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    BIO8

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    Tedi Hananda
    This document discusses biochemistry topics including amino acids, proteins, and metabolism. It provides information on: 1. The general structure of amino acids including their ionization states at physiological pH. 2. How amino acids are classified based on their structure, chemical nature, polarity, metabolic fate, and nutritional properties. 3. The 21 standard amino acids and selenocysteine and pyrrolysin as the 21st and 22nd amino acids. 4. The significance of amino acids as biologically important compounds and examples of clinical correlations like homocystinuria and phenylketonuria.

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    BIO8

    Uploaded by

    Tedi Hananda
    6 views22 pages
    This document discusses biochemistry topics including amino acids, proteins, and metabolism. It provides information on: 1. The general structure of amino acids including their ionization states at physiological pH. 2. How amino acids are classified based on their structure, chemical nature, polarity, metabolic fate, and nutritional properties. 3. The 21 standard amino acids and selenocysteine and pyrrolysin as the 21st and 22nd amino acids. 4. The significance of amino acids as biologically important compounds and examples of clinical correlations like homocystinuria and phenylketonuria.

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    This document discusses biochemistry topics including amino acids, proteins, and metabolism. It provides information on: 1. The general structure of amino acids including their ionization states at physiological pH. 2. How amino acids are classified based on their structure, chemical nature, polarity, metabolic fate, and nutritional properties. 3. The 21 standard amino acids and selenocysteine and pyrrolysin as the 21st and 22nd amino acids. 4. The significance of amino acids as biologically important compounds and examples of clinical correlations like homocystinuria and phenylketonuria.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    6 views22 pages

    BIO8

    Uploaded by

    Tedi Hananda
    This document discusses biochemistry topics including amino acids, proteins, and metabolism. It provides information on: 1. The general structure of amino acids including their ionization states at physiological pH. 2. How amino acids are classified based on their structure, chemical nature, polarity, metabolic fate, and nutritional properties. 3. The 21 standard amino acids and selenocysteine and pyrrolysin as the 21st and 22nd amino acids. 4. The significance of amino acids as biologically important compounds and examples of clinical correlations like homocystinuria and phenylketonuria.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 22

    BIOCHEMISTRY

    Yuniarti Falya
    Class
    Interactive CONTRACT TOTAL 8X
    PERT + UAS
    Poin

    TERLAMBAT
    15 MENIT QUIZ
    & Team Work
    BIOCHEMISTRY
    oASAM AMINO
    oPROTEIN
    oMETABOLISME ASAM AMINO DAN PROTEIN
    oENZIM
    AMINO ACID
    o General structure
    o Classification
    o Significance
    General structure: L-α-amino acids
    Ionized from at physiological pH

    Protonated Deprotonated
    General structure: Amino acids

    o Linear polymers of L-α-amino acids


    Proteins o Linked together by covalent peptides bonds

    o What are amino acids?


    o What are alpha amino acids?
    o What are L-alpha amino acids?
    Numbering: amino acids

    Amino Acids

    Standard Non-Standard
    20 Amino Acids Amino Acids
    21-Selenocysteine o D-amino acids
    22-Pyrrolysin o Non-protein AA
    o AA derivates
    Classifications: Amino acids
    1. Aliphatic side chain
    2. Side chain with OH group
    Structure & 3. Side Chains With “S”
    Chemical 4. Side chain with acidic group
    1. Essential nature 5. Side chain with basic group
    2. Nonessential 6. Aromatic amino acids
    3. Semi-essential 7. Imine acids

    Amino
    Nutrisions Acids Polarity

    1. Hydrophilic (Polar)
    1. Glucogenic 2. Hydrophobic (Non-polar)
    2. Ketogenic Metabolic
    3. Both fate
    Classifications 1: Based on Structure & Chemical Nature
    2. Side Chain With ”OH” Group
    Classifications 1: Based on Structure & Chemical Nature
    3. Side Chain With ”S” Atom
    Classifications 1: Based on Structure & Chemical Nature
    4. Side chain with acidic group

    Dycarboxilic monoamino acid


    Classifications 1: Based on Structure & Chemical Nature
    5. Side chain with basic group (basic amino acids)
    Classifications 1: Based on Structure & Chemical Nature
    6. Aromatic amino acids
    Classifications 2: Based on Polarity
    Classifications 3: Metabolic fate
    Classifications 4: Nutritional
    The 21st: Amino Acids

    o Glutathione peroxidase
    o Deiodinase
    o Glycine reductase
    o Thioredoxine reductase
    The 22nd: Amino Acids

    Methyl-transferase enzyme from methane-producing bacteria


    Significant of amino acids: Biologically important compound
    Clinical Correlation

    • homocystinuria
    • phaechromocytoma
    • carcinoid syndrome
    albinism
    • hartip disease

    tyrosinemia

    phenylketonuria

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