoid passing, changing lanes and crossing traffic.
• Use pavement markings to help guide you. Use the right edge of the road as a guide, rather than the centre line.
• Increase your following distance. You will need extra distance to brake safely.
• Look and listen for any hazards that may be ahead.
• Reduce the distractions in your vehicle. For example, turn off the cell phone. Your full attention is required.
• Watch for any electronically operated warning signs.
• Keep looking as far ahead as possible.
• Keep your windows and mirrors clean. Use your defroster and wipers to maximize your vision.
• If the fog is too dense to continue, pull completely off the road and try to position your vehicle in a safe parking
area. Turn on your emergency flashers, in addition to keeping on your low-beam headlights.
 Do’s and Don'ts of Driving in Fog
Don’t:
• Don't stop on the travelled portion of the road. You could become the
first link in a chain-reaction collision.
• Don't speed up suddenly, even if the fog seems to be clearing. You
could find yourself suddenly back in fog.
• Don't speed up to pass a vehicle moving slowly or to get away from a
vehicle that is following too closely.
Dealing with Weather and Situations
Skid
• Your car can skid when one or more tires lose their grip with the road’s surface.
They often happen when the road is wet, icy or covered in snow, gravel or some
other loose material.
• Most skids result from: driving too fast for road conditions, hard braking and
overly aggressive turning or accelerating can cause your vehicle to skid and
possibly go out of control.
If your vehicle skids, do the following:

• Try not to panic, it is possible to maintain control of your vehicle

• Ease of the accelerator or brake
• Continue to steer in the direction you wish to go
• Once you regain control, you can brake as needed
 Road Signs
What is the Purpose of Road Signs?

Traffic signs give you important information about the law, warn you about
dangerous conditions and help you find your way
 Regulatory Signs
• These signs provide a direction that must be obeyed
• The shape are usually rectangular or square with a white or black
background and black, white or coloured letters

Green Circle Sign Red Circle Sign

You MAY or MUST do the activity shown inside The activity shown is NOT
the ring ALLOWED
 Examples of Regulatory Signs:
Green Circle

Official bicycle
You MAY park You MUST
route sign. You
in the area turn left Passing
MUST watch for
cyclists and be
between the when this permitted
signs during the sign is sign
prepared to share
times posted. present.
the road with them.
 Examples of Regulatory Signs:
Red Circle with Line

DO NOT You are NOT allowed to Do NOT park in the

enter this turn left at the area between the
road intersection, signs.
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

Do NOT stand in the Do NOT stop in the

are between the signs. Do NOT turn to
area between the
This means you’re not Do NOT drive go in the
signs. You are not
able to stop in this through the opposite
allowed to stop your
area except while intersection. direction – no U-
vehicle even for a
unloading or loading turn allowed.
moment in this area.
passengers.
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

This parking Do NOT

space is only for Do NOT turn right
No bicycles
vehicles turn left when facing
allowed on
displaying a during the a red light at
this road.
valid Accessible times shown. the
Parking Permit. intersection.
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

Indicates areas
where the Keep to
Do NOT community has Speed limit the right
pass on this identified that changes of the
road. there is a ahead. traffic
special risk to island.
pedestrians.
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

This sign is installed on Keep to the right Marks a zone

The spend limit in this
multi-lane highways with lane except when within school buses
zone is lower during
no centre median divider. passing on two- load or unload
school hours. You
It lets drivers know that lane sections passengers without
should follow the limit
both directions must stop where climbing or using the red
when the yellow lights
for a school bus. passing lanes are alternating lights
are flashing.
provided. and stop arm.
Regulatory Signs Continued…

This is a pedestrian These signs (above the

Traffic may crossover. Be road or on the pavement)
travel in one prepared to stop and tell drivers the direction
direction only. yield right-of-way to they must travel.
pedestrians. .
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

This sign reserves curb These signs mean lanes This sign on the back of
area for vehicles are only for specific transit buses means to
displaying a valid types of vehicles, either vehicles approaching a
Accessible Person all the time or during bus stopped at a Road forks to
Parking Permit picking certain hours. Different dedicated bus stop is to the right.
up and dropping off symbols are used for the yield to the bus, once the
passengers with different types of bus has signaled its
disabilities. vehicles. intent to return to the
 Regulatory Signs Continued…

High
Occupancy
Vehicle (HOV)
Signs Only public vehicles
such as buses, or Vehicles cannot
passenger vehicles change lanes into or
carrying a specified out of a high-
minimum number of occupancy vehicle
passengers, may use lane in this area.
this lane.
 Regulatory
Signs Quiz!!!!
Rules of the Road
Quiz!!!!
Which of the following
has the right-of-way
over all others at an
intersection when the
signal light is green?
Under which of the following conditions is it
dangerous and unlawful to make a U-turn?
 When getting
out of your car
on a busy
street, you
should open
your door
What must you do when the driver of another vehicle gives a
signal that he wants to overtake and pass your vehicle?
When driving
in heavy fog,
you should
use
At an intersection where there is a flashing
amber (yellow) traffic light, you must
 A school bus with
red signal lights
flashing is stopped
ahead of you.
What does the law
require you to do
when meeting or
overtaking the bus?
You are driving up to an intersection where there is no signal light or police officer. A
pedestrian is in the crosswalk on your side of the street. You should…
If you want to pass a motorcycle, you should…
When approaching an intersection, you notice the roadway beyond the
intersection is blocked with traffic. In this situation, you should…
When you are in
a roundabout…
 When lights
are required,
drivers must
use low-beam
headlights
 When passing a
cyclist, leave at
least ____ distance
between your
vehicle and the
cyclist.
Upon approaching a stop sign, a driver must…
Before moving your car from a
parked position, you should…
A flashing green light at an intersection, where turns
to the left and right are permitted, indicates…
When the traffic signal light facing you is red and you intend
to go straight through the intersection, what must you do?
Why is it necessary to look over your
shoulder when changing lanes?
If you are approaching an intersection and
the traffic lights are not working, you
should…
In order to get your vehicle out of a skid, you should…
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Upon approaching a yield sign, what does the
law require you to do?
Choose the correct statement from the following