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    History of Architecture - Egypt

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    Yehya Bachir
    The document discusses the history of architecture from ancient times. It describes how architecture began as fulfilling basic human needs for shelter and protection. It then discusses ancient Egyptian architecture in depth, highlighting how the Egyptians built pyramids, temples, and other structures. The pyramids in particular served as burial places for kings, with interior chambers and passages leading to hidden underground burial rooms. Egyptian architecture was characterized by post and lintel construction and other features like mastabas, obelisks, and pylons.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    History of Architecture - Egypt

    Uploaded by

    Yehya Bachir
    9 views17 pages
    The document discusses the history of architecture from ancient times. It describes how architecture began as fulfilling basic human needs for shelter and protection. It then discusses ancient Egyptian architecture in depth, highlighting how the Egyptians built pyramids, temples, and other structures. The pyramids in particular served as burial places for kings, with interior chambers and passages leading to hidden underground burial rooms. Egyptian architecture was characterized by post and lintel construction and other features like mastabas, obelisks, and pylons.

    Original Title

    History of Architecture_Egypt

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    The document discusses the history of architecture from ancient times. It describes how architecture began as fulfilling basic human needs for shelter and protection. It then discusses ancient Egyptian architecture in depth, highlighting how the Egyptians built pyramids, temples, and other structures. The pyramids in particular served as burial places for kings, with interior chambers and passages leading to hidden underground burial rooms. Egyptian architecture was characterized by post and lintel construction and other features like mastabas, obelisks, and pylons.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views17 pages

    History of Architecture - Egypt

    Uploaded by

    Yehya Bachir
    The document discusses the history of architecture from ancient times. It describes how architecture began as fulfilling basic human needs for shelter and protection. It then discusses ancient Egyptian architecture in depth, highlighting how the Egyptians built pyramids, temples, and other structures. The pyramids in particular served as burial places for kings, with interior chambers and passages leading to hidden underground burial rooms. Egyptian architecture was characterized by post and lintel construction and other features like mastabas, obelisks, and pylons.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    The Story of

    Architecture
    Introduction
    Architectural history is the discipline that records, studies and
    interprets architecture. It studies its forms, purposes, and most
    importantly its evolution.
    Building – A Basic need and a social act
    ⬗ Long ago, the Greeks gave the ancient
    master builder the name (architekton), from
    which the Romans derived the Latin name,
    architectus.
    ⬗ Both words literally mean “master-
    builder”—as denoting one responsible for
    the design and construction of the built
    environment.
    ⬗ Architecture was considered the “mother”
    of the visual arts.
    3
    Unlike all other forms of art, the primary
    aim of architecture was to fulfill the basic
    human need for security. Buildings provided
    protection from the weather and wild
    animals. Thus it is almost impossible to
    escape the evidence of building activity
    wherever people lived.

    4
    Building – A Basic need and a social act
    ⬗ The beginnings of architecture can be traced back
    to the days of the caveman. Prehistoric
    architecture can be traced back to early man living
    in caves and tents.

    5
    Spiritual and intellectual needs also have a
    role to play when it comes to building. “the
    four walls” and “roof” separate a human
    being from his surrounding environment,
    and in doing so, creates something of
    individual human proportions.

    6
    Not all buildings are prestigious affairs
    aiming to impress with their size, volume,
    style and decorative details. However, all
    buildings reflect the spirit of their time.
    It is no accident that religious buildings
    have an important role to play in the history
    of architecture. As history has shown,
    religion fulfills what is possibly man’s most
    important spiritual need.
    1. Architecture – Ancient
    Egypt
    ⬗ Ancient Egyptian architecture is one of the
    most influential civilizations throughout
    history, which developed a vast array of
    diverse structures and great architectural
    monuments including pyramids and temples.
    “
    The Egyptians also built magnificent temples
    and statues which served as places of
    worship. The main architectural relics of the
    old kingdom are the “tombs” which served as
    places of worship.
    11
    The ancient Egyptians are famous for the
    building of the Pyramids. The main reason
    for building pyramids were to serve
    as the burial places of the Egyptian kings.
    Inside the pyramids a sacrificial chambers
    exist where it is always built on the high
    west bank of the Nile above the actual burial
    chamber which was concealed deep in the
    rock.
    At the beginning of the old kingdom, rooms
    with ceilings which could not be supported

    “
    by walls alone were supported by simple
    square piers without bases and capitals.

    During the Pyramid era, these piers were


    replaced by columns with decorations
    inspired by lotus, papyrus and palm trees.

    14
    Egyptian Architectural Characteristics
    ⬗ Egyptian Architecture developed since
    3000 B.C. and characterized by post and
    lintel construction, massive walls
    covered with hieroglyphic and
    pictorial carving, flat roofs, and
    structures such as the Mastaba,
    Obelisk, Pylon and the Pyramids.
    Houses were built of clay or baked
    bricks.
    15
    post and lintel construction
    One of the oldest forms
    of construction in the
    world is the system of
    the post and lintel, in
    which a large horizontal
    piece is supported by
    two vertical pillars. The
    pillars are the post, and
    the horizontal piece is
    the lintel.

    16
    Mastaba
    Mastaba, is a rectangular superstructure of
    ancient Egyptian tombs, built of mud brick
    or, later of stone, with sloping walls and a
    flat roof.
    Mastaba was consist of: Chapel, Offering
    Table, Serdab with Statue of KA,
    Deep shaft descended to the underground
    Burial Chamber that was blockage .

    17

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