Set and Set-Notation

Uploaded by

saegusamayumi881

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

12 views

Set and Set-Notation

Uploaded by

saegusamayumi881

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 11

SETS

SET
is a well-defined
collection of objects.
THE FOLLOWING CONVENTIONS ARE USED
WITH SETS:
1. CAPITAL LETTERS are used to denote sets.

2. lowercase letters are used to denote elements of sets

• each object or number in a set is called a member or
element of the set.
• element of a set is denoted by the symbol "∈“
• The members(elements) of set is separated by COMMA
• If V is any set and a is an element of set V, then
we write a∈V, read as a belongs to V or a is an element of set
V
V = {a, e, i, o, u} a ∈ V, a,e,i,o,u ∈ V
• elements are distinct or no repetition
• Cardinality of a set refers to the number of elements in a given
set. The cardinality of A is denoted by n(A)
V = {a, e, i, o, u}
n(V) = 5
3. braces { } are use to enclose the element/s of a set.
EXAMPLES OF SET. IDENTIFY IF
ITS FINITE OR INFINITE THEN GIVE
THE ELEMENTS
1.Set of whole numbers less than 10.
2.Set of math teachers of a certain
school.
3. Set of primary colors.
4. Set of vowels of the
English Alphabet.
5. Set of all days in a week.
METHODS OF WRITING SETS
1. ROSTER METHOD
listing of all the elements of the set.
EXAMPLES:
J = {red, blue, yellow}
E = {a, e, i, o, u}
S = {0,1, 2, 3,..., 9}
The three dots are called an ellipsis.
We use an ellipsis in the middle of a set as a shortcut for listing many elements.
If ellipsis is used at the end of the list of elements, it indicates that the set goes on
forever. The set is an infinite set.
2. RULE METHOD/ A WRITTEN DESCRIPTION
•describing the elements of the set
EXAMPLE:

Set of integers between 2 and 9.

The set of all suits in a standard deck of playing cards.

The set of all days in a week.

3. Set Builder Notation
a mathematical notation describing a set by
stating the properties that each member must satisfy.

• EXAMPLE:

J = {j / j is a whole number less than 10}

E = {e / e is a day in a week}
S = {s / s is a primary color}
KINDS OF SETS
1. EMPTY SET - a set which has no element. it is
denoted by { } or ∅.
example: W = {w / w is a whole number between 1 and 2}

2. UNIT SET - a set which has only one element.

example: P = { p / p is an even prime number}
3. FINITE SET – a set which has a countable number of elements.
example: N = {n / n is a factor of 20}
4. INFINITE SET – a set which does not have a countable number of
elements.
example: Q = {q / q is a rational number between 1 and 2}

5. DISJOINT SETS – two sets which have no common elements.

example: A = {a / a is an even integer}, B = {b / b is an odd integer}
6. EQUAL SETS – two sets which have exactly the same elements.
example: A = {3, 673}, B = {x / x is a prime factor of 2019}

7. EQUIVALENT SETS – two sets which have the same number of elements.
example: A = {a, e, i, o, u}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
A↔B
8. UNIVERSAL SET – a set containing all the elements under consideration.
example: L = {x / x is a prime number}