Beliefs and Practices

of Islam
Concept of Ibadat

 “I have not created the Jinns and Insaan (humankind) for any other purpose except
that they worship me.” (Al-Quran)
 Meaning of Ibadat – servant, slave. Ibadat means servitude or slavery
 Islamic Philosophy on Ibadat – Serving God and complete obedience to Him
throughout life and in all circumstances.
 Salah/Nimaz
 Roza/Saum
 Zakat
 Hajj
 Jihad
 Faith in Oneness of God, finality of prophethood
Categories of Ibadah

 Primary Ibadat – Namaz, Roza etc

 Secondary Ibadat – Charity, Nawafal, Slaughtering of animal etc
 Social Ibadat – Aid, Funeral namaz, amarat etc
 Political Ibadat – Etablishment of Islamic State
Pillars of Islam
Shahadah/Tauheed (BELIEF & PILLAR)

 NO GOD BUT ALLAH

 “I bear witness that there is no God but Allah, He has no partner and I bear witness that
Muhammad (SAW) is His slave and messenger.”
 Allah is ONE
 “Verily your Allah is One! (Saffat 37:4)
 He is the only Lord of everything
 “Lord of the Heavens and the Earth and all between them…” (37:5)
 Allah is the First and the Last. Nothing comes after or before Him
 “He is the First and the Last, the Evident and the Imminent.” (Hadid 57:3)
 All worship is for Allah alone.
 “Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him.” (Isra 17:1)
Continued
 Allah hears and sees everything
 “There is nothing whatever like unto Him and He is the One who hears and sees (all things).” (Ashura 42:11)
 Prophet Mohammad (SAW) is only a messenger and mere mortal
 “Mohammad is not the father of any of your men but (he is) the Apostle of Allah and the Seal of the
Prophets.” (Ahzab 33:40)
 Love of Allah is to FOLLOW Mohammad (SAW)
 “Say O Mohammad! If you love Allah, follow me…” (Imran 3:31)
 Surah Ikhlaq as an example of Allah’s traits. No sons, no family.
 The eternal, the absolute.
 The verse of the Throne (Ayat ul Kursi)
Glorification of Allah’s majestic presence.
Omnipotent.
Self Subsistent.
Benefits of Tauheed/Shahadah

On Individual/Spiritual Level Collective/Social Level

  All serving ONE Being. Unity
Belief there is ALWAYS good after bad
 One platform/ Mosque as center
 All worship for ONE deity alone  Piety as ONLY measure of status. Not money
 ONLY to please ONE Creator  Abolish Slavery to man
  Sense of Community. Communication.
Realization of self-worth
 Destroy Egoism
 Submission to Allah’s will
 Allah alone is Saviour Moral Level
 Remembrance of Allah  Belief that Allah ALWAYS gives us what we truly
deserve, NOT always what we want.
 Fear of God  Success and happiness
 Peace and Contentment  Humility
 Abstention from evil
 Punctuality
Namaz/Prayer/Salat

 Meaning: Derived from Arabic word “salah” meaning to pray

 Mentioned more than 100 times in Quran (Tobah, Zikr, Atonement, Inclination, Dua) Most common
“salah”
 Namaz – Persian word meaning Ibadat
 First thing to be asked on Day of Judgement
 Significance:
 Pillar of Islam
 Hallmark for muslims
 Strong adherence to islam
 Cleanse away all sins
 Means for countering troubles and hardships
 Every object in this universe worships God
 Prayer is reality of life
Benefits of Salah

On Individual/Spiritual Level Collective/Social Level

  Unity/brotherhood
Submission to Allah’s will
 One platform/ Mosque as center
 Concentration on Almighty
 Abolishment of Chauvinism
 Building of Character  Abolish Slavery to man
 Remembrance of Allah  Worldly affairs knowledge
 Source of Communication
 Self Respect
 Destroy Egoism
 Fear of God
 Inquiry and investigation Moral Level
 Refrain from indecency and evil  Success and happiness
  Humility
Boldness and courage
 Divine virtues
 Peace and Contentment  Abstention from evil
 Obedience

Quotes for Salat

 “And be diligent in the prayer and pay zakat.” (Al-Quran)

 “Prayer is better than sleep.” (Al-Quran)
 “Indeed those who believe and do righteous deeds are diligent in their prayers.” (Al-Quran)
 According to hadith: Someone asked what is the best deed near God? Hazrat Muhammad (SAW)
replied, ”To offer prayers on time”
 Dr. Hakim Islam: “Prayer is a dividing line between belief and disbelief.”
 Maulana M. Ali: “It is a communion between God and man.”
 “Prayer performed in congregation is 27 times better than the one that is offered alone.” (Muhammad
SAW)
 “Establish Salah, Give Zakat…” (2:43)
 “The believers must eventually be prosperous who are humble in their prayers.” (Al-Mu’minun:1-2)
 “Prayer refrains from indecency and evil…” (Al-Ankabut:45)
 He whose prayer has not restrained him form evil and misdeeds has only increased his distance from
God.” (Muhammad SAW)
Zakat/Charity

 3rd pillar. Obligatory in 2AH

 Mentioned 32 times in the Quran. Except 6 instances, it has always appeared with
Salah.
 Critical principle of Islamic faith.
 System of circulation and re-circulation of wealth in society
 Different from Sadqah
 Certain traits need to be met for Zakat to be obligatory on a muslim
Zakat Obligation Chart (IMP)

