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Airbus Flight Control Systems

Presentation of Airbus Flight Control Systems A320

Uploaded by

Robert Lautier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

Airbus Flight Control Systems

Presentation of Airbus Flight Control Systems A320

Uploaded by

Robert Lautier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Where do we find information

about normal law and


protections?

FCOM
The flight controls on Airbus are

- electronically controlled
- hydraulically activated
7 flight control computers

- 2 ELACs
- 3 SECs
- 2 FACs
Three primary flight control laws on the
A320

- Normal Law

- Alternate Law (after degradation)

- Direct Law (further degradation)


What is normal law?
- a load-factor-demand

- with automatic trim

- protection throughout the flight envelope


What is normal law?
With sidestick at neutral, wings level, the system maintains
1g in pitch, and there is no need for the pilot to trim by
changing speed or configuration. Pitch trim is automatic … in
normal turns (up to 33 deg. of bank) the pilot does not have
to make any pitch corrections once the turn is established.
What is normal law?

Computers act to prevent excessive forces in the


pitch and roll axes
Normal law operates in different modes depending on
the stage of flight:

1. Ground mode
2. Flight mode
3. Flare mode
Flight mode of normal law provides 5
types of protections:
1. Load factor
2. Pitch Attitude
3. High Angle of attack
4. High Speed
5. Bank Angle
Load factor protection

Automatically limits control inputs to


remain within g-loads:

+2.5 to -1 CLEAN
+2.0 to -1 OTHER CONFIGURATIONS
Pitch attitude protection

In conf 0 to 3 + 30 degrees nose up


In conf FULL + 25 degrees nose up

In all conf - 15 degrees nose down


The FD bars disappear from the PFD when the pitch exceeds 25 deg. UP
or 13 deg. DOWN. They return to display when the pitch angle returns to
between 22 deg. UP and 10 deg. DOWN.
How are the limits depicted
on the PFD?
High angle of attack protection
Has priority over all other protections
Engages when between α-prot and α-Max
Limits the angle of attack to α-Max even with full sidestick
deflection
(α-floor may be activated by the auto-thrust system)
High Speed protection
Two speed limitations: VMO and MMO. These are the same at 31,000 ft.

Positive spiral stability is introduced to 0 degrees (instead of 33 deg)

Bank angle limit reduced to 45 degrees

A permanent nose-up order is applied

It is activated at VMO +6
Bank angle protection
Up to 33 degrees, angle of bank is maintained
If sidestick is released with a bank angle of more than 33 degrees, the bank angle
automatically reduces to 33 degrees
If the pilot holds full lateral sidestick deflection, the bank angle goes back to
67 degrees and no further
If the bank angle exceeds 45 degrees, the AP disconnects, and the FD bars
disappear. The FD bars return when the bank angle decreases less than 40
degrees
BONUS
Low Energy protection
In normal law, available between 100 ft and 2000 ft
Aural warning of SPEED SPEED SPEED
Indicates to the pilot that aircraft energy has become too low and that
power must be added

α-floor is available and will engage if pilot actions are inappropriate or


insufficient

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