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Computing1 Unit4 ArrayConcept

This document introduces arrays in Java. It discusses that arrays are data structures that store a collection of data of the same type, and each element has a numeric index. It describes how to declare and initialize array variables, including creating arrays using the new operator and specifying the size. The document also covers finding the length of an array, initializing array elements using a for loop or shorthand notation, and how passing an array to a method passes a reference to the array rather than a copy of it. Changes to the array within the method will be reflected outside of it.

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59 views

Computing1 Unit4 ArrayConcept

This document introduces arrays in Java. It discusses that arrays are data structures that store a collection of data of the same type, and each element has a numeric index. It describes how to declare and initialize array variables, including creating arrays using the new operator and specifying the size. The document also covers finding the length of an array, initializing array elements using a for loop or shorthand notation, and how passing an array to a method passes a reference to the array rather than a copy of it. Changes to the array within the method will be reflected outside of it.

Uploaded by

api-26781128
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 4

Prepared by : Ng Mee Mee


Learning Objectives

 Introducing Arrays
 Declaring Array Variables, Creating Arrays,
and Initializing Arrays
 Passing Arrays to Methods
Introducing Arrays
Array is a data structure that represents a collection of the
same types of data.
The entire array Each value has a numeric index
has a single name

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

scores 79 87 94 82 67 98 87 81 74 91

An array of size N is indexed from zero to N-1

This array holds 10 values that are indexed from 0 to 9


Introducing Arrays, cont
 A particular value in an array is referenced using the array name
followed by the index in brackets
 For example, the expression

scores[2]

refers to the value 94 (the 3rd value in the array)


 That expression represents a place to store a single integer and
can be used wherever an integer variable can be used
Introducing Arrays,cont
 For example, an array element can be assigned a
value, printed, or used in a calculation:
scores[2] = 89;
scores[first] = scores[first] + 2;
mean = (scores[0] + scores[1])/2;
System.out.println ("Top = " +
scores[5]);
Introducing Arrays,cont
 The values held in an array are called array elements
 An array stores multiple values of the same type (the element
type)
 The element type can be a primitive type or an object reference
 Therefore, we can create an array of integers, or an array of
characters, or an array of String objects, etc.
 In Java, the array itself is an object
 Therefore the name of the array is a object reference variable,
and the array itself must be instantiated
Declaring Array Variables
 Syntax to declare an array varaible:
 dataType[] arrayName;
Or
 dataType arrayName[];//this style is
correct , but not preferred

Example:
double[] myList;
or
double myList[];
Creating Arrays
 Using new operator to create an array
arrayName = new dataType[arraySize];
 It creates an array using new dataType[arraySize]

 Ir assigns the reference of the newly created array to the


variable arrayName

 Example:
double[] myList = new double[10];

 myList[0] references the first element in the array.


 myList[9] references the last element in the array.
Creating Arrays, cont

double[] myList = new double[10];

myList reference myList[0] 5.6


myList[1] 4.5
myList[2] 3.3 Element value
Array myList[3] 13.2
reference myList[4] 4
variable myList[5] 34.33
myList[6] 34
Array element at myList[7] 45.45
index 5 myList[8] 99.993
myList[9] 11123
Declaring and Creating
in One Step
 datatype[] arrayname = new
datatype[arraySize];
double[] myList = new double[10];

 datatype arrayname[] = new


datatype[arraySize];
double myList[] = new double[10];
The Length of Arrays
 Once an array is created, its size is fixed. It
cannot be changed. You can find its size
using

arrayVariable.length

For example,
myList.length returns 10
Example: The Length of
Arrays
public class ArrayLength{
public static void main(String[] args){
double[ ] myList=new double[10];
System.out.println(myList.length);
System.out.println(myList[9]);
}
}
Initializing Arrays
 Using a loop:
for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++)
myList[i] = i;

 Declaring, creating, initializing in one step:


double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};

This shorthand syntax must be in one statement.


Example: Initializing Arrays Using a for
loop
public class ArrayLength{
public static void main(String[] args){
double[ ] myList=new double[10];

for(int i=0; i < myList.length; i++){


myList[i] =i;
System.out.println(myList[i]);
}
System.out.println("the last element of myList is
" + myList[9]);
}
}
Example: Declaring, creating, initializing in one
step
public class ArrayLength{
public static void main(String[] args){
double[ ] myList={1.9,2.9,3.4,3.5};
for(int i=0; i < myList.length; i++){
System.out.println(myList[i]);

}
}
}
Declaring, creating, initializing
Using the Shorthand Notation
double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};

This shorthand notation is equivalent to the


following statements:
double[] myList = new double[4];
myList[0] = 1.9;
myList[1] = 2.9;
myList[2] = 3.4;
myList[3] = 3.5;
Example: Declares, creates, and initializes
the array myList with 4 elements
public class ArrayLength{
public static void main(String[] args){
double[] myList=new double[4];
myList[0] = 1.9;
myList[1] = 2.9;
myList[2] = 3.4;
myList[3] = 3.5;
for(int i=0; i < myList.length; i++){
System.out.println(myList[i]);

}
}
}
Passing Arrays to Methods
  Java uses pass by value to pass parameters 
to a method. There are important 
differences between passing a value of 
variables of primitive data types and 
passing arrays.
  For a parameter of a primitive type 
value, the actual value is passed. 
Changing the value of the local parameter 
inside the method does not affect the 
value of the variable outside the method.
  For a parameter of an array type, the 
value of the parameter contains a 
reference to an array; this reference is 
passed to the method. Any changes to the 
array that occur inside the method body 
Example: Passing Arrays to
Methods
public class ArrayLength{
public static void main(String[ ] args){
double[ ] myList=new double[4];
myList[0] = 1.9;
myList[1] = 2.9;
myList[2] = 3.4;
myList[3] = 3.5;
printArray(myList);
}
public static void printArray(double[ ] myList){
for(int i=0; i < myList.length; i++){

System.out.println(myList[i]);

}
}
}
Example: Pass by Value
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args){
int x =1; // x repersents an int values
int[] y = new int[10]; // y represents an array of int values

m(x,y); //invoke m with argunment x and y


System.out.println("x is " + x);
System.out.println("y[0] is " + y[0]);
}
public static void m(int number, int[] numbers){
number=1001;//assign a new value to number
numbers[0]=5555;//assign a new value to numbers[0]

}
}

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