Republic of the Philippines

Office of the President

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
Regional Office V
Sorsogon Provincial Office
Capitol Compound, Sorsogon City
 RA 9165
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
Signed
June 7, 2002

Published
June 19, 2002

Took Effect
July 4, 2002
Mandate
Drug Supply Reduction

•Law Enforcement

•Regulatory Compliance

Drug Demand Reduction

Preventive Education and Community Involvement

Programs

The aim is to take away the person from

drugs and reduce his desire to abuse drugs.
Section 42. Students Councils and
Campus Organizations
•All elementary, secondary and
tertiary schools’ student councils
and campus organizations shall
include in their activities a program
for the prevention and deterrence in
the use of dangerous drugs and
referral for treatment and
rehabilitation of students for drug
dependence.
Section 43. School Curricula
•All schools – elementary, secondary, tertiary; private or public;
whether general, technical, vocational, agro-industrial; formal or
non-formal and indigenous shall integrate drug abuse prevention
and control instructions in their learning systems.
Section 43. School Curricula
• Adverse effects of the abuse and misuse of dangerous drugs on
person, family, school and community
•Preventive measures
•Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal and economic
dimensions and implications of drug problem
•Steps to take when intervention is needed, services available for
treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents
•Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs – importance
and safety of dangerous drugs for medical and therapeutic use,
difference between medical patients and drug dependents and
accidental stigmatization.
Section 44. Heads, Supervisor, and Teachers Of
Schools
• All school heads, supervisor and teachers shall be deemed
persons in authority, and as such, hereby empowered to
apprehend, arrest or cause the apprehension or arrest of any
person who shall violate said provisions, pursuant Section 5,
Rule 115 of the Rules of Court (Citizens Arrest)

•They are persons in authority if they are in the school or within

it’s immediate vicinity, or even beyond vicinity but in attendance
at any school or class function in their official capacity as school
heads, supervisors and teachers.
Section 44. Heads, Supervisor, and Teachers Of
Schools

•Any teacher or school employee shall have the duty to report

violations of the provisions of RA9165 to the school head or
immediate superior, who shall in turn, report the matter to proper
authorities.

•Failure to do so, within a reasonable period of time of discovery

of the violation shall, after due hearing, constitute sufficient cause
for disciplinary action by the school authorities.
 WHAT IS A DRUG?
• A drug is a chemical substance that
brings about physical, emotional or
behavioral change in a person taking it.
• Is any substance other than food or
water that is intended to be taken or
administered for the purpose of
altering, sustaining or controlling the
recipients’ physical, mental or
emotional state.
Medicines are legal drugs,
meaning doctors are
allowed to prescribe them
for patients, stores can sell
them, and people are
allowed to buy them.

When people talk about a

"drug problem," they usually
mean abusing legal drugs or
using illegal drugs, such as
marijuana, ecstasy, and shabu.
 WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE
Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance, licit
or illicit, resulting to individual’s physical, mental, or
social impairment.

It may refer to any of the following practices:

• Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs which

have the capacity to alter the mood or behavior.
• Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the
one from which the drug has been prescribed.
•Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical
application or purposes other than research.
DRUG ADDICTION
characterized by
compulsive drug craving,
seeking, and use that
persists even in the face of
negative consequences.
 A. ORIGIN
Natural - anything that comes
from nature.

Synthetic - anything that is

produced artificially or
processed in the laboratory.
B. PHARMACOLOGY

1. Stimulants
2. Depressant
3. Hallucinogens
 Also known as uppers
• Stimulants
 Any of a group of drugs that
excite the central nervous
system. It increase alertness,
alleviate fatigue, reduce
hunger and provide a feeling
of well-being.

Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine

Hydrochloride (SHABU)
 Immediate
and Long-
Term effects
of Stimulants
 • Depressants
also called as “downers” or “barbs”

 any drug or chemical that decreases

the activity of any bodily function. The
term is most often used to refer to drugs
that reduce the activity of the central
nervous system.

Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills,

Tranquilizers
Side effects & long term effects Depressants
• Loss of body control may result to bone fractures
• Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance
control
• Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudo-
dementia
• Nocturnal urinary incontinence
• Worsening sleep
• Respiratory problems
• Dependency
• Over sedation may lead to death
 • Hallucinogens
 Also called as psychedelics
 First developed as appetite suppressant.
 Any one of a large number of natural or synthetic
psychoactive drugs that produce marked distortions of
the senses and changes in perception; drugs capable of
provoking changes in sensation, thinking, self-
awareness and emotion; Alteration of time and space
perception and hallucination.
Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy
Hallucinations/illusions Immediate
Faster heart beat and pulse rate
Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye
effects
Movement (REM) of
Dry mouth and throat
Forgetfulness/inability to think
Hallucinogens
Altered sense of time/ disorientation
Impaired reflexes, coordination and
concentration
Acute panic anxiety reaction
“Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)
 Psychiatric consequences Long Term
 Severe irritation of the nasal
passages that may make a person effects
prone to frequent nose bleed. of
 Renal damage, heart disease and
strokes Hallucinogens
 Infections resulting in inflammation
of the blood vessels
 Infection of the heart valves,
 All of which can lead to death.
 Common Names and Forms
Speed Ice
Crystal Tima
Glass Chalk
Shabu, syabu
Bato Tobat's
Basura Item
Sasha Apog
Bagas Tipasi
Routes of Administration
Physical Manifestations of Meth or Shabu Use

