UECS1643/UECS1653

FUNDAMENTALS OF
PROGRAMMING
UECS1004/UECS1104
PROGRAMMING AND PROBLEM
SOLVING
Practical 1 – Simple Program

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Practical
■ Practical exercises are assigned for each practical session.
■ The questions of practical exercises will be uploaded to
WBLE. Please check in a timely manner.
■ Students are strongly encouraged to do the suggested
revision on lecture notes and attempt the questions in Part A
and B before each practical session.

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Practical Plan
■ Week 3: Practical 1 – Simple Program
■ Week 4: Practical 2 – Primitive Data Types & Operations
■ Week 5: Practical 3 – Functions
■ Week 6: Practical 4 – More on Functions
■ Week 7: Practical 5 – Selection and Flow Charts
■ Week 8: Practical 6 – Multi-way Selection and Loops
■ Week 9: Practical 7 – More on Loops and Problem Solving
■ Week 10: Practical 8 – Arrays and Array Applications
■ Week 11: Practical 9 – Characters and Strings Manipulation
■ Week 12: Practical 10 – typedef and C Structure type
■ Week 13: Practical 11 – Files Handling
■ Week 14: Practical 12 – Revision Exercises (Self-Practice)
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Practical Exercises
■ Each practical exercise contains 4 parts:
1. Part A (Understanding Concepts)
■ Tutor will go through and discuss the questions in Part A with students during each
practical session.
2. Part B (Programming Exercises)
■ Tutor will go through the questions in Part B with students after Part A. The answer
guideline will be uploaded to WBLE on every Monday morning.
3. Part C (Self-Review / Revision)
■ Students are required to do suggested revision on lecture notes for finding answers in
Part C. Students may send their answers to the lecturer or tutor for review.
4. Part D (Practice Exercises)
■ The questions in Part D are similar problems in Part B. Students may refer to the
answer guideline for Part B to code the solution. Students may send their answer to the
lecturer or tutor for review.

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 Practical 1 – Simple Program
Refer to Topics 01 and 02
Part A (Understanding Concepts)
1. Match the English statements to the
statements/words/symbols in the program
below.
a) Indicates the start of the body of function
main.
Opening curly brace ( { ) in line 5

b) Makes the program display something on

the computer screen.
Object cout in line 6

c) Tells the preprocessor where to get

additional information about the object
cout.
#include <iostream> in line 1
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 Practical 1 – Part A (Understanding Concepts)
2. Match the English statements to the statements/words/symbols in the program below.

a) Tells the compiler the names given to memory cells used by the program and indicates that the
values to be stored in those memory cells are type integer.
Line 6: int current_year, birth_year; and Line 10: int age;
b) A symbol that indicates the operation of storing a value in a variable or memory cell.
= (assignment operator) in line 7, 8 and 11.
3. For the program in question 2 above, what is the purpose of the ‘endl’?
The ‘endl’ is to make the cursor go to the next line after displaying the output.
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 Practical 1 – Part A (Understanding Concepts)
4. Consider the program below.

a) What is the purpose of the object cin in line 8?

To get input data from the user.
b) Modify the program to display a prompt asking the user to enter the year of birth.
Add this statement before the call to object cin: cout << "Enter your birth year: ";
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 Practical 1 – Part A (Understanding Concepts)
5. For the program in question 4 above, can we change the order of the statements as follows and get
the same results?

Answer: No, we cannot change the order.

(a) age = current_year - birth_year;
If we use the order of statements above, the
current_year = 2020; variables current_year and birth_year will
cin >> birth_year; have an undefined value when the subtraction
operation is performed. 8
 Practical 1 – Part A (Understanding Concepts)
5. For the program in question 4 above, can we change the order of the statements as follows and get
the same results?

Can swap their order?

(b) cin >> birth_year;

current_year = 2020; Answer: Yes we can change the order and get
the same result.
age = current_year - birth_year;
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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
1. create and run the following program. Observe the output.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
cout << "Hello!\nHow are you?\n";
return 0;
}

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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
2. Run the following program and observe the output.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
int current_year, birth_year;
current_year = 2020;
birth_year = 2001;

int age;
age = current_year - birth_year;

cout << "Your age is " << age << endl;

return 0;
}

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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
3. Modify the program in question 2 to ask the user to enter the current year and birth year.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{ Replace
int current_year, birth_year; each assignment statement
current_year = 2020;
birth_year = 2001; with
a pair “prompt and get”
int age; statement.
age = current_year - birth_year;

cout << "Your age is " << age << endl;

return 0;
}

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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
3. Modify the program in question 2 to ask the user to enter the current year and birth year.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
int current_year, birth_year;
cout << "Enter the current year: ";
cin >> current_year;

cout << "Enter birth year: ";

cin >> birth_year;

int age;
age = current_year - birth_year;

cout << "Your age is " << age << endl;

return 0;
}

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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
4. Write a program that:
– asks the user to enter three numbers,
– computes the sum of the three numbers, and
– displays the result.
The output format should be as follows:

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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
4. Write a program that asks the user to enter three numbers, computes the sum of the three
numbers, and displays the result. The output format should be as follows:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
int num1, num2, num3;
cout << "Enter first number: ";
cin >> num1;
cout << "Enter second number: ";
cin >> num2;
cout << "Enter third number: ";
cin >> num3;

int sum = num1 + num2 + num3;

cout << "The sum of\n" << num1 << ", " << num2 << ", and " << num3 << "\nis " << sum << ".\
n";
3 12 44 59
return 0; 15
 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
5. Correct the errors in the following program and run it.

include iostream ;
int Main() ;
{
cout >> (The program finally runs!\n)
return
}

The errors are highlighted in red colour and ? denotes the missing symbols/texts.
?include ?iostream? ;
?

int Main() ;
{
cout >> (The program finally runs!\n)?
return ??
}

Please try to fix these errors, I will show you how to fix them 10 minutes later.
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 Practical 1 – Part B (Programming Exercises)
5. Corrected program:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
cout << "The program finally runs!\n";

return 0;
}

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