11

DISCIPLINES AND
IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES
Quarter 2 – Module 4
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson you are expected to:
a.explain the different indigenizing social
sciences through a slogan.

b.share the impact of patronizing locally-

made products to our economy.
1. This is manifested by the Filipinos’ penchant for buying
imported goods instead of locally-made goods.
a. Colonial Attitude c. Colonial Mentality
b. Colonial Biases d. Colonial Manifestation

2. This attribute is related to the so-called “crab mentality”.

c. Colonial Mentality c. Katauhang Panlabas
d. Kanya-kanya Syndrome d. Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas

3. It refers to the innermost feeling of an individual.

e. Kapwa c. Katauhang Panlabas
f. Loob d. Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas
4. A multidimensional measure based on Filipino college students’
concept of healthy and unhealthy personality
a. Indigenization from within
b. Katauhang Panlabas
c. Indigenization from without
d. Katauhang Panloob

5. The scientific study of the ethnicity, society, and culture of people

and the application to psychological practice of indigenous
knowledge rooted in the people’s ethnic heritage and consciousness.
e. Colonial Mentality
f. Extreme Personalism
g. Extreme Family Centeredness
h. Filipino Psychology
6. Political dynasty, compadreism, kamag-anak incorporated
are conspicuous manifestations of this dysfunctional
Filipino value.
a. Colonial Mentality c. Extreme Personalism
b.Extreme Family Centeredness d. Filipino Psychology

7. Which of the following statements explains this line,“I am

who I am because of who we all are.”
c. Identity of a person depends on the place where he belongs.
d.Indigenous people work together as one.
e. Shared Identity of one community.
f. All of the above.
8. Which of the following situation explains the concept of “Hiya” in
the perspective of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a. You ask a picture of the President when he visited your school.
b.You can not say NO to any parties that you are invited to.
c. Accepting any offer because it is free.
d.Afraid to speak up in public.

9. Identify the approach in Sikolohiyang Pilipino where the

researcher tries to understand by visiting the environment of his
correspondents.
e. Panunuluyan c. Pakikipagkwentuhan
f. Pagdalaw-dalaw d. Pagtanong-tanong
10.The following are Filipino Values that are related to
Pakikipagkapwa, except __________________.
a. Pakikibagay c. Panunuluyan
b. Pakikiisa d. Pakikiapid

11. Which of the following does not show the values of

Pakikilahok?
c. Participation in giving donations for the typhoon
victim.
d. Participation in clean up drive in the community.
e. Participation in selling of relief goods.
f. Join a walk for a cause.
12. Filipino values that will allow the researcher to gain a
profound and deeper understanding of the participants.
a. Panunuluyan c. Pakikipagkwentuhan
b. Pagdalaw-dalaw d. Pagtanong-tanong

13. Which of the following situations best shows

“Pakikisama”?
c. Initiates a good conversation.
d. Asking questions that concern public health.
e. Follow AITF protocol to avoid getting sick with COVID-
19.
f. Always taking part of any webinar to upgrade ICT skills
and knowledge.
14.Pakikibagay is to adapt and Pakikitungo is to
______________.
a. Civility c. Grateful
b. Conform d. Humble

15. Pakikipagkapwa is one of Filipino values that is often

abused. Which of the following situation best
describes this value?
a. Assisting an old person to cross the street.
b. Helping the needy or street children.
c. Being a shoulder to cry on.
d. All of the above.
 Foreignoy. Let us review your lessons in
Philippine History. Identify the
characteristics/traits/culture that you think we have
acquired or adopted from our colonizers. Complete
the chart below by filling in the next column
accordingly. Use a separate sheet of paper for your
answers.
COLONIZERS CHARACTERISTICS/TRAITS/
CULTURE ACQUIRED OR
ADOPTED
Spaniards
Americans
Japanese
 Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP) is an academic movement
which seeks to indigenize the theory, method, and
practice of psychology. It is a countervailing force to
the dominant western-oriented psychology and its
strong influence on teaching, research, and practice
in the country. The strong influence of western
psychology is reflected in the character of degree
programs, curricula, textbooks, and research agenda
in the local colleges and universities. Sikolohiyang
Pilipino is considered by many scholars as a form of
postcolonial and liberation psychology. It rejects the
tradition of mainstream psychology to overly rely on
quantitative approaches in studying human behavior.
This bias in favor of quantification is an offshoot of
methodologies employed in the social sciences.
Psychologist Rogelia Pe-Pua defined Sikolohiyang
Pilipino as an approach anchored on Filipino thought
and experience as understood from a Filipino
perspective.