•Dilated pupils
•Weight loss
•Eye twitching
•Loss of appetite
•Repetitious behavior
•Hyperactivity
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
• Anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational behavior, talkativeness, and loss of
self-control.
• Loss of appetite and inability to sleep.
• Euphoria, elation.
• Acute psychotic reactions, violent and destructive behavior and
recklessness that may result in accidents.
• Chest pain, irregularity of heart beat, elevated or lowered blood pressure,
weight loss, convulsion and death from cardiac arrest.
LONG-TERM EFFECTS:
Full blown “psychosis”similar to schizophrenia characterized by the presence
of paranoid delusions, auditory and visual hallucinations.
 Ingredients of Meth (shabu)

• Ephedrine - (Classified as Dangerous Drugs) Main

ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage
• Toluene – Chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.
• Acetone – Nail cleaner
• Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing component
• Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical
• Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap
• Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid)
• Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent
Crank Bugs (Meth Bugs) - or open
sores. Occurs when users itch and
scratch. The user’s body tries to
eliminate the toxic chemicals from
meth which in turn causes the skin
irritations.
Meth Mouth
- condition when meth addicts lose their teeth abnormally
quickly.
- probably caused by a combination of drug-induced
psychological and physiological changes resulting in xerostomia
(dry mouth), extended periods of poor oral hygiene, frequent
consumption of high-calorie, carbonated beverages and bruxism
(teeth grinding and clenching)
High Risk of Transmission of STD’s
- Meth addicts are more likely to engage in risky
unprotected sex.
- Sharing needles can lead to transmission of STD’s.
Forms:

Dried Leaves
Dried Roots
Hashish
Hashish oil or Hash oil
Keif
Common Names:
Marijuana
PoT
Weed
Dobie
Grass
Mary Jane
MJ
Pachi
Juts
Routes of Administration
Effects
•Reduced resistance to common illnesses
• Suppression of the immune system
• Growth disorders
• Increase of abnormally structured cells in
the body
• Reduction of male sex hormones
• Rapid destruction of lung fibers and
lesions (injuries) to the brain could be
permanent
• Reduced sexual capacity
• Reduced ability to learn and retain
information
• Apathy, drowsiness, lack of motivation
• Personality and mood changes
Routes of Administration
Cocaine is a purified extract from the
leaves of the Erythroxylum coca bush.
This plant grows in the Andes region of
South America.
Cocaine is one of the most dangerous drugs known to
man.

It is almost impossible to become free of its grip

physically and mentally.

Physically it stimulates key receptors (nerve endings that

sense changes in the body) within the brain that, in turn,
create a euphoria to which users quickly develop a
tolerance.

Only higher dosages and more frequent use can bring

about the same effect.
Smoking or injecting cocaine results in nearly
instantaneous effects. Rapid absorption through nasal
tissues makes snorting cocaine nearly as fast-acting.
Whatever the method of taking it in, cocaine quickly
enters the bloodstream and travels to the brain.

Deep in the brain, cocaine interferes with the chemical

messengers -- neurotransmitters -- that nerves use to
communicate with each other. Cocaine blocks
norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and other
neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed. The
resulting chemical buildup between nerves causes
euphoria or feeling "high."
What's so great about being high on coke? Cocaine
users often describe the euphoric feeling as:
*an increasing sense of energy and alertness
*an extremely elevated mood
*a feeling of supremacy

On the other hand, some people describe other

feelings tagging along with the high:
*irritability
*paranoia
*restlessness
*anxiety
Signs of using cocaine include:
*dilated pupils
*high levels of energy and activity
*excited, exuberant speech

Cocaine's immediate effects wear off in 30 minutes to

two hours. Smoking or injecting cocaine results in a
faster and shorter high, compared to snorting coke.
II. PHYSICAL HEALTH
1. Systematic
a. Cardiac (HEART) Pathology
II. PHYSICAL HEALTH
1. Systematic
a. Cardiac (HEART) Pathology
b. Pulmonary (LUNG) Illness
II. PHYSICAL HEALTH
1. Systematic
a. Cardiac (HEART) Pathology
b. Pulmonary (LUNG) Illness
c. Hepatic (LIVER) Problems
II. PHYSICAL HEALTH
1. Systematic
a. Cardiac (HEART) Pathology
b. Pulmonary (LUNG) Illness
c. Hepatic (LIVER) Problems
d. Renal (KIDNEY) Disease
known “party drug,” common in bars and clubs,
and among celebrities and affluent users .

