Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    jccultura657
    The document provides an overview of the history of the Earth from its formation to the present. It describes how the Earth evolved over time from a hot molten planet to developing an atmosphere and oceans. Early life began as simple organisms like algae and stromatolites. During the Paleozoic era, complex marine life evolved, followed by plants and eventually amphibians moving onto land. During the Mesozoic, dinosaurs and other reptiles dominated until an extinction event cleared the way for mammals and birds. The current Cenozoic era is characterized by the rise of flowering plants and dominance of mammals including humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    jccultura657
    13 views11 pages
    The document provides an overview of the history of the Earth from its formation to the present. It describes how the Earth evolved over time from a hot molten planet to developing an atmosphere and oceans. Early life began as simple organisms like algae and stromatolites. During the Paleozoic era, complex marine life evolved, followed by plants and eventually amphibians moving onto land. During the Mesozoic, dinosaurs and other reptiles dominated until an extinction event cleared the way for mammals and birds. The current Cenozoic era is characterized by the rise of flowering plants and dominance of mammals including humans.

    Original Title

    Presentation1 (1)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document provides an overview of the history of the Earth from its formation to the present. It describes how the Earth evolved over time from a hot molten planet to developing an atmosphere and oceans. Early life began as simple organisms like algae and stromatolites. During the Paleozoic era, complex marine life evolved, followed by plants and eventually amphibians moving onto land. During the Mesozoic, dinosaurs and other reptiles dominated until an extinction event cleared the way for mammals and birds. The current Cenozoic era is characterized by the rise of flowering plants and dominance of mammals including humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    13 views11 pages

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    jccultura657
    The document provides an overview of the history of the Earth from its formation to the present. It describes how the Earth evolved over time from a hot molten planet to developing an atmosphere and oceans. Early life began as simple organisms like algae and stromatolites. During the Paleozoic era, complex marine life evolved, followed by plants and eventually amphibians moving onto land. During the Mesozoic, dinosaurs and other reptiles dominated until an extinction event cleared the way for mammals and birds. The current Cenozoic era is characterized by the rise of flowering plants and dominance of mammals including humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    History of

    the Earth
     The Earth's history is recorded in the rocks of the crust. Scientists used an assumption
    called uniformitarianism in order to relate what we know about present-day processes to
    past events - the present is the key to the past. Uniformitarianism states that the natural
    laws we know today have been constant over the geoiogic past.
     Earth's Early Evolution As materials continued to accumulate, the high velocity impact of
    interplanetary debris and the decay of radioactive elements caused the temperature of our
    planet to steadily increase.
     During this period of intense heating Earth became hot enough that iron and nickel began to
    melt. This process occurred rapidly on the scale of geologic time and produced Earth's dense
    iron-rich core.
     This early period of heating also resulted in a magma ocean, about hundred kilometers deep.
    Within the magma ocean buoyant masses of molten rock rose toward the surface and
    eventually solidified to produce a thin. primitive crust- thus, the three major divisions of the
    Earth's interior- a) the iron-rich core, b) the thin primtive crust, and c) its thickest layer, the
    mantie.
     In addition, the light materials including water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases
    escaped to form a primitive atmosphere and shortly thereafter the oceans.
    A.) Relative Dating
     Earth scientists use five principles to discern the nature
    and sequence of geological events and the relative
    ages of rocks.

    1) Original horizontality Layers of sediments are deposited


    evenly. with each new layer laid down nearly horizontally
    over older sediment.

    2) Superposition In an unreformed sequence of sedimentary


    rocks, each layer is older than the one above and younger
    than the one below.

    3) Cross-cutting An igneous intrusion or fault that cuts


    through preexisting rock is younger than the rock which it
    cuts

    4) Inclusion Inclusions are pieces of one rock type contained


    within another. Any inclusion is older than the rock
    containing it.
    B.) Radiometric Dating
    The actual age of a rock can be estimated by
    radiometric dating, which entails measuring the ratio of
    radioactive isotopes to their decay products.
    Using both relative and radiometric dating.
    scientists learn the sequence of events and how long
    ago each occurred. Radiometric dating gives the age
    of sedimentary rocks in which the datable material is
    found. The rock can be no older than the age of
    datable material within it.