Virgilio Enriquez, the forerunner of Sikolohiyang

Pilipino, advocated for a transformative and critical
approach in psychology education, research, and
practice. He sought to mainstream the understanding
of indigenous institutions, values, and culture.
Among his major projects were researches in the
historical and cultural roots of Philippine psychology
 Sikolohiyang Pilipino is also particularly critical of the
tendency of mainstream western psychology to
misunderstanding and misrepresent indigenous cultural
systems when understood and measured using foreign
personality tests and psychological exams.
For instance, the concept of “hiya” is loosely translated by
foreigners as “shame.” In the specific context in the
6

Philippines, however, it is translated to “sense of propriety.”

 Another case is the interpretation of “bahala na” which from
the foreign perspective is viewed as a form of fatalism and lack
of concern but, when interpreted locally, is viewed as an attitude
of termination and a form of risk-taking.

The core construct of Sikolohiyang Pilipino is kapwa or

shared identity. Kapwa underscored the central importance of
collective identity and shared humanity of people. Kapwa is
similar to the Ubuntu philosophy in Africa which means that “I
am who I am because of who we all are.”

The concept of kapwa defines how an individual relates with

others whether dealing with his or her in-group (hindi iba) or
out-group (ibang tao). This differs sharply in the manner by
6
 which the western concept of the “other” is viewed as
alienated, marginalized, and isolated. Sikolohiyang Pilipino
works on the premise that a person’s relationship with his or
her fellows is governed by pakikipagkapwa, whether he or she
belongs to the individual’s in-group (hindi iba) or out-group
(ibang tao).

Sikolohiyang Pilipino employs the following methodologies

and approaches in conducting social research:

Pakikipagkuwentuhan – The process of informal storytelling

by participants facilitated by the researcher is expected to
bring about observations and insights relevant to the subject
matter of study.
6
from the participants’ flow of conversation about the topic will
enable the researcher to identify cultural patterns and nuances
that a structured questionnaire cannot reveal.

Pagdalaw-dalaw – The experience of visiting the respondents’

homes will allow the researcher to understand their actual
physical and social environments.

Pakikiramdam – This allows the researcher to feel and

empathize with his or her respondents about their collective
and individual emotions, concerns and aspirations.

Panunuluyan – The practice of immersing in the community

and staying with the household will enable the researcher to
6
develop a deeper sense of relationship with the participant,
thereby allowing him or her to gain a more profound
understanding of their aspirations, experiences and struggles.

Filipino Values Related to Pakikipagkapwa

Pakikitungo - civility in dealing Pakikisangkot - act of joining
with others
others
Pakikisalamuha - ability to Pagkakaisa - being one in
adapt purpose
Pakikilahok - act of Pakikiramdam- shared inner
participating perception
Pakikibagay – conformity with Kagandang-loob – shared
others humanity
6

Pakikisama – being united/being Utang na loob – norm of

 Activity
The Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology) is an alternative
movement advanced by Virgilio Gaspar Enriquez in the field of
psychology has contributed to the development of culturally sensitive
and culturally appropriate psychological interventions for vulnerable
populations in the Philippines and in other Third World countries.
Examine the situations below and identify if they are in accordance
with the core values of Sikolohiyang Pilipino or not. Place your answer in
a separate sheet of
paper.

Fact or Bluff: Write FACT if the condition is correct and BLUFF if it

is not. Justify your answer in a form of a statement.

