Respiratory System

Requirements in
Science 9
 Lecture Notebook-Regular
notebook (RED)
 Activity Notebook-Big Notebook
(RED)
Respiratory
system
- is the organ system
responsible in supplying
oxygen and expelling
carbon dioxide from the
human body.
PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM
1.Nose- is a vital organ that
plays a central role in
bodily functions like breathing
and smelling.
**Nostrils-two holes of the nose
**Nasal passages- serves as
passages of the air covered by thick
mucus membranes that contain tiny
hair like projections known as cilia.
**Cilia- are tiny-like hairs that filters
the air that enters the respiratory system.
2. Pharynx-usually called the throat, is part of
the respiratory system and digestive system.
Passageway of air, food and fluid down from the
nose and mouth.
3. Larynx- commonly called the voice box or
glottis, is the passageway for air between the
pharynx above and the trachea below.
4. Trachea or windpipe-transport air in and out
of the lungs during the act of breathing.
5. Lungs- serve as the gas-exchanging organ for
the process of respiration. It allow us to breathe
in the oxygen we need to live and breathe out a
waste product called carbon dioxide.
**Bronchi- They help to warm,
moisturize and clean the inhaled air before
distributing it to the lung's gas-exchanging zone.
**Bronchioles-are the little branching
stems of the bronchi inside the lungs.
**Alveoli- are the center of your respiratory
system's gas exchange. The alveoli pick up
the incoming energy (oxygen) you breathe in
and release the outgoing waste product
(carbon dioxide) you exhale.
6. Diaphragm- a muscle that helps you
breathe. It sits under your lungs and
separates your chest cavity from your
abdomen.
 Asyou breathe air, the oxygen molecules enter the nostril
and travel downwards through the pharynx and trachea, to
finally reach the bronchi. From each bronchus, oxygen
travels into the lungs. Within the lungs, the bronchus
divides repeatedly to form bronchioles. Oxygen travels
through this bronchioles and reaches the alveoli each of
which surrounded by a network of capillaries. As blood flow
through the capillaries, the oxygen molecules from the
alveolus diffuse into the capillary. This causes the
oxygenation of the red blood cells (RBCs).
Once it reaches the cells, oxygen processes the
nutrient to release energy. Carbon dioxide
(CO2) is given off during this process. The blood
delivers CO2 into the right portion of the heart,
from which it is pumped into the lungs. The
CO2 molecules are released into the alveolus,
and then from the alveolus it travels through
the bronchioles, into the bronchus which finally
reaches the trachea and is breathe out through
the nostrils.
The process of breathing in air rich in oxygen is
called inhalation. After the contraction of the
muscular diaphragm, the rib muscles contract,
lifting the ribs up and out. The movement of
the ribs and diaphragm causes the chest cavity
to expand, lowering the air pressure in the
lungs. As a result, air rushes into the lungs
causing them to expand and fill the chest
cavity.
During exhalation (breathing out), the
diaphragm and rib muscles relax. The
diaphragm returns to its dome shape, and the
rib cage moves down. These movements make
the volume of the chest cavity smaller, causing
air pressure in lungs to increase and air to be
pushed out. This exhaled air is rich in CO2. This
process of inhalation and exhalation is known
as respiration, which is approximately twenty
times per minute.
Answer the following question after reading the short situation
One morning, Bugan and her friends are very noisy, some are
laughing and giggling while eating breakfast. Suddenly, her mother
Aginaya cautioned them to stop telling jokes and stories instead
concentrate eating then tell stories after meal.
Questions:
1. Why did Bugan’s mother caution them to stop laughing and giggling?
2. Did you experience being reminded by your parent not to talk when
your mouth is full? Why?
3. Did you experience an uncomfortable situation due to the entrance
of water or a piece of rice into your nose? How was the feeling? What
causes this to happen?
*What lesson did you learn from this experience?
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Explain how the lungs work;
2. Describe how the movement of
the diaphragm helps the air go in
and out of the lungs.
BRING THE FOLLOWING:

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