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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Workshop Safety State of being safe is called safety or you can say safety is the freedom from danger.
Safety is everyone’s business.
From maintenance point of view safety can be divided
into two types: Safety at the workplace Safety taken by the personnel SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Cleanliness is essential key to safety and safe
maintenance.
Orderly work arrangements and cleanliness should be
observed during any maintenance work. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Each and every hazards or danger should be properly marked or painted with distinctive color and signs as attention getter.
This is a safety measure to prevent accidents
Location of first aid as well as fire point should also be
properly marked. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Safety is a general term and has a broad meaning and can be explained in detail.
1- Safety related to use of tools.
Hammers SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Safety Around Electricity:
WHY IS IT SO IMPORTANT TO WORK SAFELY
WITH OR NEAR ELECTRICITY? SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The voltage and the available electrical current in
regular businesses and homes has enough power to cause death by electrocution.
Even changing a light bulb without unplugging the
lamp can be hazardous because coming in contact with the "hot", "energized" or "live" part of the socket could kill a person. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW ABOUT ELECTRICITY?
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
All electrical systems have the potential to cause
harm.
Electricity can be either "static" or "dynamic."
Dynamic electricity is the uniform motion of electrons
through a conductor (this is known as electric current). SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Conductors are materials that allow the movement of electricity through it.
Most metals are conductors. The human body is also a
conductor.
Static electricity is accumulation of charge on surfaces
as a result of contact and friction with another surface.
Electric current cannot exist without an unbroken path
to and from the conductor. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
What kinds of injuries result from electrical currents?
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
People are injured when they become part of the
electrical circuit.
Humans are more conductive than the earth (the
ground we stand on) which means if there is no other easy path, electricity will try to flow through our bodies. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS There are four main types of injuries: 1- Electrocution (fatal), 2- Electric shock, 3- Burns, 4- falls.
These injuries can happen in various ways:
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Direct contact with exposed energized conductors or circuit parts. When electrical current travels through our bodies, it can interfere with the normal electrical signals between the brain and our muscles (e.g., heart may stop beating properly, breathing may stop, or muscles may spasm). When the electricity arcs (jumps, or "arcs") from an exposed energized conductor or circuit part (e.g., overhead power lines) through a gas (such as air) to a person who is grounded (that would provide an alternative route to the ground for the electrical current). SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Thermal burns including burns from heat generated by an electric arc, and flame burns from materials that catch on fire from heating or ignition by electrical currents or an electric arc flash. Contact burns from being shocked can burn internal tissues while leaving only very small injuries on the outside of the skin.
Thermal burns from the heat radiated from an electric
arc flash. Ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light emitted from the arc flash can also cause damage to the eyes. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS An arc blast can include a potential pressure wave released from an arc flash. This wave can cause physical injuries, collapse your lungs, or create noise that can damage hearing.
Muscle contractions, or a startle reaction, can cause a
person to fall from a ladder, scaffold or aerial bucket. The fall can cause serious injuries. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
What are some general safety tips for working
with or near electricity? SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Inspect portable cord-and-plug connected equipment, extension cords, power bars, and electrical fittings for damage or wear before each use. Repair or replace damaged equipment immediately.
Always tape extension cords to walls or floors when
necessary. Do not use nails and staples because they can damage extension cords and cause fire and shocks.
Use extension cords or equipment that is rated for the
level of amperage or wattage that you are using. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Always use the correct size fuse. Replacing a fuse with one of a larger size can cause excessive currents in the wiring and possibly start a fire.
Be aware that unusually warm or hot outlets or cords may
be a sign that unsafe wiring conditions exists. Unplug any cords or extension cords from these outlets and do not use until a qualified electrician has checked the wiring.
Always use ladders made with non-conductive side rails
(e.g., fibreglass) when working with or near electricity or power lines. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Place halogen lights away from combustible materials
such as cloths or curtains. Halogen lamps can become very hot and may be a fire hazard.
Risk of electric shock is greater in areas that are wet or
damp. Install Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) /ELCB as they will interrupt the electrical circuit before a current sufficient to cause death or serious injury occurs. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Make sure that exposed receptacle boxes are made of non-conductive materials.
Know where the panel and circuit breakers are located
in case of an emergency.
Label all circuit breakers and fuse boxes clearly. Each
switch should be positively identified as to which outlet or appliance it is for. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Do not use outlets or cords that have exposed wiring.
Do not block access to panels and circuit breakers or
fuse boxes.
Do not touch a person or electrical apparatus in the
event of an electrical incident. Always disconnect the power source first. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHAT IS A SAMPLE CHECKLIST FOR BASIC ELECTRICAL SAFETY?
Inspect Cords and Plugs:
Check extension cords and plugs daily. Do not use, and discard cords and plugs if they are worn or damaged. Have any extension cord that feels more than comfortably warm checked by an electrician.
Eliminate Octopus Connections:
Do not plug several items into one outlet. Pull the plug, not the cord. Do not disconnect power supply by pulling or jerking the cord from the outlet. Pulling the cord causes wear and may cause a shock. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Never Break OFF the Third Prong on a Plug: Replace broken 3-prong plugs and make sure the third prong is properly grounded.
Never Use Extension Cords as Permanent Wiring:
Use extension cords only to temporarily supply power to an area that does not have a power outlet. Keep extension cords away from heat, water and oil. They can damage the insulation and cause a shock. Do not allow vehicles to pass over unprotected extension cords. Extension cords should be put in protective wireway, conduit, pipe or protected by placing planks alongside them. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Over all: To safely deal with electricity, the technician must have a working knowledge of the principles of electricity, and a healthy respect for its capability to do both work and damage. Two factors that affect safety when dealing with electricity are fear and overconfidence. These two factors are major causes of accidents involving electricity SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Certain amount of respect for electrical equipment is healthy and a certain level of confidence is necessary, extremes of either can be deadly.
Lack of respect is often due to lack of knowledge.
Overconfidence leads to risk taking.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Wear or use proper safety equipment to provide psychological assurance and physically protect one self.
The use of rubber gloves, safety glasses, rubber or
grounded safety mats, and other safety equipment contributes to the physiological safety .