Lesson 1 - TEXT AS CONNECTED DISCOURSE

TEXT AS CONNECTED
DISCOURSE
Reading and Writing Skills: Lesson 1

Define!
TEXT
is made up
of
VS
DISCOURSE
is the use
of such
sentences. sentences.
Define!
made
TEXT
Connection
Micro-level
sentences
VS
each part of a text
having the
DISCOURSE
up of of Connection of ideas
made up of
Macro-level
whole
utterances
having
as a
property of
the property
grammatical
cohesion. of coherence.
Define!
TEXT
defined in
terms of its
being a
VS DISCOURSE
viewed as a
process.
Meaning is derived
physical
Meaning is not through the reader’s
product
found in text. interaction with the
text
DISCOURSE
A discourse is a formal and
A
Extendedverbal expression
Conversation
Either Speech or
often LENGTHY DISCUSSION–
of thought
interchange of
Larger than sentence
OF A TOPIC, where on a
concepts
Written in form!
and insights are
subjectarranged in an
ideas
organized and logical manner.
WHAT ARE THE PURPOSES
OF A DISCOURSE?
Inform
Persuade
Entertain
Factors that may have influence writers in
their claims or arguments
CULTURE
EXPERIENCES
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Types of Discourse
ARGUMENTATION
Aims to persuade the audience or readers.
Appeal to logic or reason instead of

emotion
Types of Discourse
DESCRIPTION
Based on the main impression of the
author about the topic or subject.
The writer describes his or her observations; it

triggers sensory images among readers.
Types of Discourse
EXPOSITION
Aims to inform, clarify, and explain a phenomenon. It defines
what something is and provides an in-depth discussion.
It gives reader instructions on how something is

done.
Types of Discourse
NARRATION
Like storytelling, it recalls events
chronologically.
Its structure may be linear or nonlinear.

Types of Discourse
LITERARY DISCOURSE
focused on creative works, including

nonfiction
it includes texts that are used strictly for business

communication.
Types
Literary Discourse
POETIC
EXPRESSIVE
TRANSACTIONAL
Types of Discourse
ACADEMIC DISCOURSE
is expository or argumentative in nature
uses formal language and the third person point of

view; it maintains an objective tone.
Let’s Do This
Identify the type of discourse presented
A recent study confirmed that playing video games

may cause children to become violent. However, this is
only true for some children. Dr. Charlotte cooper and Dr.
Markey Vitasa of ABC university explained that children
who manifest a combination of three personality traits
high neuroticism, and disagreeableness, are more likely
to be aggressive toward others after playing video
games..
Argumentation
When I first saw my childhood friend

Margarette, she was about my younger sister
Viv s height. Her hair was curly and dark, and
her skin was pale. But what really struck me
when I first saw her was her big round blue
eyes.
Description
How to set up an account

1. Choose the web host.
2. Look for the sign up button. Click it.
3. Provide the required information.
4. Think of a unique username and a password. (Tip:
For the password, type in uppercase or add
characters.)
5. Start using the newly setup account.
Exposition
I remember the time when I learned how to swim. I was

only eight years old and afraid to bathe in a pool.
Whenever my family would visit the clubhouse, I would
sit beside the pool and never really jump in to join them.
A summer camp opened in our neighborhood, and my
mom thought of enrolling my brother and me in a
swimming class. Two days before the class started, my
mom gave me a pep talk; that made me realize that I did
not want to miss out the fun just because I was afraid.
Narration
My heart stumbles upon seeing that photo,

The sight that’s imprinted, I can’t even let go.
The more I tend to forget, the more I remember so,
To insist or to resist, just don’t know what to do.
Literary Discourse (Poetic)

Hi, Mom! Sorry I only checked my email now. It has

been crazy lately. I have been working on several
course requirements since last week. How are you
and Dad? Please tell him I said hi and I miss him.
Anyway, I got accepted for internship in an
accounting firm. Can you believe it? Finally! My
internship starts this October. I will let you know
about the details soon.
Literary Discourse (Expressive)
Good day! I apologized for the delayed response. The art

event will be held on the 16th of July. To get to the venue,
turn left from the mall. You will see a drugstore in the
corner. Turn right after two blocks. You will find a low-
rise building beside a bank. Go inside and inform the
receptionist that you are one of the participants. Do not
forget to bring a proof of identification. The venue is
located on the third floor.
Literary Discourse (Transactional)
Salt has long held an important place in religion and culture. Greek
worshippers consecrated salt in their rituals. On the Sabbath, people of
the Jewish faith still dip their bread in salt as a remembrance of those
sacrifices.
In the catholic church, salt is or has been used in the variety of
purification rituals. In fact, until Vatican II, salt was placed on a baby’s lip
at his or her baptism.
In Buddhist tradition, salt repels evil spirits, which is why it is
customary to throw salt over your shoulder before entering your house
after a funeral: it scares off any evil spirits that may be clinging at your
back.
Exposition
I shall be telling this with a sigh,

Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood,
and I I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
Literary Discourse (Poetic)

WHAT MAKES WHEN
TEXT A WE
CONNECTED READ
DISCOURSE?
WHAT IS READING?
is a cognitive process
of decoding symbols
to derive meaning
from a text.
WHAT IS READING?
We read to gain and
share information
and ideas, whether
Interaction for academic,
personal, or
professional
purposes
EFFECTIVE READING
PREVIEWING
STRATEGIES
Looking at the readily

visible parts of the text.
EFFECTIVE READING
SKIMMING
STRATEGIES
you look for the main

point of the reading and
identify the ideas that
develop it.
EFFECTIVE READING
SCANNING
STRATEGIES
looking for specific

information.

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TEXT AS CONNECTED

Reading and Writing Skills: Lesson 1

Aims to persuade the audience or readers.

Appeal to logic or reason instead of

The writer describes his or her observations; it

It gives reader instructions on how something is

Its structure may be linear or nonlinear.

focused on creative works, including

it includes texts that are used strictly for business

is expository or argumentative in nature

uses formal language and the third person point of

A recent study confirmed that playing video games

When I first saw my childhood friend

How to set up an account

I remember the time when I learned how to swim. I was

My heart stumbles upon seeing that photo,

Literary Discourse (Poetic)

Hi, Mom! Sorry I only checked my email now. It has

Good day! I apologized for the delayed response. The art

I shall be telling this with a sigh,

Literary Discourse (Poetic)

Looking at the readily

you look for the main

looking for specific

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