Functions, Levels of MGMT

MGMT & LDRSHIP
Maj Nighat Ara

RN,RM,W/A,T/A,BSN,MCC
1
Lecture 2
Management
‘Management is an art of getting things done

through and with the people in formally organized
groups. It is an art of creating an environment in
which people can perform and co-operate towards
attainment of group goals.‘
(Harold Koontz)
Management
Kreitner’s definition of management:
‘Management is a problem-solving process of

effectively achieving organizational objectives
through the efficient use of scarce resources in a
changing environment.’
Importance of Management
• Management is essential for an organized life and is

crucial for the success of any organization.. Good
management is the backbone of successful
organizations. Managing life means getting things done
to achieve life’s objectives and managing an organization
means getting things done with and through other people
to achieve its objectives.
Managers
• People responsible for directing the efforts

aimed at helping organizations achieve
their goals
Characteristics
Brief characteristics of management are:
•Goal-Oriented: Management is focused on achieving

specific objectives and goals. It involves planning,
organizing, and directing resources and efforts toward the
accomplishment of these goals.
•Decision-Making: Managers are responsible for making

important decisions that impact the organization, so they
must possess good judgment and problem-solving abilities.
Cont…
• Coordination: Management involves coordinating the

activities and efforts of individuals and teams to ensure
that they work together efficiently and effectively in
achieving organizational goals.
• Leadership: Effective management often requires
strong leadership skills. Managers must inspire,
motivate, and guide their teams to perform at their best
and contribute to the organization's success.
Cont…
• Adaptability: Successful management involves the

ability to adapt to changing circumstances, Managers
must be flexible and capable of adjusting their strategies
and tactics accordingly.
• Communication: Effective communication is crucial for
managers to convey expectations, provide feedback,
and foster a productive work environment.
Management Functions
• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Leading (Directing)
• Controlling 10
Planning
1.Planning
• Planning involves setting organizational goals, defining strategies, and developing detailed plans to achieve those objectives.
• Goal setting: Establishing clear and specific objectives.
• Strategy development: Identifying the best approach to achieve goals.
• Action plans: Creating detailed plans, check list of tasks, responsibilities, and timelines.
• Resource allocation: Allocating resources such as people, finances, and technology.
Planning provides direction, reduces uncertainty, and ensures resources are used efficiently.
• Definition: Organizing involves arranging resources, tasks, and people to implement the plans effectively.
• Key Tasks:
• Structure design: Creating an organizational structure with defined roles and responsibilities.
• Division of labor: Assigning tasks to individuals or teams.
• Authority and delegation: Defining who has decision-making power and responsibility.
• Coordination: Ensuring different parts of the organization work together.
• Importance: Organizing enables efficient workflow and helps avoid duplication or conflicts.
• Leading:
• Definition: Leading, also known as directing or influencing, involves motivating and guiding employees to achieve organizational objectives.
• Key Tasks:
• Leadership: Providing vision and direction to the team.
• Motivation: Encouraging employees to perform at their best.
• Communication: Sharing information, expectations, and feedback.
• Conflict resolution: Addressing issues and disputes within the team.
• Importance: Effective leadership fosters a positive work culture and inspires employees to excel.
• Controlling:
• Definition: Controlling focuses on monitoring performance, comparing it to established goals, and taking corrective actions when necessary.
• Key Tasks:
• Performance measurement: Using key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess progress.
• Evaluation: Analyzing data to determine if objectives are being met.
• Feedback and adjustments: Providing feedback and making changes as needed.
• Quality assurance: Ensuring products or services meet established standards.
• Importance: Controlling helps maintain consistency and ensures that the organization stays on track.
• Conclude your presentation by emphasizing that effective management involves a dynamic and iterative process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling to achieve
organizational success. Each function plays a critical role in achieving and maintaining high performance and competitiveness.
Organizing
2. Organizing
• Organizing involves arranging resources, tasks, and people to implement

the plans effectively.
– Structure design: Creating an organizational structure with defined
roles and responsibilities.
– Division of labor: Assigning tasks to individuals or teams.
– Authority and delegation: Defining who has decision-making power

and responsibility.
– Coordination: Ensuring different parts of the organization work
together.
Organizing enables efficient workflow and helps avoid duplication or conflicts.