Effects:
•Fatigue and perhaps depression after the drug is stopped
• Restlessness, anxiety and pronounced visual and auditory
hallucinations at large doses
•Nausea and Vomiting
•A rise in blood pressure and heart rate
•Possibility of heat stroke due to dehydration
•Death from heart attack when the user overdosed

Prolonged regular use can lead to the same long-term effects as

with synthetic stimulants, including a high potential
for neuro-toxicity, brain damage and liver damage.
 Tobacco Ammonia
Cadmium
– used to clean bathrooms
– component of car battery
Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust
Nicotine – used as a mixture in insecticide
Tar – ingredients for asphalt
Tobacco means the curved leaves Vinyl Chloride – used for making plastic
of the tobacco plant “nicotiana Cyanide – poison gas used by Hitler in his
tobacu” which contains a very concentration camps
potent ingredient called nicotine. Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for embalming
 Signed into law in June 2003
Prohibited Acts:
• Allowing Children to man stalls selling tobacco product (s)
• Selling tobacco products to a minor (under 18 years of age)
• Selling of Tobacco products within 100 meters from
playgrounds, schools and all youth facilities
Cigarette vending machine also within the place mentioned
• Smoking in Public Places
Alcohol
 Alcohol is a powerful drug. Alcoholic drinks contain the drug
“ethanol” (ethyl alcohol).
 It is a toxic and poisonous drug. It poisons the body if taken in
large quantities simply or in combination with other drugs.
 Alcohol damages all the major organs of the body.
 Alcohol is a depressant drug, not a stimulant as erroneously
believed. Pure alcohol is colorless and tasteless.
 Alcoholic drinks vary in color and taste because of the ingredients
used to flavor them.
Family Problems

Parents who always quarrel in front of the

children.

Irresponsible parents who don’t have time

for their children
Peer Pressure/Curiosity

BAD Influence by friends.

Weak Personality, Desire to
Escape From Reality

Lack of self-confidence and

inferiority complex
Stage 1: Experimentation

Some teens experiment, and their use stops there.

For others, this can be the first step in a lifelong struggle

with substance abuse.

Many who have become addicted have started drinking

and using drugs as early as 12 years old.

Early use is one of the risk factors for addiction.

Stage 2: Regular Use
At this stage, they are still able to stop this pattern.

Some risky behavior may begin to occur in this stage

such as binge drinking, driving under the influence, or
becoming preoccupied with drugs.

Your teen can also begin to show defiance, depression,

or anxiety
 Stage 3: Drug Abuse

Relationships with family and friends are impacted.

Negative consequences at school and work and

possible legal problems may emerge.

Despite the consequences of your teen’s risky

behavior, the substance abuse continues.
 Stage 4: Addiction/Dependency

Chronic, often relapsing, but treatable brain disease.

A characteristic of addiction is cravings that tell a

person’s brain that continued use is critical for their
survival.

Cravings are what drive the dependent person to

continue to use, despite the damage that it creates in
their life and to the lives of those around them.
1. declining interest in school or work

2. suddenly changes friends (hangs

out with individuals known for their
drug use)

3. becomes pessimistic, irritable and

anxious all the time
4. becomes careless and often
becomes involved in accidents

5. becomes implicated in a lot of

fights.

6. frequent mood swings

7. sudden change in appearance

and conduct (red or puffy eyes,
weight changes, constant complaints
of headaches or stomachaches,
shaking, incessant cough, brown
stains on fingertips, stumbling, or a
constant runny nose)
8. exhibits poor judgment, finds it
difficult to concentrate

9. missing valuables, unexplained

borrowing of money.
“The most important tool we have against drug use is not a
badge or a gun, it is a kitchen table. Parents can prevent drug
use by sitting down with their children and talking with
them… honestly and openly… about the dangers of drugs to
young lives and dreams”. - US SEN. BARRY McCAFFREY
 WHY SHOULD WE AVOID
ILLEGAL DRUGS?
1 Health – Damages our brain and body
2
Illegal – Prohibited by law (RA 9165))
3 Psycho-social – Destroys one’s behavior
and causes one to commit crime
4
Spiritual – Against the will of God
“YOU ARE THE TEMPLE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT”

“What you are is your gift from God,

What you will become is your gift to God”