1. Pagtulong sa matanda habang tumatawid sa daan.

2. Paggawa ng aksyon para tapusin ang paglawak ng suliranin
4. Pagsunod ng Anti-Mendicancy Law (pagbawal pagbigay
ng limos)bilang tulong sa mga mahihirap para
tumayo sa sariling paa.
5. Hindi pakikialam sa usapin ng Reproductive Health Law.
6. Pagsuot ng facemask kahit nasa loob ng bahay.
7. Sikolohiyang Pilipino ay pagtukoy sa kaisipan ng
karamihan.
8. Sadyang nakakatulong sa ating ekonomiya ang
pagtangkilik ng mga produkto na gawa sa ibang
bansa.
 Serious efforts to indigenize psychology will bring about significant
shifts in the tradition of teaching, research, advocacy, and application
in the field of behavioral sciences. Sikolohiyang Pilipino seeks to
indigenize the theory, method, and practice of psychology.

Applying your knowledge on Sikolohiyang Pilipino, create a Slogan

on any topic suggested below. Use one whole short bond paper for this
activity.

1. Psychology of decolonization
2. Disaster psychology
3. Psychology of OFW reintegration
4. Psychosocial health of refugees, evacuees, and internally displaced
persons
5. Hidden victimization of emergency health workers
6. Psychology of poverty
 ASSESSMENT

1. Which of the following situation explains the concept of “Hiya”

in the perspective of Sikolohiyang Pilipino?
a. You ask a picture of the President when he visited your school.
b. You can not say NO to any parties that you are invited.
c. Accepting all offers because it is free.
d. Afraid to speak up in public.

2. Identify the approach in Sikolohiyang Pilipino where the

researcher tries to understand by visiting the environment of his
correspondents.
e. Panunuluyan c. Pakikipagkwentuhan
f. Pagdalaw-dalaw d. Pagtanong-tanong
3. The following are Filipino Values that are related to
Pakikipagkapwa, except __________________.
a.Pakikibagay c. Panunuluyan
b.Pakikiisa d. Pakikiapid

4. Which of the following does not show the values of

Pakikilahok?
c.Participation in giving donations for the typhoon
victim.
d.Participation in clean up drive in the community.
e.Participation in selling of relief goods.
f. Join a walk for a cause.
5. Filipino Values that will allow the researcher the gain a
profound and deeper understanding of the participants.
a. Panunuluyan c. Pakikipagkwentuhan
b. Pagdalaw-dalaw d. Pagtanong-tanong

6. Which of the following situation best shows “Pakikisama”?

c. Initiates a good conversation.
d. Asking questions that concerns public health.
e. Follow AITF protocol to avoid getting sick with COVID-
19.
f. Always taking part of any webinar to upgrade ICT skills
and knowledge.
7. Pakikibagay is to adapt and Pakikitungo is to
______________.
a. Civility c. Grateful
b. Conform d. Humble

8. Pakikipagkapwa is a Filipino values that is often abused.

Which of the following situations best describes this
value?
c. assisting an old person to cross the street
d. helping the needy or street children
e. being a shoulder to cry on
f. all of the above
9. This is manifested by the Filipinos’ penchant for buying
imported goods instead of locally-made goods.
a. Colonial Attitude c. Colonial Mentality
b. Colonial Biases d. Colonial Manifestation

10.This attribute is related to the so-called “crab mentality”.

c. Colonial Mentality c. Katauhang Panlabas
d. Kanya-kanya Syndrome d. Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas

11.It refers to the innermost feeling of an individual.

e. Kapwa c. Katauhang Panlabas
f. Loob d. Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas
12.A multidimensional measure based on Filipino college students’
concept of healthy and unhealthy personality
a. Indigenization from within
b. Katauhang Panlabas
c. Indigenization from without
d. Katauhang Panloob

13.The scientific study of the ethnicity, society, and culture of people

and the application to psychological practice of indigenous
knowledge rooted in the people’s ethnic heritage and
consciousness.
e. Colonial Mentality
f. Extreme Personalism
g. Extreme Family Centeredness
h. Filipino Psychology
14.Political dynasty, compadreism, kamag-anak incorporated are
conspicuous manifestations of this dysfunctional Filipino
value.
a. Colonial Mentality
b. Extreme Personalism
c. Extreme Family Centeredness
d. Filipino Psychology

15.Which of the following statements explains this line,“I am

who I am because of who we all are.”
e. Identity of a person depends on the place where he belongs.
f. Indigenous people work together as one.
g. Shared Identity of one community.
h. All of the above.