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    Jablonski Diagram Photophysical Processes

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    vanshv8055
    1) The document describes photophysical processes including fluorescence and phosphorescence using the Jablonski energy diagram. 2) Fluorescence involves emission of light from an excited singlet state (S1) to the ground singlet state (S0) within 10-10-10-8 seconds via a spin-allowed transition. 3) Phosphorescence involves emission of light from an excited triplet state (T1) to the ground singlet state (S0) over a longer time scale of 10-6-10-3 seconds via a spin-forbidden transition.

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    Jablonski Diagram Photophysical Processes

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    vanshv8055
    160 views9 pages
    1) The document describes photophysical processes including fluorescence and phosphorescence using the Jablonski energy diagram. 2) Fluorescence involves emission of light from an excited singlet state (S1) to the ground singlet state (S0) within 10-10-10-8 seconds via a spin-allowed transition. 3) Phosphorescence involves emission of light from an excited triplet state (T1) to the ground singlet state (S0) over a longer time scale of 10-6-10-3 seconds via a spin-forbidden transition.

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    Jablonski Diagram Photophysical Processes (1)

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    1) The document describes photophysical processes including fluorescence and phosphorescence using the Jablonski energy diagram. 2) Fluorescence involves emission of light from an excited singlet state (S1) to the ground singlet state (S0) within 10-10-10-8 seconds via a spin-allowed transition. 3) Phosphorescence involves emission of light from an excited triplet state (T1) to the ground singlet state (S0) over a longer time scale of 10-6-10-3 seconds via a spin-forbidden transition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    160 views9 pages

    Jablonski Diagram Photophysical Processes

    Uploaded by

    vanshv8055
    1) The document describes photophysical processes including fluorescence and phosphorescence using the Jablonski energy diagram. 2) Fluorescence involves emission of light from an excited singlet state (S1) to the ground singlet state (S0) within 10-10-10-8 seconds via a spin-allowed transition. 3) Phosphorescence involves emission of light from an excited triplet state (T1) to the ground singlet state (S0) over a longer time scale of 10-6-10-3 seconds via a spin-forbidden transition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    JABLONSKI ENERGY DIAGRAM

    Fluorescence
    Phosphorescence
    &
    Other Photophysical Processes
    THE FATE OF AN EXCITED MOLECULE

    * A-A or /\-
    [A ] New Products
    hv
    A [A]* -h
    Photo Chemcal Processes
    • New Products
    Molecule Excited v • Rearrangements etc.
    Molecule
    A
    Molecule
    Photo Physical Processes

    A molecule (A) on absorption of desired wavelength of light gets excited to an


    intermediate excited state [A]*. This short lived excited intermediate state has two
    possibilities to undergo to achieve the stability.

    (a) Photochemical Processes – Organic reaction, Rearrangement etc. (Not Part of


    Course)
    (b) Photophysical Processes Explained by Jablonski Energy Diagram
    JABLONSKI ENERGY DIAGRAM
    S3 ISC

    IC T3

    S2 ISC IC

    IC T2

    S1 ISC IC

    Absorption T1

    Phosphorescence
    Fluorescence
    S0
    TERM SYMBOLS FOR PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES
    • For any molecule in ground state, spin quantum number s = ½ - ½ = 0
    • Substituting this value in ground energy state (E0) of molecule as shown below
    (E0 = 2s+1 = (2 × 0) + 1 = 1, represented by S)
    For ground state, this energy state is represented by (S0)
    On absorption of suitable energy, one of the electrons from molecular orbital gets exited
    to higher energy level with two possible orientations – Parallel or Antiparallel as shown
    below. Possibility -1 : s = ½ - ½ = 0 Possibility - 2 : s = ½ + ½ = 1
    E1 = 2s+1 = (2 × 0) + 1 = 1, (S1) E1 = 2s+1 = (2 × 1) + 1 = 3, (T1)
    Spin Allowed Spin Forbidden
    Transition Transition
    S1 S1 T1

    S0 S0 S0
    Singlet (S1) Excited State Triplet (T1)Excited State
    Ground State
    PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES IN JABLONSKI DIAGRAM
    (Radiative Processes)
    Fluorescence : A process in which an excited molecule comes to ground state,
    from the same spin state (S1 to S0), by releasing energy in the form of light is
    called Fluorescence. As per quantum mechanics, this is an allowed transition
    having a time range of 10-10-10-8s.
    Phosphorescence : A process in which an excited molecule comes to ground
    state, from a different spin state (T1 to S0), by releasing energy in the form of
    light is called Phosphorescence. As per quantum mechanics, this is a
    forbidden transition having a time range of 10-6-10-3s.
    Both “Fluorescence & Phosphorescence” fall under a broad classification of a range of
    well known radiative processes known as Luminescence. The scope of present course
    covers only above mentioned two processes.
    PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES IN JABLONSKI DIAGRAM
    (Non-radiative Processes)
    APPLICATIONS OF FLUORESCENCE AND PHOSPHORESCENCE
     Applied in Fluorescent lamps (LED).

     Spectroscopy/chemical sensors: To determine concentration of analyte to very low detection limit, upto ppb/ppt
    level.

     Useful for many biological applications such as fluorescent labeling and pharmaceutical applications.

     Forensic applications

     As materials for display electronic devices


    SUMMARY OF ALL PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES
    JABLONSKI ENERGY DIAGRAM

    Photophysical Process Lifetime Scale Types of Transition

    Absorption or Excitation 10-15 s S0  Sn state


    Radiative, Spin allowed
    Internal Conversion (IC) 10-12-10-10 s Sn  Sn-1 state
    Non-radiative, Spin allowed
    Intersystem Crossing (ISC) 10-10-10-9 s Sn  Tn state
    Non-radiative, Spin forbidden
    Fluorescence 10-10-10-8 s S1  S0 state
    Radiative, Spin allowed
    Phosphorescence 10-6-10-3 s T1  S0 state
    Radiative, Spin forbidden
    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FLUORESCENCE & PHOSPHORESCENCE

    Fluorescence Phosphorescence

    Fluorescence is the absorption of energy by atoms or Phosphorescence is the absorption of energy by atoms
    molecules followed by immediate emission of light or or molecules followed by delayed emission of
    electromagnetic radiation. electromagnetic radiation
    Fluorescence is fast process. Lifetime is short compared Phosphorescence is delayed process. Lifetime is much
    to phosphorescence longer compared to fluorescence
    Emission wavelength of fluorescence observed at Emission wavelength of phosphorescence observed at
    shorter wavelength compared to phosphorescence longer wavelength compared to fluorescence

    S1  S0 state, Spin Allowed Transition T1  S0 state, Spin Forbidden Transition


    Fluorescence is observed in solids, liquids. Phosphorescence is observed only in solids.

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