    Geologic Time Scale


    The geologic time Scale was developed through the
    use of relative dating, and specific dates were applied to
    it via radiometric dating. The geologic time scale is divided
    into three eras the Paleozoic (time of ancient life), the
    Mesozoic (time of middle life), and the Cenozoic (time of
    recent life.) Each era is further divided into periods and
    further into epochs. The largest span of time, the time period
    preceding the Paleozoic is known as the Precambrian (the
    time of hidden life)
    A.) The Precambrian Time
    The era ranges from about 4.6 billion years ago,
    . when the Earth formed, to about 544 million years ago, Fossils of plants date from middle Precambrian, but fossils of animals date in
    the late Precambrian. Towards the end of this period, fossil records revealed
    when abundant microscopic life appeared. Most of the
    that diverse and complete multi-celled organisms existed.
    rocks in this early part of Earth's history have been
    extensively eroded away, metamorphosed, obscured by
    overlying strata or recycled into the Earth's interior.
    The Earth's earliest gases Were hypothesized to
    be swept into space by solar wind. As the planet slowly
    cooled, a more sustaining atmosphere was formed.
    Gases brought to the surface by volcanic processes
    created both a primitive atmosphere and an ocean

    . The first simple organisms were plants. During mid-Precambrian,


    organisms such as blue green algae developed a simple version of
    photosynthesis. Photosynthetic organisms require carbon dioxide to utilize
    the sun's energy. They keep the carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. With the
    release of free oxygen a primitive ozone layer began to develop which
    reduced the amount of harmful ültraviolet radiation reaching the Earth.

    The most common Precambrian fossils are stromatolites. These are not
    remains of actual organisms, rather indirect pieces of evidence of algae
    Many of the Precambrian fossils were preserved in hard, dense chemical
    sedimentary rock known as chert.
    B.) The Paleozoic Era
    Paleozoic era began about 544 million years ago
    and lasted about 300 million years, during which time
    sea levels rose and fell worldwide, allowing shallow
    seas to cover the continents and marine life to flourish
    -from marine invertebrates to fishes, amphibians and
    Reptiles

    a.) Cambrian
    b.) Ordovician
    c) Silurian
    d.) Devonian
    e.) Carboniferous
    f.) Permian

    Cambrian period
    Almost all marine organisms came into existence
    as evidenced by abundant fossils.

    A most important event is the development of organisms having the ability


    to secret calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate for the formation of
    shells. Ordovician Period All major groups of animals that could be
    preserved as fossils had appeared.

    this period marks the earliest appearance of vertebrates- the jawless fish
    known as the agnatha.
     Silurian period
    The Silurian brought about the emergence of
    terrestrial life, the earliest being the terrestrial
    plants with well-developed circulatory system
    (vascular plants). As plants move ashore So did
    other terrestrial organisms. Air-breathing scorpions
    and millipedes were common during the period.
    Devonian period
    This period is known as the "age of fishes".
    Lowland forests of seed ferns, scale trees and true
    ferns flourished. Sharks and bony fishes developed.

    Today the lung fishes and coelacanth, a "living fossil have


    such internal nostrils and breathe in a similar way. The first
    amphibians made their appearance although able to live on
    land, they need to return to water to lay their eggs.
    Carboniferous period Warm, moist climate conditions
    contributed to lash vegetation and dense swampy forests.
    Insects under rapid evolution led to such diverse forms of
    giant cockroaches and dragonflies. The evolution of the first
    reptiles took place with the development of the amniotic egg,
    a porous shell containing a membrane that provided an
    environment for an embryo. Permian period The reptiles
    were well-suited to their environment that they ruled the
    Earth for 200 million years. The two major groups of
    reptiles-diapsids and synapsids dominated this period.
    Diapsids gave rise to the dinosaurs. Synapsids gave rise to
    mammals.
    C.) Mesozoic era
    Known as the age of reptiles, it is made up of three
    periods:Triasic , Jurassic, and Creataceous. The most
    significant event was the rise of the dinosaurs.

    A famous Jurassic deposit is the Morrison Formation,


    within which the world's richest storehouse of
    dinosaurs was preserved. True, pines and redwoods
    appeared and rapidly spread. Flowering plants arose
    and their emergence accelerated the evolution of
    insects. A major event of this era was the breakup of
    Pangea. By the end of this period, the dinosaurs and
    reptiles were completely wiped out. This era is known
    as the "age of mammals
    D.) The Cenozoic Era
    Because mammals replaced reptiles as the dominant land
    animal. It is also sometimes called "age of flowering plants"
    because angiosperms replaced gymnosperms as. the
    dominant land plants. Cenozoic era is made up of two
    periods: Tertiary and Quaternary.

    From oldest to youngest the periods are broken up into the


    Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene for the
    Tertiary period, and the Pleistocene and Holocene for the
    Quaternary period. Climates cooled during this era, hence
    the widespread glaciation. This era also brought about the
    advent of humans. The lowered sea level resulted in the
    "land bridges Connections between land masses. One of
    these land bridges provided the route for the human
    migration from Asia to North America, also throughout the
    world.
    GRYFFINDOR
    MARIA VERONICA
    JO CARLO AGUILA
    JOHN ARMEL PESTANO
    ANALEAH VILLALON MARQUEZ
    JOUSH CULURA
    MIVANS OLIVERIO
    REIN JUSTINE OCAYA
    HONEYLYN LOGATOC
    ALECZ NICOLE MANUEL

    THANK YOU!

    You might also like