Programming in JAVA

11th session

Written by Dr. Mohamad Obaid

 Outline

• Array definition

• Array initialization

• Enter and printing an Array

• Maximum and minimum value of array

• Array sorting
 Array
• What’s array?
- array is many places where data is stored for temporary time.
- When we define and create a array, there are specific numbers of
adjacent places in the memory are used to save data in its.
- Access to the saved data done by use array name and Index,
where the index starts from zero.

• What’s the benefit of array?

- The benefit of using array is the ability of saving large number of
values under one name (the array name) without necessary to save
every value in a separate variable.
 Array Definition
• We can define one dimension array of integer values by the
following statement:
int a[];
• We can define 10 places for this array by the following
statement:
a = new int[10];
• We can merge the two previous statement in one statement:
int a[] = new int[10];
 Array Definition
• In Java language, the index of element’s position is written between [] after array
name. This index is a number located between 0 and n-1. where n is the count of
array elements.

• In the begin of program all integer array elements has zero value.

• If we need to start array elements with next values:

15 , 30 , 50 , 33 , 40 , 17 , 150 , 88 , 44 , 50

So we need to use these commands:

a[0]=15; a[1]=30; a[2]=50; a[3]=33; a[4]=40; a[5]=17; a[6]=150; a[7]=88; a[8]=44; a[9]=50;
 Array Definition
• We can combine definition statement with reservation statement:
int a[]={15 , 30 , 50 , 33 , 40 , 17 , 150 , 88 , 44 , 50 };
So the array will be like this:

• To print the previous array:

for (int i=0 ; i < 10 ; i++)
System.out.println(a[i]);
Example 11.1: Program define an array has 10
elements and initialize it by the multiplicands of 5
then print this array
public static void main(String[] args) • We can merge the two loops in one:
{ public static void main(String[] args)
{
int i ;
int i ;
int a[]=new int[10];
int a[]=new int[10];
for (i=0;i<10;i++) for (i=0;i<10;i++)
a[i]=5*i+5; {
a[i]=5*i+5;
for (i=0;i<10;i++) System.out.print(a[i]+" ");
System.out.print(a[i]+" "); }
} }
Example 11.2: Program initialize an array consists of n
elements by Fibonacci series then print the contents of
array with its indexes using Dialog box
public static void main(String[] args)
{ int i,n ;
String result="";
n=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("n="));
int a[]=new int[n];
a[0]=0; a[1]=1;
result+="index value\n";
for (i=2;i<n ; i++)
a[i]=a[i-1]+a[i-2];
for (i=0; i<n ; i++)
result+=i+" "+a[i]+"\n";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,result);
}
Example 11.3: Program initialize an array by n
random values and print it
public static void main(String[] args)
{ int i,n ;
n=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("n="));
double a[]=new double[n];
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
a[i]=Math.random();
System.out.println(a[i]+" ");
}
}
Notes:
• The index must be positive and integer number, and not exceed the
count of elements in the array.
• The property a.length give the count of elements in array.
• We can put [] before array name:
Double [] a = new double [10];
• If the array hasn’t initial values so it has values according to its kind:
Type Initial value
int , byte , short , long 0
double , float 0.0
boolean false
String null
char \u0000 ‫فراغ‬
Example 11.4: Program Enter an array consists of n elements then print this
array as it entered, reversely ,maximum, minimum element, and print array
after ascending sorting
public static void main(String[] args)
{ int i,n,j,t,max,min ; String result="";
n=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("n="));
int a[]=new int[n];
for (i=0; i<n ; i++)
a[i]=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("num "+(i+1)));
result+="normal\n";
for (i=0; i<n ;i++)
result+=a[i]+" ";
result+="\nrevese\n";
for (i=n-1;i>=0;i--)
result+=a[i]+" ";
 Example 11.4
max=a[0]; for (i=0;i<n-1;i++)
for (i=1;i<n;i++) for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
if (a[i]>max) max=a[i]; if (a[i]>a[j])
min=a[0]; { t=a[i]; a[i]=a[j]; a[j]=t; }
result+="after sorting\n";
for (i=1;i<n;i++)
for (i=0;i<n ;i++)
if (a[i]<min) min=a[i];
result+=a[i]+" ";
result+="\nmax="+max+" min="+min+"\n";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,result);
}
}
Example 11.5:Program Enter the names and marks
for n students then print the successful student
names
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int i, n ;
String res="";
n=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("n="));
String name[]=new String[n];
int mark[]=new int[n];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
name[i]=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("name["+i+"]=");
mark[i]=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("mark["+i+"]="));
if (mark[i]>=60)
res+=name[i]+"\n";
}
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, res);
}