Autism Spectrum Disorder: Jazmin Quintana PCN-671 Dr. Lee

Autism Spectrum
Disorder
Jazmin Quintana
PCN-671
Dr. Lee This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

Delayed speech or no social babbling/chatting
displayed by child.
The child may not respond to their name.
Child may not share interests or enjoyment with

Indicators others.
Unusual movements with hands, fingers or whole

body.
Over reaction or under reaction to certain textures,

sensory items, or sounds.
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3 04/27/2023
Age Range
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
• ASD can be detected as young as 18 months;

professionals consider a diagnosis at age 2
completed by an experienced professional to
be reliable (Center for Disease Control and
Prevention, 2022).
• Developmental Screenings help to take a
closer look at the development of the child,
these screenings are recommended at 18 and
24 months (Center for Disease Control
Prevention, 2022).
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND

Early Interventions
• Therapy is created based on the child’s individual needs, the family’s needs and also the availability of
therapy resources in the family’s area (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020).
• Early intervention approaches seen to help provide support to the child and family, are those which include
development of structure, direction, and organization for the child and whole family (Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 2020).
• Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is used as a form of early intervention therapy with child who have ASD.
• Early intervention is recommended as soon as ASD is diagnosed or seriously suspected to ensure the child
has the best possible start, and chances of being effective long term (U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, 2021).
Therapy
• Cognitive behavioral therapy, social skills training, and behavior therapy help target children's development.
Therapies under this umbrella can include techniques such as Coping Cat, Facing Fears, Skill streaming,
Joint Attention Symbolic Play Engagement and Regulation fall under the behavior programs (Therapies for
Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder (2014).
• Education and learning programs are often completed in a school setting and utilize programs such as
Applied Behavior Analysis method (Therapies for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, 2014).
• Speech and language therapy, music therapy, occupational therapy are also additional forms of therapy
utilized to help individuals with ASD.
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Therapy for Parents
Play therapy Speech Therapy ABA skills
Relationship
Floortime Development Family therapy
Intervention
Couples Practice Self-

Counseling Care
04/27/2023 6
Early Diagnosis Strengths
• Early intervention includes family
training, speech therapy, hearing
impairment services, physical therapy
and nutrition services (U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, 2021).
• The sooner a child is able to start
services the greater the child’s chance is
for learning and creating progress for the
child and their family.
• Structure is created and parents are
provided support early on to help their
child develop skills towards success.
04/27/2023 7
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND
What is Known about ASD
• Both genetics and environmental influences are seen to play a role in ASD (U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services, 2015).
• Scientific studies suggest ASD could be a result of disruptions in normal brain

growth in very early development (U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, 2015).
• The disruptions may be a result of defects in genes which control brain

development and regulate how cells communicate (U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services, 2015).
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References:
• Autism Navigator, Florida State University. (2022). Red Flags of autism in Toddlers. Reading Rockets. Retrieved from
https://www.readingrockets.org/article/red-flags-autism-toddlers#:~:text=Autism%20spectrum%20disorder%20(ASD)%20can,be%20red%20flags%20for%20ASD.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/screening.html
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Early intervention and education for autism spectrum disorder - A closer look. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/autism/case-modules/early-intervention/03-closer-look.html#:~:text=Some%20examples%20include%20Discrete%20Trial,behaviors%20for%20children
%20with%20ASD.
• Rudy, L. J. (2021). 6 easy, lower-cost ways to become your child's autism therapist. Verywell Health. Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/low-cost-autism-therapies-parents-can-
provide-at-home-4172365
• Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder2014. Therapies for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program. (2014). Retrieved from
https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/autism-update/consumer
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021). Early intervention for autism. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Retrieved from
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/treatments/early-intervention#
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2015). Autism spectrum disorder fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
Retrieved from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/autism-spectrum-disorder-fact-sheet#:~:text=Studies%20suggest%20that%20ASD%20could,common%20in
%20children%20born%20prematurely.

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Autism Spectrum

Dr. Lee This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

The child may not respond to their name.

Child may not share interests or enjoyment with

Unusual movements with hands, fingers or whole

Over reaction or under reaction to certain textures,

• ASD can be detected as young as 18 months;

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND

Couples Practice Self-

• Scientific studies suggest ASD could be a result of disruptions in normal brain

• The disruptions may be a result of defects in genes which control brain

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