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    Inlet and Outlet of Thorax: This Photo by Unknown Author Is Licensed Under

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    Inlet and Outlet of Thorax: This Photo by Unknown Author Is Licensed Under

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    shubhankarboudh
    1 views14 pages

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    1 views14 pages

    Inlet and Outlet of Thorax: This Photo by Unknown Author Is Licensed Under

    Uploaded by

    shubhankarboudh

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    INLET AND OUTLET

    OF THORAX

    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under


    CC BY-NC-ND
    ANATOMY OF THORACIC OUTLET

     The thoracic outlet region is located within the lower part of the
    neck, beginning just above and behind the clavicle and extending to
    the upper part of the arm. Using surface landmarks, the thoracic
    outlet is located next to the large muscle that runs vertically in the
    neck, called the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and in front of the
    muscle that runs across the back of the neck, called the trapezius
    muscle. The lower part of the thoracic outlet extends behind the
    clavicle, underneath the pectoralis muscles, and in front of the
    shoulder.
    SUPERIOR PART OF THORAX
    PARTITION AT THE INLET OF THORAX
    The partition is in two halves, right and left, with a cleft in between. Each half is covered
    by a fascia, known as Sibson’s fascia or suprapleural membrane .It partly separates the
    thorax from the neck. The membrane is triangular in shape. Its apex is attached to the tip
    of the transverse process of the seventh cervical vertebra and the base to the inner border
    of the first rib and its cartilage. Morphologically, Sibson's fascia is regarded as the
    flattened tendon of the scalenus minimus (pleuralis) muscle. It is thus formed by scalenus
    minimus and endothoracic fascia. Functionally, it provides rigidity to the thoracic inlet, so
    that the root of the neck is not puffed up and down during respiration. The inferior surface
    of the membrane is fused to the cervical pleura, beneath which lies the apex of the lung.
    STRUCTURES PASSING THROUGH THE INLET OF THORAX
    VISCERA : Trachea,oesophagus ,apices of the lungs with pleura ,remains of the thymus are the structures passing through the inlet of thorax

    LARGE VESSELS : Brachiocephalic artery on the right side . Left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery on the left side . Right and left brachiocephalic veins.

    SMALLER VESSELS : 1) Right and left internal thoracic arteries


    2) Right and left phrenic nerves
    3) Right and left vagus nerves
    4) Right and left sympathetic trunks
    INFERIOR OUTLET OF THORAX
    INFERIOR APERTURE/OUTLET OF
    THORAX: The inferior aperture is the
    broad end of the thorax which surrounds
    the upper part of the abdominal cavity,
    but is separated from it by the diaphragm
    BOUNDARIES

    ANTERIORLY : Infrasternal angle between the two


    costal margins
    POSTERIORLY : Inferior surface of the body of the
    twelfth thoracic vertebra
    ON EACH SIDE : Costal margin formed by the
    cartilages of the seventh to twelfth ribs
    DIAPHRAGM AT THE OUTLET OF
    THORAX

    The outlet is closed by a large musculotendious partition , called


    the diaphragm – THE thoracoabdominal diaphragm – which
    separates the thorax from the abdomen
    STRUCTURES PASSING THROUGH THE DIAPHRAGM

     There are three large and several small openings in the diaphragm which allow passage to structures from
    thorax to abdomen or vice versa
     LARGE OPENINGS : There are venal caval opening in the central tendon , oesophageal opening in the right
    crus of the diaphragm and aortic opening behind the median arcuate ligament
     SMALL OPENINGS : Superior epigastric artery passes in space of larrey present between slip of xiphoid
    process and 7th costal cartilagineous slip of the diaphragm. When foramen is enlarged it is known as foramen of
    margagni.
    THANKYOU

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