Nature Rate Time Threshold

Precious metals and 2.5% Annual Gold – 87.48g

cash Silver – 612.32g
Cash - = to Silver
Agri-produce 10% of arid On every None
5% of self-irrigated yield
Trade-in Stock 2.5% Annual Rs.52000/- or more

Minerals/Buried 20% On every None

wealth yield
Livestock Goat – Every 40 Goats Annual 40 Goats
Camel – Goat/5 camels 5 Camels
Cow – Goat/30 cows 30 Cows
Benefits of Zakat

On Individual/Spiritual Level Collective/Social Level

  Unity in society
Reward with Allah
 Brotherhood is emphasized
 Forgiveness of sins
 Circulation and distribution of wealth
 Building of Character  Understanding suffering of poor
 Fear of God  Spread of wealth
  Rich to poor connection
Reality of life
 Leadership
 Peace and Contentment
 Obedience
Moral Level
 Punctuality  Charity
 Goodwill among people  Connection with right and wrong
 Purification of heart of believer  Softening of heart
 Humility
Quotations for Zakat

 “Take sadaqah (Zakat) fromtheir property in order to purigy and sanctify them.”
(Taubah:103)
 “The parable of those who spend out of their substance in the way of Allah in that
of a grain of corn, it grows seven ears and each ear has a hundred grains.” (2:261)
 “Pay Zakat out of your property, for truly it is a purifier which purifies you.”
(Ahmed)
 HEADS OF ZAKAT (VERY IMPORTANT VERSE)
 “Alms are for the poor and the needy and those employed to administer the funds, and
those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to the truth), and those in bondage
and in debt, and in the cause of Allah, and the wayfarer.” (9:60)
TOTAL 8 HEADS
Saum/Fasting

 Meaning: Abstaining or preventing from eating, drinking and sex

 4th pillar. 2AH Obligatory
 Objectives: feeling of being in service of omnipresent God, accountability, Sabar (patience).
 Pitfalls: Spending money on iftaar, pass time by watching TV, backbiting, spending time with
friends etc, show aggressive attitude and frustration, fasting to show people
 Laws of Fasting: 30 days, Month of Ramzan, dawn to dusk, fast after Ramzan if some are
missed.
 I’tikaaf (seclusion): LAST 10 DAYS of Ramzan. Confine in a room with no social
interaction.
 If a person intentionally broke fast before prescribed time, Holy Prophet (SAW) advised
him to compensate by
 Freeing a slave
 Fasting for 2 months consecutively
 Feed 60 destitute people
Benefits of Fasting

On Individual/Spiritual Level Collective/Social Level

 Reward with Allah  Unity in society
 Forgiveness of sins  Equality
  Source of Communication
Building of Character
  Understanding suffering of poor
Broader Aspect of life
  Leadership
Fear of God
 Reality of life
 Inquiry and investigation Moral Level
 Peace and Contentment  Doing no harm through actions
 Obedience  Encouraging good, forbidding evil
 Punctuality  Helping those people who are less fortunate
 Humility
Quotes for Fasting

 “Fasting has been prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, so
you may learn self-restraint.” (2:183)
 When Ramzan begins, the gates of Jannah are opened and the gates of Hell
closed, and the devil is chained.”
 “…and the best form of Jihad is against one’s own nafs.” (Quran)
 “Whoever does not give up forged speech and evil actions, Allah is not in need of
his leaving food and drink.” (Bukhari)
 “Whoever fasts in the month of Ramazan out of sincere faith and hoping for a
reward from Allah, then all his previous sins shall be forgiven.” (Bukhari)
 “Allah said, “All the deeds of Adam’s sons(people) are for them, except fasting,
which is for Me, and I will give reward for it.” (Agreed)
Pilgrimage/Hajj

 5th pillar of Islam

 Obligatory in 9th AH
 ONLY obligatory for those who can afford the journey and are of good health
 Sums up all the benefits of all the pillars in one go

 Important Note: Please read PERFORMANCE of Hajj prior to exam to know

the steps of Hajj. ONLY asked once since change of syllabus
 Tawaf-e-Qudoom > (8th) Mina > (9th) Arafat > Night @ Muzdalifah > (10th) Rami
Aqabah (7 pebbles) > Tawaf-e-Ifadah > 11th, 12th, 13th, Rami Jamarat > Tawaf-e-Widah
Benefits of Pilgrimage

On Individual/Spiritual Level Collective/Social Level

 Reward with Allah  Unity in society – Same unstitched clothes
  Bringing together different cultures
Forgiveness of sins
  Increase in harmony
Building of Character
 Brotherhood across boundaries
 Broader Aspect of life
 Learning from other people
 Fear of God
 Reality of life
 Inquiry and investigation Moral Level
 Closeness to Allah
 Peace and Contentment
 Understanding of worship in Islam
 Obedience
 Sense of immaterial self existence
 Punctuality
 Humility
Quotations for Pilgrimage

 “Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to Allah, those who can afford the
journey.” (Al-e-Imran 3:97)
 “An accepted pilgrimage has no reward but Paradise.” (Agreed)
 “It is no crime in you if you seek of the bounty of your Lord (during Pilgrimage).”
(Baqarah 2:198)
 “…and let the people circumambulate the Ancient House.” (Hajj 22:29)
 “Hajj is halting at Arafat.” (Tirmidhi)
 “An Umrah in the month of Ramzan is equal (in reward) to a Hajj.” (Ahmed &
Ibn-e-Majah)
Thank you