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    Viruses

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    Alaa Awad
    Viruses are non-living particles that can only reproduce inside host cells. They enter cells and take over the cell's functions to produce more viruses, which then burst out and infect other cells. Viruses come in different shapes and have either a protein coat or genetic material. They can only infect the specific host cells that they are adapted for. Active viruses immediately take over host cells to reproduce, while hidden viruses integrate into the host cell's genome and lay dormant. Jenner discovered the first vaccine by inoculating people with cowpox to protect them from smallpox.

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    Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Alaa Awad
    21 views20 pages
    Viruses are non-living particles that can only reproduce inside host cells. They enter cells and take over the cell's functions to produce more viruses, which then burst out and infect other cells. Viruses come in different shapes and have either a protein coat or genetic material. They can only infect the specific host cells that they are adapted for. Active viruses immediately take over host cells to reproduce, while hidden viruses integrate into the host cell's genome and lay dormant. Jenner discovered the first vaccine by inoculating people with cowpox to protect them from smallpox.

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    ViruseswithQuestionsandAnswerKey-1

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    Viruses are non-living particles that can only reproduce inside host cells. They enter cells and take over the cell's functions to produce more viruses, which then burst out and infect other cells. Viruses come in different shapes and have either a protein coat or genetic material. They can only infect the specific host cells that they are adapted for. Active viruses immediately take over host cells to reproduce, while hidden viruses integrate into the host cell's genome and lay dormant. Jenner discovered the first vaccine by inoculating people with cowpox to protect them from smallpox.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    21 views20 pages

    Viruses

    Uploaded by

    Alaa Awad
    Viruses are non-living particles that can only reproduce inside host cells. They enter cells and take over the cell's functions to produce more viruses, which then burst out and infect other cells. Viruses come in different shapes and have either a protein coat or genetic material. They can only infect the specific host cells that they are adapted for. Active viruses immediately take over host cells to reproduce, while hidden viruses integrate into the host cell's genome and lay dormant. Jenner discovered the first vaccine by inoculating people with cowpox to protect them from smallpox.

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    VIRUSES

    What is a virus?
    • A tiny, non-living
    particle.

    • Enters cells, takes


    over and reproduces
    inside of them.

    • An invader of cells.
    Characteristics of Viruses
    • Are not cells.

    • Do not use their own energy to grow or


    respond to their surroundings.

    • Can not make food or waste.

    • Viruses can and do multiply


    HOST

    Viruses can ONLY multiply inside of a


    living HOST CELL.
    HOST = an organism that
    provides a source of energy
    for a virus or another
    organism.

    PARASITE = an organism
    that lives on or in a host
    and causes harm.
    Viral Shapes

    Bacteriophage
    • A virus that only
    infects bacteria.
    Examples of Viruses
    Viruses are VERY small and can not be seen
    without a powerful microscope.
    Viruses have a protein coat and genetic material.
    How come we can not
    get the Tobacco Mosaic
    Virus?

    • Viruses can only infect


    the host that they are
    intended for.

    • The proteins on the surface of the virus


    fit the proteins on the surface of a host
    cell like this key fits this lock.
    Active Viruses
    1. Enter cell.

    2. Take over cell functions.

    3. Produces more viruses.

    4. Cell bursts releasing lots of new viruses.

    5. Those viruses infect more cells.


    What is the difference
    between an active and hidden
    virus?
    • The genetic material of a hidden virus can “hide”
    inside of the cell.

    • It is undetected or hidden so the cell can not attack


    the virus!

    • You can NEVER get rid of a hidden virus…EVER.


    Jenner

    Creator of 1st vaccine


    with smallpox
    Injected a little boy
    with live cow pox.

    Sent him into a


    smallpox infected
    area.
    Vaccines of Today
    • Measles
    • Mumps
    • Rubella
    • Polio
    • Flu
    • Chicken Pox*
    • HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)*
    • Hepitis
    • Rabies
    Questions to Accompany Viruses Power Point
    1. What is a virus?

    2. Is virus alive?

    3. Name 2 characteristics of viruses.

    4. What is the difference between a host and a parasite?

    5. List 3 viruses that were named in the presentation.

    6. Can a tobacco mosaic virus infect a human? Why or why not.

    7. What is the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus?

    8. What did the scientist named Jenner discover?


    Answer Key
    1. What is a virus?
    A virus is a non-living particle that takes over a host cell and reproduces.

    2. Is virus alive?
    That is still debated. It is generally considered non-living because it cannot
    reproduce on its own.

    3. Name 2 characteristics of viruses.


    Are not cells, cannot make food or waste, do not use their own energy.

    4. What is the difference between a host and a parasite?


    The host is infected and harmed by the parasite. It takes over the cell and
    uses the cell to its own benefit.
    5. List 3 viruses that were named in the presentation.
    Ebola, Hanta, Smallpox, Flu…

    6. Can a tobacco mosaic virus infect a human? Why or why not.


    No it cannot. The host range for that virus is a plant. It might be able to
    infect different types of plants but not animals.

    7. What is the difference between an active virus and a hidden virus?


    An active virus gets into the cells of the host and makes new viruses. The host
    cells are destroyed very quickly. A hidden virus gets into the genetic material
    of the host cell. It can wait for a very long time to become active. Even when
    it does, other cells are already infected with hidden viruses and do not
    become active.

    8. What did the scientist named Jenner discover?


    Jenner is credited with creating the very first vaccine (using cowpox).

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