of Eolis

ANCIENT LIBRARIES
AND HISTORY OF
LIBRARIES
By ; MUHAMMAD WAQAR ABBASI

DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY INFORMATION SCIENCE & AND
ARCHIVE STUDIES
STUDENT OF BS PART II
OUTLINE
1) HOW TO WRITE HISTORY IN EXAM
2) ANCIENT LIBRARIES
3) LIBRARIES IN MUSLIM ERA
4) LIBRARIES IN ROMAN ERA
5) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
6) ANCIENT, TRADITIONAL,AND MODRAN LIBRARIES
1) HOW TO WRITE HISTORY EXAM
There are same points we discuss about how to write histor paper or exam.
Tips and guide 👇
1 ) Origin of the topic

2 ) Introduction of the topic
3 ) Date must remember for the topic
4 ) Body of topic
5 ) Conclusion
2) ANCIENT LIBRARIES
 1 ASHURBANIPAL Library
 The Ashurbanipal Library was a super cool ancient library in Nineveh, Iraq. It was
named after King Ashurbanipal of the Assyrian Empire. It had a massive collection of
around 30,000 clay tablets with writings on various subjects like literature, history,
and science. The library was a treasure trove of knowledge from the ancient world.
It’s considered one of the earliest known libraries in history. Unfortunately, the
library was destroyed in the 7th century BCE. But its legacy lives on, reminding us of
the importance of preserving and sharing knowledge! 📚✨
 2) ALEXANDERA Library
 The Library of Alexandria was an epic library in ancient Egypt, founded by
Alexander the Great. It was a hub of knowledge, with a massive collection of scrolls
and manuscripts from all over the ancient world. Scholars, philosophers, and
scientists would gather there to exchange ideas and learn from each other. It’s
believed that the library housed hundreds of thousands of scrolls, making it the
largest library of its time. Sadly, the library was destroyed over time, and its exact
location remains a mystery. But its legacy as a symbol of intellectual pursuit and
discovery lives on! 📚✨
 3) Pergamum Library
 The Pergamum Library, also known as the Library of Pergamum, was another
remarkable ancient library. It was located in the city of Pergamum, in
present-day Turkey. The library was known for its impressive collection of
parchment scrolls, which were considered a rival to the Library of Alexandria.
It played a significant role in preserving and advancing knowledge during the
Hellenistic period. Unfortunately, like many ancient libraries, the Pergamum
Library was eventually destroyed, but its impact on the spread of knowledge
and learning is still remembered today! 📚✨
3) LIBRARIES IN MUSLIM ERA
 During the Muslim era, libraries played a crucial role in the preservation and
advancement of knowledge. Islamic civilization had a deep appreciation for
learning and scholarship, which led to the establishment of numerous
libraries. One of the most famous libraries during this time was the Bayt al-
Hikmah, or House of Wisdom, in Baghdad. It served as a center for
translation, research, and the preservation of ancient texts. Islamic libraries
also emphasized the collection of manuscripts and books on various subjects,
including science, medicine, philosophy, and literature. These libraries
became important hubs for scholars and intellectuals to exchange ideas and
contribute to the growth of knowledge.
4) LIBRARIES IN ROMAN ERA
 Libraries in the Roman era had a rich history. The Romans were known for
their love of knowledge and learning, and they established various libraries
throughout their empire. One of the most famous libraries was the Library of
Alexandria, which we discussed earlier. It was a magnificent center of
knowledge and attracted scholars from all over the ancient world. In addition
to the Library of Alexandria, the Romans built libraries in major cities like
Rome, Ephesus, and Pergamum. These libraries housed a wide range of texts,
including historical records, philosophical works, and literary masterpieces.
They were important institutions for education and intellectual pursuits. The
Roman era truly left a lasting legacy in the world of libraries! 📚✨
5) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
 the Library of Congress is an amazing place, It’s the largest library in the
world, located in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The Library of
Congress has a vast collection of books, manuscripts, maps, photographs,
recordings, and more. In fact, it’s estimated to have over 170 million items in
its collection! It’s truly a treasure trove of knowledge and history. The library
serves as a research institution and provides access to its collection for
scholars, researchers, and the general public. It’s definitely a must-visit for
anyone interested in exploring the world of books and information!
6) ANCIENT, TRADITIONAL AND
MODRAN LIBRARIES
Let’s compare ancient, traditional, and modern libraries.
Ancient libraries, like the Library of Alexandria, were centers of knowledge in their time. They focused on
preserving important texts and attracting scholars from all over the world. These libraries played a crucial
role in the advancement of knowledge during their era.
Traditional libraries, which could be found in various historical periods, continued the legacy of ancient
libraries. They were typically physical buildings that housed collections of books and other materials.
Traditional libraries were often community-oriented, providing access to books and resources for education
and research.
Modern libraries, like the Library of Congress, have evolved with technology. They still have physical
collections, but they have also embraced digital resources. Modern libraries offer online access to a vast
array of e-books, articles, and databases. They provide a blend of physical and digital resources to cater to
the changing needs of users.
 Overall, while ancient libraries were the foundations, traditional libraries built upon that legacy, and
modern libraries have adapted to the digital age. Each type of library has its own unique characteristics
and contributions to the world of knowledge and learning.

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ANCIENT LIBRARIES

By ; MUHAMMAD WAQAR ABBASI

1 ) Origin of the topic

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