NORMAL

DISTRIBUTION
OBJECTIVES:

•1.Define a normal random variable.

•2. Illustrate a normal random variable and
its characteristics.
•3. State and apply the concepts of empirical
rule of the distribution.
LET THE STUDENTS ANSWER THIS ITEMS TO SOLICIT PRIOR
KNOWLEDGE.
TRUE OR FALSE. WRITE TRUE IF THE GIVEN STATEMENT IS TRUE.
OTHERWISE,
WRITE FALSE.
•_________1. A normal random variable is a random variable X whose
distribution has the shape of a normal curve.
•_________2. The total area of the normal probability distribution is 100.
•_________3. All observations of any normal random variable X with the mean μ
and standard deviation σ to a new set of observations of another normal random
variable Z with mean μ = 0 and standard deviation σ = 1.
•_________4. The value of a probability is a number from 0 to 1.

• _________5. The area of a region between z = 0 and z = 2 is 0.4772.

1.What can you
say about the
figure?
2.What thing we
can associate
this figure
with?
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

is a probability distribution of continuous random variables.

It shows graphical representations of random variables
obtained through measurement like the height and weight of
the students, the percentile ranks or any data with infinite
values. It is used to describe the characteristics of populations
and help us visualize the inferences we make about the
population.
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

It also used to determine the probabilities and

percentile of the continuous random variables
in the distribution.
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

For example, your grades in Mathematics is

one of the scores in the distribution, you can
predict the location of that score in the
distribution and interpret it with regards to the
mean and standard deviation.
 THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

• is popularly known as a normal

curve.
 PROPERTIES OF NORMAL CURVE

• 1. The normal curve is bell-shaped.

• 2. The curve is symmetrical about its center. This
means that, if we draw a segment from the peak
of the curve down to the horizontal axis, the
segment divides the normal curve into two equal
parts or areas.
 PROPERTIES OF NORMAL CURVE

• 3. The mean, median, and mode coincide at the

center. This also means that in a normal
distribution, or a distribution described by a normal
curve, the mean, median, and mode are equal.
• 4. The width of the curve is determined by the
standard deviation of the distribution.
 PROPERTIES OF NORMAL CURVE

• 5. The tails of the curve are plotted in both directions

and flatten out indefinitely along the horizontal axis.
The tails are thus asymptotic to the baseline. A portion
of the graph that is asymptotic to a reference axis or
another graph is called an asymptote, always
approaching another but never touching it.
 PROPERTIES OF NORMAL CURVE

• 6. The total area under a normal curve is

1. This means that the normal curve
represents the probability, or the
proportion, or the percentage associated
with specific sets of measurement values.
• A normally distributed random variable with a mean μ
= 0 and standard deviation ơ = 1 is called a standard
normal variable. It is presented using standard normal
distribution where the center of the curve is zero, which
is mean and added one unit from the center to the right
and subtract one unit from the center to the left.
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
• The shape of a normal curve is based on the two
given parameters, the mean and the standard
deviation of the distribution. When comparing
two distributions each described by the normal
curve, the following are the three situations
based on the said parameters
WHEN THE MEANS ARE NOT EQUAL, BUT THE STANDARD
DEVIATIONS ARE EQUAL. (≠ ; ), THE CURVES HAVE A
SIMILAR SHAPE BUT CENTERED AT DIFFERENT
POINTS.
WHEN THE MEANS ARE EQUAL, BUT THE STANDARD
DEVIATIONS ARE NOT EQUAL. ( ;≠ ), THE CURVES ARE
CENTERED AT THE SAME POINT BUT THEY HAVE
DIFFERENT HEIGHT AND SPREADS
WHEN THE MEANS ARE DIFFERENT AND THE STANDARD DEVIATIONS
ARE ALSO DIFFERENT ( ;≠ ), THE CURVES ARE CENTERED AT
DIFFERENT POINTS AND
VARY IN SHAPES
EMPIRICAL RULE
• The empirical rule is better known as 68% - 95% - 99.70% rule.
This rule states that the data in the distribution lies within one
(1), two (2), and three (3) of the standard deviation from the
mean are approximately 68%, 95%, and 99.70%, respectively.
Since the area of a normal curve is equal to 1 or 100% as stated
on its characteristics, there are only a few data which is 0.30%
falls outside the 3-standard deviation from the mean.
FOR INSTANCE, THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRADES OF THE
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN STATISTICS AND
PROBABILITY FOR THE THIRD QUARTER IS SHOWN BELOW
USING THE EMPIRICAL RULE, YOU CAN SAY THAT THE
DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRADES OF THE SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ARE
DISTRIBUTED NORMALLY BECAUSE THE SHAPE OF THE
GRAPH IS BELL-SHAPED AND SYMMETRIC ABOUT ITS
MEAN, WHICH IS 87. THIS ALSO INDICATES THAT MOST OF
THE STUDENTS’ GRADES FALL CLOSE TO THE MEAN AND
FEWER OF THEM ARE FAR BELOW AND/OR ABOVE THE
MEAN IT CAN SUMMARIZE THE DISTRIBUTION IN THE
FOLLOWING PERCENTAGE:
• 68% of data lies within 1 standard deviation from the mean
have a grade of 83 to 91
•  95% of data lies within 2 standard deviations from the
mean have a grade of 79 to 95
•  99.70% of data lies within 3 standard deviations from the
mean have a grade of 83 to 9
THE SCORES OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN THEIR STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY QUARTERLY
EXAMINATION ARE NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED WITH A
MEAN OF 35 AND A STANDARD DEVIATION OF 5.

