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Linear Regression and Logistic Regression

This document provides an introduction to machine learning, including: - Defining artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning, and explaining their relationships. - Overviewing linear regression and logistic regression as examples of machine learning algorithms. - Explaining key concepts for linear regression including fitting the best fit line using mean squared error and residuals. - Describing the types of both linear regression and logistic regression. - Providing examples of applying linear regression and logistic regression in machine learning.

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kashish singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views

Linear Regression and Logistic Regression

This document provides an introduction to machine learning, including: - Defining artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning, and explaining their relationships. - Overviewing linear regression and logistic regression as examples of machine learning algorithms. - Explaining key concepts for linear regression including fitting the best fit line using mean squared error and residuals. - Describing the types of both linear regression and logistic regression. - Providing examples of applying linear regression and logistic regression in machine learning.

Uploaded by

kashish singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

1

Introduction to Machine Learning

Presented By:
Prof Mahaveer Jain
MCU, Indore MP
Agenda
2

 What is Artificial Intelligence


 What is Machine Learning

 What is Deep Learning

 AI vs ML vs DL

 Linear Regression

 Logistics Regression
Introduction to AI

• Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation or


approximation of human intelligence in machines.
• The goals of artificial intelligence include computer-enhanced
learning, reasoning, and perception.
• AI is being used today across different industries from finance
to healthcare.

3
Introduction to Machine Learning

Machine Learning is a type of artificial intelligence that allows


software applications to become more accurate at predicting
outcomes without being explicitly programmed to do so.

4
Introduction to Deep Learning

Deep learning is part of a broader family of machine learning


methods, which is based on artificial neural networks with
representation learning. The adjective "deep" in deep learning
refers to the use of multiple layers in the network. Methods used
can be either supervised, semi-supervised or unsupervised.

5
AI vs ML vs DL
6

Deep Learning, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence are


the most used terms on the internet for IT folks. However, all
these three technologies are connected with each
other. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be understood as an
umbrella that consists of both Machine learning and deep
learning. Or We can say deep learning and machine learning
both are subsets of artificial intelligence.
AI vs ML vs DL
7
Types of Machine Learning
8
Linear Regression
9

Linear regression is a statistical method that is used for predictive


analysis. Linear regression makes predictions for continuous / real or
numeric variables such as sales, salary, age, product price, etc.
Types of Linear Regression

10

 Linear regression can be further divided into two types of the


algorithm:
 Simple Linear Regression:
If a single independent variable is used to predict the value of a
numerical dependent variable, then such a Linear Regression
algorithm is called Simple Linear Regression.
 Multiple Linear regression:
If more than one independent variable is used to predict the value of
a numerical dependent variable, then such a Linear Regression
algorithm is called Multiple Linear Regression.
Linear Regression Model
11

Simple Linear Regression


Y = a1 + a2 X

Multiple Linear Regression

Y = a1 + a2 X1 + a3 X2 +
………. + an Xn
Fitting the Best Fit
12

The different values for weights or the coefficient of lines (a 0, a1) gives
a different line of regression, so we need to calculate the best values for
a0 and a1 to find the best fit line, so to calculate this we use cost
function.
Fitting the Best Fit - MSE
13

For Linear Regression, we use the Mean Squared Error (MSE) cost
function, which is the average of squared error occurred between the
predicted values and actual values. It can be written as:

MSE = (1/n) * Σ(actual – forecast)2


Residuals
14

The distance between the actual


value and predicted values is
called residual. If the observed
points are far from the
regression line, then the
residual will be high, and so
cost function will high. If the
scatter points are close to the
regression line, then the
residual will be small and hence
the cost function.
Logistic Regression
15

Logistic regression predicts the output of a categorical dependent


variable. Therefore the outcome must be a categorical or discrete value.
It can be either Yes or No, 0 or 1, true or False, etc. but instead of giving
the exact value as 0 and 1, it gives the probabilistic values which lie
between 0 and 1.
16
Type of Logistic Regression
17

On the basis of the categories, Logistic Regression can be classified into


three types:
 Binomial: In binomial Logistic regression, there can be only two possible
types of the dependent variables, such as 0 or 1, Pass or Fail, etc.
 Multinomial: In multinomial Logistic regression, there can be 3 or more
possible unordered types of the dependent variable, such as "cat", "dogs",
or "sheep"
 Ordinal: In ordinal Logistic regression, there can be 3 or more possible
ordered types of dependent variables, such as "low", "Medium", or "High".
Example : Linear Regression
18

Linear Regression
Ex-1 Linear Regression using MS Excel
Ex-2
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/10T_D3BYDsXeK4MvWQ-R
D2gcCwXNDNEsZ
Ex-3
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1zKT6FZKg-gO_OGDD_ypg
DQQZEs1p0r5A
Example : Logistic Regression
19

Ex-1
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1Z7KvmF2xTn2XfzV_4vhp1P
JkxWfN2UDi

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