Staffing
3. Staffing
• Staffing involves identifying, recruiting, selecting, and retaining

the right people for an organization's roles and responsibilities.
• Staffing also includes tasks such as training, development, and
workforce planning to optimize the human resources within an
organization.
• It ensures that an organization has the necessary talent and skills
to achieve its objectives efficiently and effectively.
4. Commanding
• Commanding also known as leading. directing, involves motivating
and guiding employees to achieve organizational objectives.
– Leadership: Providing vision and direction to the team.
– Motivation: Encouraging employees to perform at their best.
– Communication: Sharing information, expectations, and

feedback.
• Effective leadership fosters a positive work culture and inspires
employees to excel.
Coordinating
• Coordinating is about harmonizing all the activities and

efforts within an organization to avoid conflicts and
duplication of efforts. It ensures that different
departments and individuals work together efficiently.
Coordination involves communication, cooperation, and
the resolution of conflicts to achieve unity of action.
5. Controlling
• Controlling focuses on monitoring performance, comparing it to established

goals, and taking corrective actions when necessary.
– Performance measurement: Using key performance indicators (KPIs)
to assess progress.
– Evaluation: Analyzing data to determine if objectives are being met.
– Feedback : Providing feedback and making changes as needed.
– Quality assurance: Ensuring products or services meet established

standards.
• Controlling helps maintain consistency and ensures that the organization
stays on track.
• Management serves several crucial functions within an
organization to ensure its success. it involves planning,
where managers set goals, devise strategies, and
establish a roadmap for the organization's future.
Management encompasses organizing, which involves
structuring tasks, roles, and resources to achieve those
goals effectively. Managers lead and motivate
employees, providing guidance, support, and inspiration
to foster productivity and teamwork Management
involves controlling processes by monitoring
performance, comparing it to goals, and making
necessary adjustments.
• As A Manager, you have to set clearly-defined goals for production,
hire the right people for your team and monitor progress to mitigate
errors. from the planning stage to the controlling stage, You have to
work with your team to maintain quality standards.
Leading a team isn’t a walk in the park because you have to
accommodate different work styles, personalities and
skillsets. Functions of management highlight essential skills that
every manager needs to supervise, coordinate and communicate
with their teams. As a good manager, you need to have the right
insight to understand who you’re working with and how you can use
their abilities for the greater good of the organization.
Levels of Management
• "Levels of Management" designates a boundary that

separates different managerial positions within an
organization.. The number of levels in management
increases when the size of the business and work force
increases and vice versa.
• The level of management determines a chain of
command, the amount of authority & status enjoyed by
any managerial position.
• The levels of management can be classified in
three broad categories:
1. Top level/Administrative level ( Stretegic)
2. Middle level/ (Tactical)
3. Low level/Supervisory/First-line managers

(Operational manager)
Levels of management
Top/Administrative Level
Management
Top-level management, also known as senior
management or executive management, is responsible for
making high-level strategic decisions that affect the entire
organization.
• Responsibilities: Setting organizational goals,
defining the mission and vision, formulating policies and
strategies, allocating resources, and establishing long-term
plans.
• Examples: CEO (Chief Executive Officer), Board of
directors, CFO (Chief Financial Officer), COO (Chief
Operating Officer), President, Chairman etc.
Middle
level management
• Middle-level management serves as a bridge between top-level
and lower-level management. They translate high-level strategies
into actionable plans.
• Responsibilities: Implementing strategies, supervising
department heads, coordinating activities within their departments,
setting departmental goals, and managing resources at a
departmental level.
• Examples: Department Head, Division Manager, Regional
Manager, Plant Manager etc.
Supervisory/Operative, Front-
line managers
• Front-line managers are responsible for the day-to-day
operations of specific teams or departments.
• Responsibilities: Directing and supervising

employees, assigning tasks, ensuring work is completed
efficiently, solving immediate problems, and reporting to
middle management.
• Titles: Supervisor, Team Leader, Shift Manager,

section manager, Foreperson etc.
Non-Management Employees:
• These employees do not hold management positions

but are crucial for executing tasks and activities that
contribute to the organization's goals.
• Responsibilities: Carrying out their assigned tasks,
following instructions, and contributing to the
achievement of departmental and organizational
objectives.

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MGMT & LDRSHIP

Maj Nighat Ara

‘Management is an art of getting things done

Kreitner’s definition of management:

‘Management is a problem-solving process of

• Management is essential for an organized life and is

• People responsible for directing the efforts

Brief characteristics of management are:

•Goal-Oriented: Management is focused on achieving

•Decision-Making: Managers are responsible for making

• Coordination: Management involves coordinating the

• Adaptability: Successful management involves the

• Organizing involves arranging resources, tasks, and people to implement

– Authority and delegation: Defining who has decision-making power

Organizing enables efficient workflow and helps avoid duplication or conflicts.

• Staffing involves identifying, recruiting, selecting, and retaining

– Motivation: Encouraging employees to perform at their best.

– Communication: Sharing information, expectations, and

• Coordinating is about harmonizing all the activities and

• Controlling focuses on monitoring performance, comparing it to established

– Feedback : Providing feedback and making changes as needed.

– Quality assurance: Ensuring products or services meet established

• "Levels of Management" designates a boundary that

1. Top level/Administrative level ( Stretegic)

2. Middle level/ (Tactical)

3. Low level/Supervisory/First-line managers

• Responsibilities: Directing and supervising

• Titles: Supervisor, Team Leader, Shift Manager,

• These employees do not hold management positions

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