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Lecture 11a Javascript

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Karim Ullah PW ELE BATCH 22
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6 views

Lecture 11a Javascript

Uploaded by

Karim Ullah PW ELE BATCH 22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Introduction to Javascript

Lecture number:
Scripting?

 Scripting is a way to instruct a computer


software,in how to control a computer
hardware or a machine.
 Computer software are made through
programming, and software can be controlled
using scripting.
 Just like programming languages, scripting
languages do have a valid syntax and they
need a compiler.
Where are scripts used?

 Scripting maybe used in:


Controlling Robots (eg: LEGO kits)
Controlling 3D design software(Maya,3d
Studio)
Controlling operating systems (Windows
Batch scripting)
Controlling websites (Javascript, VBSript)
Web Scripting

 Web scripting languages add to the


dynamics of websites.
 They are used to add interactivity to web
applications.
 You come across web scripts daily while
browsing the internet, for-example the
chatrooms, Discussion forums, Email
services, etc are all web scripts
Types of web-scripts

 There are two kinds of web-scripts:


i. Client side scripts
ii. Server side scripts
Client side scripts

 Client side scripts run on the user/client’s


machine, they may or may not interact with a
server, and are ideal for quick response.
 Used for pre-submission form checking like
checking if the user has entered a valid email
address or phone number etc.
 Example: Javascript, VBScript, etc
Server side scripts

 Server side scripts run on-line on the server.


 All data must be uploaded to the server in-order for
server side scripts to manage it.
 The Server resources are utilized in the process and
the execution is independent of the client’s machine.
 Server side scripts are useful for storing user
accounts, sessions, and other secure data.
 Examples: PhP (Personal home page tool, open source general-purpose
server-side scripting language originally designed for Web development to produce
dynamic Web pages.), ASP(active server pages, 1 server side script engine for
st

dynamically generated webpages), ASP.net, etc.


Introduction to Javascript

 Developed by Brendan Eich of Netscape under the


name ‘Mocha’, later renamed to ‘Livescript’.
 With the advent of ‘Java’, netscape renamed
Livescript to Javascript as a marketing strategy,
creating an artificial similarity between Java and
Javascript.
 Javascript is just a spin-off of java, they’ve got
nothing in common other than the fact that both try to
follow the C++ syntax.
Introduction to Javascript (2)

 Javascript was originally a client-side scripting language.


 It suffered a hibernation period when webmasters
started using server side scripting.
 With the advent of AJAX (asynchronous javascript ,a group of interrelated web
development techniques used on the client-side to create asynchronous web applications.), javascript

returned to the spotlight, as AJAX is a server-side port of


javascript.
 Javascript’s compiler is embedded in almost all modern
web-browsers so we don’t need any external software to
run javascript applications.
Introduction to javascript (3)

 We may use javascript in our websites by


including the code in the <script> tag.
 The scripting language is specified using the
“language” attribute.
 Example:
<script language=“javascript”>
….all the scripting….
</script>
A basic “Hello World” application

 Write down the following code in the body of an


HTML document and save it as .html file, check
the output by running the html document in a
web-browser(ignore the text after ‘//’ its for
reference).
“Hello world” Output
A javascript input script

Let us consider another script:


A javascript input script : Output
A javascript input script : Explanation

 Notice that this script takes some input from the


user.
 ‘Window’ is a JavaScript object.
 Objects have member functions or methods, prompt
is a method which takes some inputs called
arguments.
 The default value in the table is specified by the
second argument to the prompt function(150 in this
case).
The windows alert function

 Used to display a message to the user, about an


event.
 Consists of a custom message and an OK
button.
 Example:
window alert: Output
Javascript Variables

 A variable is a piece of computer memory for


temporarily holding some data.
 The data can be a name, a telephone
number, a temperature, etc.
 In almost all programming languages,
variables must reserve a memory space
before data can be written to them, this
process is called declaring a variable.
Javascript Variables

 In javascript, we declare a variable using the


‘var’ keyword.
 We assign a value to it using the assignment
operator ‘=‘.
 The variable must have a name (also called
‘identifier’).
 Example: var variable_name=“Some value to
the variable”;
Javascript Variables(3)

 We can assign value to the variable in the


code, or we can take the value from the user.
 As already discussed, we use the prompt
function to take a value from the user, and
store it in a variable for later reuse.
Javascript Variables: Example

 Consider the following code:


<script language=“javascript”>
var var1=window.prompt(“Enter your name:”);
document.write(var1);
</script>
Variable Example: Output
Variable Example 2

 Let us make a simple adder script, which


takes two numbers from the user and
displays their sum.
 All the data stored in a variable is a string by
default, we need to convert it to our required
data-type before we can do any operations.
 Here we need it to be an integer number so
we use the ‘parseInt’ function which converts
a string to an integer.
Number Adder: Code
Number Adder: output
HTML in Javascript

 We can use the Write method to display


HTML in a document, for-example:
HTML in Javascript Output

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