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    12 2 1A Group с Решением

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    salikoffernar
    The document discusses group 1 elements (alkali metals) including their properties and examples of compounds. It describes how alkali metals have one valence electron and form +1 ions, and how they react vigorously with oxygen, halogens, sulfur, and water producing oxides, halides, sulfides, and hydroxides respectively. Examples of important alkali metal compounds are also provided such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, and sodium carbonate.

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    12 2 1A Group с Решением

    Uploaded by

    salikoffernar
    17 views12 pages
    The document discusses group 1 elements (alkali metals) including their properties and examples of compounds. It describes how alkali metals have one valence electron and form +1 ions, and how they react vigorously with oxygen, halogens, sulfur, and water producing oxides, halides, sulfides, and hydroxides respectively. Examples of important alkali metal compounds are also provided such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, and sodium carbonate.

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    12 2 1A Group с Решением (1)

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    The document discusses group 1 elements (alkali metals) including their properties and examples of compounds. It describes how alkali metals have one valence electron and form +1 ions, and how they react vigorously with oxygen, halogens, sulfur, and water producing oxides, halides, sulfides, and hydroxides respectively. Examples of important alkali metal compounds are also provided such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, and sodium carbonate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views12 pages

    12 2 1A Group с Решением

    Uploaded by

    salikoffernar
    The document discusses group 1 elements (alkali metals) including their properties and examples of compounds. It describes how alkali metals have one valence electron and form +1 ions, and how they react vigorously with oxygen, halogens, sulfur, and water producing oxides, halides, sulfides, and hydroxides respectively. Examples of important alkali metal compounds are also provided such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, and sodium carbonate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Homework (until 3.

    12)
    1. How many grams of magnesium sample that is 40% pure are needed
    to fill a 44,8 L balloon with hydrogen gas at STP?(120)
    Mg(s) + HCI(aq) → MgCI2(aq) + H2(g)
    2. When 30.93 g of ore containing iron (II) carbonate reacts with an
    excess amount of hydrochloric acid, 4.48 liters of carbon dioxide were
    released. Determine the mass percentage of impurities in the ore.(25)
    3. After heating 400 g of sodium nitrate, 33.6 liters of oxygen were
    obtained. What is the mass percentage of impurities in the saltpeter?
    (36.25)
    NaNO3(s) → NaNO2(s) + O2(g)
    GROUP 1 ELEMENTS AND THEIR
    COMPOUNDS.
    The elements of group 1, except hydrogen, are called alkali metals.

    • 2Li - 2)1 They have one valence electron and form +1 charged ions

    • 11Na – 2)8)1
    • 19K – 2)8)8)1 Alkali metals are the most active metals. It’s
    prohibited to touch metals with bare hands
    • 37Rb - 2)8)18)8)1
    • 55Cs - 2)8)18)18)8)1
    • 87Fr – 2)8)18)32)32)8)1

    Cs is the most active metal. Why not Fr ?

    All alkali metals are soft and can be cut with a knife.
    They are not found in a free metallic form. Alkali metals are found
    only in the form of compounds.

    • Pure alkali
    metals produced
    by chemical
    methods oxidize
    easily, so they
    need to be
    stored under oil
    or kerosene.

    NaNO3 Chile saltpeter KNO3 Indian saltpeter


    Na2SO4*10H2O Glauber salt
    Na2CO3 Washing soda
    Chemical Properties
    1. Reaction with oxygen
    Excess Limited
    4Li(s) + O2(g) → 2Li2O(s) Lithium oxide 4Li(s) + O2(g) → 2Li2O(s)
    2Na(s) + O2(g) → Na2O2(s) Sodium peroxide 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
    K(s) + O2(g) → KO2(g) Potassium superoxide 4K(s) + O2(g) → 2K2O(g)
    Rb(s) + O2(g) → RbO2(g) 4Rb(s) + O2(g) → 2Rb2O(g)
    Cs(s) + O2(g) → CsO2(g) 4Cs(s) + O2(g) → 2Cs2O(g)
    Chemical Properties
    1. Reaction with halogens

    • All of them react with halogens to form alkali halides (salts of alkali
    metals
    • 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)

    Give you example


    Chemical Properties
    • 3.Reaction with sulfur

    They form sulfides in reaction with sulfur:


    2Na(s) + S(s) → Na2S(s)

    Give you example


    Chemical Properties
    • 4. Reaction with water
    They react with water and produce bases:
    2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

    Give you example


    Basic oxides and hydroxides

    • Oxides and hydroxides of alkali metals are basic. They react with acids
    and form salts:
    • Na2O(s) + 2HCl(s) → 2NaCl(s) + H2O(s)
    • 2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

    Give you example


    Homework (until 7.12)
    • How many grams of hydrogen gas H2 are produced when 0.7 g of
    lithium react with water ?

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