English 3 Unit 7

Welcome to your
English Class
English III
UNIT VII: WHAT’S THIS FOR? / Question-response
•Technology, instructions.
SPEAKING:
•Describe technology
•Give instructions
GRAMMAR:
•Infinitives and gerunds
•Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions.
PRONUNCIATION/LISTENING:
•Syllable stress
•Listen to a radio program,
•Listen to people give suggestions for using technology.
•To recall previous content: modals for polite requests and give more feedback, context
and assessment with structures, question-response and matching exercises. (Refer to the
book Tactics for the TOEIC Reading & Listening) p.127
WRITING/READING:
•Write an email asking for specific favors,
•Read about the new hobby of geocaching
 Unit VII: WHAT’S THIS FOR?
Topic:
•Infinitives and gerunds
•Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions.
Objective:
Ss will be able to
•Recall previous content: modals for polite requests and give
more feedback, context and assessment with structures,
question-response and matching exercises. (Refer to the book
Tactics for the TOEIC Reading & Listening) p.127
•Describe electronic devices
•Explain instructions on how to use technology.
VOCABULARY
Teacher Explanation
 Gerunds and infinitives are a part of English grammar that many English learners
find challenging.
1. I will help you understand when to use a gerund or infinitive to describe the
purpose of someone or something.
2. In English, both gerunds and infinitives can be used to talk about the reason
why we use or do something.
3. Let’s begin with an example. This is a hair dryer:
There are two ways you can talk about the purpose of the hair dryer. Compare
these two sentences …
 A hair dryer is for drying hair.
 I use a hair dryer to dry my hair.
 Can you see the difference between the two sentences above?
 Gerunds
• A gerund is a verb that acts like a noun. To form a gerund, add –ing to the end of the
verb.
• To describe the purpose of something, use for + gerund:
What is a hair dryer for?
 A hair dryer is for drying hair.
What is this program for?
 This computer program is for editing videos.
*Notice that in the above sentences, the thing being described is the subject of the
sentence.
• More example sentences:
 My lips are for kissing!
 Be quiet! A library is for studying, not for socializing!
 Infinitives
 An infinitive is the to + verb form. To describe the purpose of someone, use an
infinitive.
What do you use a hair dryer for?
 I use a hair dryer to dry my hair.
Why did you go to the store?
 I went to the store to buy some milk.
Why are you going to Toronto?
 I‘m going to Toronto to learn English
 More example sentences:
 I use my lips to kiss!
 Be quiet! I come to the library to study, not to socialize!
 Here’s where it gets confusing:
 You can still use for + noun to talk about the purpose of someone, but the noun CAN
NOT be a gerund:
Why did you buy a box of chocolates?
 I bought a box of chocolates for my husband.
 I bought a box of chocolates to give my husband.
 NOT: I bought a box of chocolates for give my husband.

 NOT: I bought a box of chocolates for giving my husband.
 I hope this helped you to better understand when to use

 a gerund or infinitive to talk about purpose!
THE IMPERATIVE IS THE FORM OF THE VERB WE USE TO GIVE DIRECTIONS,
INSTRUCTIONS, SUGGESTIONS, OR ADVICE. WE ALSO USE IT TO GIVE DIRECT
ORDERS.
 The imperative is very easy to form. It is simply the base form of the verb. Here are some
examples:
•Sit down.
•Stand in line.
•Fill out this form.
 To make the imperative negative, place the words ” do not” or “don’t” in front of the base
form of the verb.
•Do not sit down.
•Don’t touch that button.
•Don’t forget about the party tonight.
 USING THE IMPERATIVE TO GIVE INSTRUCTIONS
Your boss may use the imperative when he gives you instructions at work. He/She may
say, “Work on this project until lunchtime, and then go back to your regular work.” A
cookbook uses the imperative as well, in the recipes it contains.
 Measure 1 cup flour.
 Put in a medium-sized bowl.
 Blend, but don’t over mix.
 An owner’s manual uses the imperative when it tells you how to do something.
 To change the ink cartridges in your printer, first open the door indicated on the
diagram.
 Remove the empty cartridge.
 Replace it with a new one.
 Close the door.
 The imperative can be very forceful when you are angry or when you are giving a
direct order, such as in the military.
 Don’t lie!
 Stop talking!
 Forward, march!
 USING THE IMPERATIVE TO GIVE ADVICE
 We also use the imperative to give advice or suggestions to someone. He or she is not
required to do as we say, but we think it would be a good idea Here are some
examples.
 You are ill. Go to the doctor.
 Deposit your paycheck now so that you can pay your rent.
 Make sure you get your car serviced before you go on a road trip.
 Don’t take her too seriously. She yells at everyone.
 If we want to add emphasis, we often add the word,”just.”
 Just do it! This means stop wasting time and do what you promised.
 Just sign right here. This means, “It’s easy. Sign your name.”
 All you have too do is just sign right here. This means you only have to do one
thing and nothing else. Sign your name.
 SOFTENING THE IMPERATIVE
The imperative can be very direct and forceful. Sometimes it does not feel very polite.
Here are some words and expressions we can add to make it softer and more polite.
•You can add “please”:
• Please sit down.
• Please don’t make noise.
• Adding “Let’s” (Let us):
• Let’s see a movie tonight.
• Let’s not forget our ID cards.
•Why don’t we:
• Why don’t we see a movie tonight? This looks like a question, but it is used
idiomatically as a suggestion.
•Why don’t you:
• Why don’t you call your mother before we leave? Again, this looks like a
question, but it is used as a suggestion.
•Do you want to or Would you like to:
• Would you like to pick up some butter on the way home from work? This also
is not a question, but a suggestion.
•Won’t you, will you:
• Sit down, won’t you?
• Try my chocolate cake, will you? Again, these are suggestions.
•Would you:
• Help me with this, would you? This is also a suggestion.
•You will need to:
• You will need to turn right at the next traffic light. This is giving advice.
•It’s a good idea to:
• It’s a good idea to leave early on a snowy day. This is also giving advice.
•If you can:
• Call me tonight if you can. This is a polite suggestion.

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Welcome to your

3. Let’s begin with an example. This is a hair dryer:

 NOT: I bought a box of chocolates for give my husband.

 I hope this helped you to better understand when to use

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