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Introduction To Computer System

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14 views

Introduction To Computer System

Uploaded by

awaise706
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction To

Computer System
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS OVER TIME
Introduction To Computer System

 Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the
user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called
program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use.
 A computer is a combination of hardware and software resources which integrate
together and provides various functionalities to the user.
 Hardware are the physical components of a computer like the processor, memory
devices, monitor, keyboard etc. while software is the set of programs or
instructions that are required by the hardware resources to perform various
operations as per the requirement of users.
Introduction To Computer System
Introduction To Computer System

 EVOLUTION OF COMPUTING DEVICE


 First Generation (1940-56): The first generation computers used vacuum tubes
& machine language was used for giving the instructions. These computers were
large in size & their programming was difficult task. The electricity consumption
was very high. Some computers of this generation are ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC
& UNIVAC-1. In this generation, mainly batch processing operating system was
used. Punch cards, paper tape, and magnetic tape was used as input and output
devices. The computers in this generation used machine code as the programming
language.
Introduction To Computer System

 Second Generation (1956-63): In 2nd generation computers, vacuum tubes were


replaced by transistors. They required only 1/10 of power required by tubes. This
generation computers generated less heat & were reliable. The first operating
system developed in this generation. IBM 1620, IBM 7094, CDC 1604 are the
examples of this generations computers. In 2 nd generation, magnetic cores were
used as the primary memory and magnetic tape and magnetic disks as secondary
storage devices. In this generation, assembly language and high-level
programming languages like FORTRAN, COBOL were used. The computers used
batch processing and multiprogramming operating system.
Introduction To Computer System

 Third Generation (1964-71): The 3rd generation computers replaced transistors


with Integrated circuit known as chip. From Small scale integrated circuits which
had 10 transistors per chip, technology developed to MSI circuits with 100
transistors per chip. These computers were smaller, faster & more reliable. High
level languages invented in this generation. The IC was invented by Jack Kilby.
This development made computers smaller in size, reliable, and efficient. In this
generation remote processing, time-sharing, multiprogramming operating system
were used. High-level languages (FORTRAN-II TO IV, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1,
BASIC, ALGOL-68 etc.) were used during this generation. IBM-360 series,
Honeywell-6000 are some examples of computers in 3 rd generation. .
Introduction To Computer System

 Fourth Generation (1972- 1980): LSI & VLSI were used in this generation. As a
result microprocessors came into existence. The computers using this technology
known to be Micro Computer. High capacity hard disk were invented. There is
great development in data communication. Fourth generation computers became
more powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, it gave rise to
Personal Computer (PC) revolution. In this generation, time sharing, real time
networks, distributed operating system were used. All the high-level languages
like C, C++, DBASE etc., were used in this generation.
Introduction To Computer System

 Fifth Generation (1980-Present & Beyond): Fifth generation computing


devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are
some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of
parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a
reality. Quantum computationIntroduction To Computer
and molecular System
and nanotechnology will radically
change the face of computers in years to come. Some computer types of this
generation are − Desktop Laptop Note Book Ultra Book Visit python4csip.com
for more updates Created By: Sachi
Introduction to Computer
Introduction To Computer System

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