Primitive civilizations used dance as a form of religious expression and to accompany rhythmic movements. Over time, these dances developed into an established art form through the interweaving of rhythm and the passing of traditions between generations. Philippine folk dances are typically performed in pairs with hand movements and formations. They are classified based on their purpose such as occupational, religious, or wedding dances. Chief influences on Philippine folk dance styles include religion, occupation, climate, geography, costumes, and music.
Primitive civilizations used dance as a form of religious expression and to accompany rhythmic movements. Over time, these dances developed into an established art form through the interweaving of rhythm and the passing of traditions between generations. Philippine folk dances are typically performed in pairs with hand movements and formations. They are classified based on their purpose such as occupational, religious, or wedding dances. Chief influences on Philippine folk dance styles include religion, occupation, climate, geography, costumes, and music.
Primitive civilizations used dance as a form of religious expression and to accompany rhythmic movements. Over time, these dances developed into an established art form through the interweaving of rhythm and the passing of traditions between generations. Philippine folk dances are typically performed in pairs with hand movements and formations. They are classified based on their purpose such as occupational, religious, or wedding dances. Chief influences on Philippine folk dance styles include religion, occupation, climate, geography, costumes, and music.
Primitive civilizations used dance as a form of religious expression and to accompany rhythmic movements. Over time, these dances developed into an established art form through the interweaving of rhythm and the passing of traditions between generations. Philippine folk dances are typically performed in pairs with hand movements and formations. They are classified based on their purpose such as occupational, religious, or wedding dances. Chief influences on Philippine folk dance styles include religion, occupation, climate, geography, costumes, and music.
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PE 103
LESSON 1 BRIEF HISTORY OF DANCE
Art and religion were the most serious concerns of primitive civilizations. Although during the primitive times, their concerns were mainly how to find food and how to increase its supply. Unaware of the artistic aspect, they made use of hunting and fishing as their way of life. As regards religion, they believed that the supernatural beings govern their fate. So, to express their feelings, they created rhythmic movements by stamping, shaking their bodies, chanting and other bodily expressions with the use of natural accompaniment. They employed wood, bamboo, dried leaves, and other things to accompany their rhythmic movements which developed into dance by generally perpetuating the movement and passing the tradition to the next generation. The interweaving factors of rhythm created the dance and later developed into high quality movement and became part of an established art form up to this time. CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCES
1. As a rule, Philippine folk dances begin and end with a saludo.
2. In general, dancers are far apart. A distance of about 6-8 ft. from each other is normal. 3. There is very little, if any, body contact although holding hands is common. 4. Most of the dances are done in pairs and hand movements play a very important role. 5. Many of our dances are done in long formation. 6. Our dances are performed by both young and old, and by both sexes. CLASSIFICATION OF PHIL. FOLK DANCES ACCORDING TO NATURE
Folk dancing is a very wholesome form of recreation enjoyed by everybody. Significantly,
part of the rich Filipino culture and arts is folk dance. There are several dances for all occasions, i.e. wedding, occupation, festival, war and victory
Francisca Reyes Aquino, the Philippine's national artist and Mother of Philippine Folk Dances started the collection of dances and songs as early as 1924. She authored six (6) volumes of books in different Philippine Folk dances and many other unpublished books. These dances have been categorized into non-Christian or their ethnic dances and Christian dances, The ethnic dances are described as the highest form of art of the Filipino dances because of their innate, unique and beautiful movements. The Christian dances mostly adopted the Spanish and other European influences, and mixed the native Filipino culture. These Christian dances include Jotas, Pandanggo, and Habaneras. CLASSIFICATION OF PHIL. FOLK DANCES ACCORDING TO NATURE
1. Occupational Dances – depicting action of certain occupation, industry, or human labor.
2. Religious or Ceremonial – performed in connection with religious vows and ceremonies. 3. Comic Dances – depicting funny movements for entertainment. 4. Game Dances – done with play elements (dance mixers). 5. Courtship Dances _ depicting love making. 6. Wedding Dances – performed during wedding feasts. 7. Festival Dances – suitable for special occasions or any social gathering. 8. War Dances – showing imaginary combat or duel. CHIEF INFLUENCES REFLECTED IN THE STYLE AND PATTERN OF THE DANCES
1. Religion – Claudia Chapline writes of a religious dance which purposed to protect the church from the outer world. The ancient Hebrews danced their prayer and praise and were instructed in the Old Testament to “Praise Him with the tumbrel and dance (Psalm 150)”. The earliest Christian ritual, the “Hymn of Jesus”, as described in the apocryphal Acts of John, written about A.D. 120, was a sacred dance in which the Apostles, joining hands, circled slowly around Christ singing a hymn. This mystic circle was used as a symbol for the protection of the Church from the outer world. (Chapline, 1957). CHIEF INFLUENCES REFLECTED IN THE STYLE AND PATTERN OF THE DANCES
2. Occupation – Traditional mimetic occupational dances were taught and depict the processes involved in the trade. Passed from generation to generation, they were one means of preserving folk customs.
3. Climate – The climate of the country affects the quality of the dance movement. The dance movements in countries with colder climates tend to be very vigorous: in the hot humid climates the movements tend to flow and appear effortless. The tempo of dance, however, is not necessarily influenced by the climate since climate vary; more often, it is the purpose of the dance which determines the tempo. CHIEF INFLUENCES REFLECTED IN THE STYLE AND PATTERN OF THE DANCES
4. Geography – Geography plays an interesting and significant influence on dance. People
who live in the mountains, by necessity, dance in a very small space. The style of movement is influenced by the actual ground upon which they danced. Mountains, as physical features, have served to preserve folk dances in their original form. Plains, valleys, and rivers, as physical features, are more favourable to interchange of dances. CHIEF INFLUENCES REFLECTED IN THE STYLE AND PATTERN OF THE DANCES
5. Costume – is determined by two basic factors, climate and geography. A costume is
utilitarian in purpose; essentially it serves to protect the body form the elements and to suit the life and work of the owner. Furthermore, as individuals and groups become more sophisticated, costumes were to indicate status, prestige, and wealth. The style and range of dance movement may be unlimited or highly restricted depending upon the material and cut of the foot wear, skirt, trousers, or head gear worn by the dancer. Contrast, for example, the unlimited freedom and balance exhibited by the barefoot dancer of the Cordilleras. The role articles of attire play in forming dance movement is an important element in studying the style and background of the dance. CHIEF INFLUENCES REFLECTED IN THE STYLE AND PATTERN OF THE DANCES
6. Music – Music is the twin sister of dance. It is intimately related to movement in dance. The differences in the dance are largely due to the characteristic features of the music of a particular group of people. It is predominantly music which reveals the often subtle differences in the performance of an otherwise commonly shared step pattern. Further, it is music which gives to a common step pattern, the unique characteristics inherent in a group’s cultural background. OPEN FORUM
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