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    Joints of The Lower Limbs

    Uploaded by

    Nandhana Kattuparambil Sunoj

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Joints of The Lower Limbs

    Uploaded by

    Nandhana Kattuparambil Sunoj
    22 views20 pages

    Original Title

    Joints of the Lower Limbs

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views20 pages

    Joints of The Lower Limbs

    Uploaded by

    Nandhana Kattuparambil Sunoj

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Joints

    or

    Articulation of the
    lower limbs
    Joints of the lower limbs
     Joints of the lower limb are divided into 2 groups: girdle joints
    and joints of the movable part.
     Sacroiliac joint is a synovial articulation between the auricular
    surfaces of the sacrum and ilium. It is gliding, multiaxial
    joint.
     Ligaments:
     Sacroiliac ventral and dorsal ligg.
     Sacroiliac interosseus lig.
     Iliolumbarle lig.(extracapsular)

    Pubic symphisis is between the sympisial surfaces of the pubic bones.


    It is cartilaginous joint, which contains interpubic disc.
    Ligaments:
     Cartilaginous joint
     A. Symphyses – fibrous cartilage
     The hip joints is a synovial articulation between the head of
    the femur and acetabulum of the hip bone. It is ball and
    socket, multiaxial joint. It contains additional element
    acetabular labrum, which surrounds acetabulum and increases
    in size.
     Ligaments:
     Intracapsular ligg.: Transverse acetabular lig., Ligament of
    the head of the femur (lig. Capitis femori)
     The neck is covered by zona orbicularis.
     Capsular ligg.: Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral ligg.
     The knee joint(Genus) is the largest and most complex joint of the body. It is a
    synovial articulation between the distal end of the femur, proximal end of the tibia and
    patella. It is codyloid, biaxial joint, which contains additional elements: lateral and
    medial menisci(meniscus), patella(sessamoid bone, located in the tendon of the
    quadriceps femoris muscle),
     Intracapsular ligaments: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Posterior cruciate
    ligament (PCL), transverse genus lig., meniscofemoral anterior and posterior
    ligg.
     Capsular ligaments: Oblique popliteal ligament, Arcuate popliteal ligament.
     Extracapsular ligaments: Patellar ligament, Medial and lateral patellar
    retinacula, tibial collateral ligament, fibular collateral ligament.
    Bursae of the knee include the following:
     a. Prepatellar (subcutaneus)bursa between the patella and skin.
     b. Infrapatellar deep bursa between superior part of tibia and patellar ligament
     c. Suprapatellar bursa between inferior part of femur and deep surface of quadriceps
    femoris muscle.
     Knee joint contains plica synovialis infrapatellaris and plicae alares.

    PATELLA IS SESSAMOID BONE, WHICH IS
    LOCATED IN THE TENDON OF THE
    QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE
     The Ankle (talocrural) joint is a synovial Hinge monoaxial
    articulation between the distal end of tibia and its medial malleolus
    and talus; (2) between lateral malleolus of fibula and talus.
     Ligaments:
     Medial (deltoid) ligament, which consists of 4 ligaments –
    tibionavicular, tibiocalcanear, tibiotalat anterior, tibiotalar posterior.
     Lateral ligament, consists of 3 ligaments – talofibular anterior,
    talofibular posterior, calcaneofibular ligg.
    Movements: Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of foot.
    Intertarsal joints - Subtalar joint between talus and calcaneus of tarsus;
    talocalcaneonavicular joint between talus and calcaneus and navicular
    of tarsus; calcaneocuboid joint between calcaneus and cuboid of
    tarsus.
    Tarsometatarsal - Between three cuneiforms of tarsus and bases of
    five metatarsal bones.

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