Research

RESEARCH
PROJECT
COTTON AND
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
OF PAKISTAN.
MAIN
INDUSTRIES
OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan's industrial sector (in FY21) accounts for 28.11% of
the GDP. Of this, manufacturing makes up 12.52%, mining
constitutes 2.18%, construction makes up 2.05%, and
electricity and gas 1.36%. The majority of industry is made up
of textile units, with textiles contributing $15.4b to exports,
making up 56% of total exports. Other units include surgical
instruments, chemicals, and a budding automotive industry.
Pakistan's inadequately developed labor market, unable to
absorb the increasing number of educated workers, has
resulted in a high rate of unemployment among graduates.
COTTON GROWTH
• Cotton production in Pakistan is integral to the
economic development of the country. The nation is
largely dependent on the cotton industry and its
related textile sector, and the crop has been given
a principal status in the country. Cotton is grown as
an industrial crop in 15% of the nation's land during
the monsoon months of April-May, known as the
Kharif period, and is grown at a smaller scale
between February and April. Pakistan occupied the
fourth position among the cotton growers of the
world, the first three being India, China and USA.
DEVELPMENT OF TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
• The textile industry is the largest manufacturing industry in Pakistan
and nearly 25 million people work in this industry.[1][2] Pakistan is
the eighth largest exporter of textile commodities in Asia. Textile
sector contributes 8.5% to the GDP of Pakistan.
• In addition, the sector employs about 45% of the total labor force in
the country (and 38% of the manufacturing workers). Pakistan is the
fourth largest producer of cotton with the third largest spinning
capacity in Asia after China and India and contributes 5% to the
global spinning capacity.[4] At present, there are 1,221 ginning units,
442 spinning units, 124 large spinning units and 425 small units which
produce textile.
• The Government of Pakistan has established a ministry division,
Ministry of Textile Industry division, to administer the textile industry.
In the textile industry alone, it is estimated that around 700,000
individuals have lost their jobs due to the super floods last year and
the ongoing energy and foreign exchange crisis this year.
SIGNIFICANCE OF COTTON AND
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Cotton is a fundamental raw material for

Pakistan's textile industry, which is one
of the largest in the world. The textile
sector plays a vital role in the country's
economy, contributing significantly to
exports and providing employment to a
substantial portion of the population.
STAGES OF COTTON
PRODUCTION
The developmental phases for cotton
can be divided into five main growth
stages: (1) germination and
emergence (2) seedling establishment
(3) leaf area and canopy development
(4) flowering and boll development and
(5) maturation
PROBLEMS FACED BY PAKISTAN
• The country has struggled with pests like cotton bollworm and pink bollworm, which can significantly reduce cotton yields. Additionally,
climate change has led to unpredictable weather patterns and natural disasters like floods and droughts, which can also affect cotton
production.
• Water scarcity is another significant challenge facing Pakistan's cotton industry. The country relies heavily on irrigation systems, which can
be inefficient and expensive, and water resources are often mismanaged. This has resulted in reduced yields and lower-quality cotton.
• Furthermore, the cotton industry in Pakistan has been impacted by issues such as high input costs, limited access to credit, and lack of
government support. These factors can make it difficult for farmers to invest in modern equipment, better seeds, and other inputs needed to
increase yields and improve the quality of cotton.
• In conclusion, the cotton industry in Pakistan faces several challenges, but there are also opportunities for improvement. By addressing
issues such as the lack of modern farming practices and technology, the prevalence of pests and diseases, water scarcity, and limited
government support, the cotton industry in Pakistan can achieve greater success and contribute to the country's economic growth.
Additionally, proper seed management and support from government and private companies can help to improve the quality and yield of
cotton crops in Pakistan.
RESEARCHED BY: HASSAN
IRFAN.

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