Answer the following questions:

a. What percent of the scores are between 30 to

40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the
distribution?
THE SCORES OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN THEIR STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY QUARTERLY
EXAMINATION ARE NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED WITH A
MEAN OF 35 AND A STANDARD DEVIATION OF 5.
THE SCORES OF THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN THEIR STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY QUARTERLY
EXAMINATION ARE NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED WITH A
MEAN OF 35 AND A STANDARD DEVIATION OF 5.

a. The scores 30 to 40 falls within the first standard deviation

from the mean. Therefore, the scores that fall between 30 and
40 is approximately 68% of
the distribution.

b. Since 95% of the distribution lies within 2 standard

deviations from the mean, then the scores corresponding to
this area of the distribution are scores from 25 up to 45.
• The district nurse of Candelaria East needs to measure
the BMI (Body Mass Index) of the Alternative Learning
System students. She found out that the heights of
male students are normally distributed with a mean of
160 cm and a standard deviation of 7 cm. Find the
percentage of male students whose height is within 153
cm to 174 cm.
B. TRUE OR FALSE. WRITE THE WORD TRUE IF THE
STATEMENT IS CORRECT AND FALSE IF THE STATEMENT IS
INCORRECT
_______1. The total area of the normal curve is 1.
_______2. Normal probability distribution is used to determine the probabilities
of a discrete random variable.
_______3. The mean, median and mode in a normal distribution have the same
value.
_______4. The distance of the number in the horizontal line or the x-axis
should always proportional.
_______5 The normal probability distribution has a mean μ = 1 and standard
deviation ơ = 0.
1. What is normal
distribution?
2. What is the empirical rule?
WHICH PART OF THE NORMAL CURVE IS EXTENDED
INDEFINITELY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS ALONG THE
HORIZONTAL AXIS, APPROACHING BUT NEVER TOUCHING IT?

A. center C. top
B. tail D. spread
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING RULES STATE THAT ALMOST ALL DATA FALL WITHIN THE
1, 2, AND 3 STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE MEAN WHEN THE POPULATION IS
NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED?

A. Empirical rule C. Pascal’s triangle rule

B. Lottery rule D. Sampling rule
3. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS
CORRECT ABOUT THE SHAPE OF THE NORMAL CURVE?

A. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given Mean

and Standard Deviation of the distribution.

B. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given Mean

and Median of the distribution.

C. The shape of the normal curve is based on the given area and
standard Deviation of the distribution.
D. All of the above
4. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING GRAPHS IS
THE BEST EXAMPLE OF THE NORMAL CURVE?
5. IF THE AVERAGE AGE OF RETIREMENT FOR THE POPULATION IN THE PHILIPPINES IS 65
YEARS AND WITH A STANDARD DEVIATION OF 5 YEARS, WHAT IS THE APPROXIMATE AGE
RANGE IN WHICH 95% OF PEOPLE RETIRE?

A. 60 – 70 years C. 55 – 60 years
B. 55 – 65 years D. 55- 75 years
USE EMPIRICAL RULE TO COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE. WRITE ON THE
RESPECTIVE COLUMN THE RANGE OR INTERVAL OF THE SCORES BASED ON THE
GIVEN PARAMETERS.

  Mean Standard 68% 95% 99.7%

Deviation
Ex 50 3 47 to 53 44 to 56 41 to 59
1 135 28      
2 87 5.5      
3 213 15      
4 567 20      
5 785 29