GOOD

AFTERNOO
N
Learning Competency :
Identify materials necessary to
complete the work in
accordance with established
procedures and check against
Sub-task :
Identify the types of
motherboard.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson,
students are expected to:

 Identify the types of motherboard.

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 ATX (Advanced Technology Extended).- it is the most
common and standard motherboard size for desktop
computers. ATX motherboards measures 12 x 9.6 inches,
and they usually have seven expansion slots and multiple
ports and connector for various peripherals.
 .
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ITX(Information Technology Extended) – a family of a very
small PC motherboards.

ROM (Read-Only Memory) – is non-volatile memory type. This

means it receives data and permanently writes it on a chip and
it last even after you turn off your computer. The data is coded
to not be overwritten, so it’s used for things like your printer
software or startup programs.
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PCI ( Peripheral Component Interconnect)- is a local computer
bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.

USB (Universal Serial Bus) – is a mechanism used to connect

peripheral devices to computers.
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DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) – is a digital optical disc data storage format.

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is an electronic circuit that can perform

mathematical calculations at high speed.

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) - is a proprietary

audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data
compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI – compliant
source.
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DVI (Digital Visual Interface) – is a video display interface developed by
the Digital Display Working Group. The digital interface is used to connect
a video source, such as video display controller, to a display device, such as
a computer monitor.
2 PICS 1 WORD
PUZZLE
Possible Questions:
What is the answer to the puzzle?
Why is the motherboard so important ?
Explain your answer.
T
 What is a Motherboard?
MOTHERBOARD
The motherboard is the main circuit board of your computer and
is also known as the mainboard or logic board. If you ever open
your computer, the biggest piece of silicon you see is the
motherboard. Attached to the motherboard, you’ll find the CPU,
ROM, memory RAM expansion slots, PCI slots, and USB ports. It
also includes controllers for devices like the hard drive, DVD drive
, keyboard and mouse. Basically, the motherboard is what makes
everything in your computer work together.
Different Types of Motherboard

ATX Form Factor (Full ATX)

Probably the most common

form factor for motherboards
is the ATX form factor. The
board is approximately 12’’ x
9.6”.
Mini ATX

A mini-ATX motherboard is a slightly smaller variation of the full ATZ

size that measure 11.2 ‘’ x 8.2 ‘’. The main difference between ATX
and mini-ATX is the number of buses and possibly memory slots on
the motherboard. Mounting holes for both are located in the same
place, making them interchangeable in most cases. A case that
supports an ATX motherboard can also support mini-ATX
motherboard.
Micro ATX

The micro-ATX form factor is an even smaller version of the ATX

standard, with a maximum size of 9.6’’ x 9.6’’ . The faceplate line
up to the exact same position as in all other versions of ATX .
System case that can hold an ATX motherboard can also hold
micro ATX motherboard. The smaller mid or mini tower cases
would likely be too small for a full ATX motherboard but should
accommodate micro ATX motherboard. The terms mini-ATX and
micro-ATX are often used interchangeable.
Flex ATX
The size OF Flex ATX is 9’’
x 7.5’’ . It is derived from
Micro ATX and is used in
small computer cases.
Mini ITX
Going down in size we have a mini ITX motherboard with a
maximum size of 6.7 ‘’ x 6.7”. Notice that there is a single
expansion slot and the motherboard itself is considerably
smaller than the ATX and even the micro ATX. Also notice
that the faceplate still line-up and the hole positions still
match the ATX hole positions. Theoretically we could take
this micro ITX motherboard and place it inside a full tower
case. However, we usually use a small factor case for this
motherboard.
Em ITX

Em ITX dimensions are 17 cm

x 12 cm.
Nano ITX
Measures of Nano ITX are
4.7’’ x 4.7’’ . It is used with
smaller devices like set-top
boxes, car PC’s, media
centers, and other
embedded devices.
Pico ITX

The size of the Pico ITX is 3.9’’

x 2.8 “.
Mobile ITX

Mobile ITX is the smallest form

factor with the size of 2.4’’ x
2.4’’.
DTX Form Factor
DTX form factor is intended for
small form factor PC’s and is
backward compatible with ATX
form factor cases. Dimensions are
8” x 9.6’’.
 Mini DTX
Mini DTX is a shorter
version of DTX form factor.
Dimensions are 8’’ x 6.7’’
SSI CEB
SSI form factors were developed by SSI ( Server System Infrastructure ) forum, and
are intended for dual or multi-processor motherboards used in servers and or
even workstations. SSI form factors were derived from ATX specification, so they
have the same rear panel, IO connectors are larger than ATX, so SSI motherboards
will not fit cases designed for standard ATX. The computer case has to be designed
for larger than standard ATX form factor, Three SSI form factors are CEB ( Compact
Electronics Bay ), EEB ( Enterprise Electronics Bay ), and MEB ( Midrange
Electronics Bay ). The smallest of them is SSI CEB and the size is 12’’ x 10.5’’).

SSI EEB ( also called Extended ATX or E-ATX)

SSI EEB dimensions are 12’’ x 13’’ (30.5cm x 33cm).

,
SSI MEB
The SSI MEB size is 16.2’’ x
13’’). It is longer in order to
provide space for two
additional CPU sockets.
 BTX Form Factor
There are a few main differences with the BTX form factor. Notice that
the faceplate is on the opposite end. Another differences is that the
hole positions are different. Also, the processor socket is slightly rotated
so that it is at an angle to the system board. This rotation is to aid in the
airflow across the processor to assist in cooling the processor. The BTX
motherboard will only fit within a system case that is designed for a BTX
motherboard. In many cases this means that an ATX system case will not
work with a BTX system board, although there are system cases that are
able to accommodate both the ATX and the BTX form factors. The BTX
for factor has not been widely adopted despite its improvements over
ATX and related standards. .As a result, the availability and variety of
BTX compatible components is limited.
 NLX Form Factor
The NLX is an older style form factor that is not used very often anymore.
We might see it in some older motherboards but it’s not likely to
encounter it with newer motherboards.

NLX is an older form factor used for slimline desktop-style computers. NLX
is an improvement over an even earlier LPX form factor. Notice that this
motherboard has no expansion slots for the PCI or ISA bus. The NLX form
factor is used in slim line cases that are very short.

In order to accommodate expansion cards, we use a tab on the edge of

the motherboard. We insert a Riser Card on the end of the motherboard.
Riser Card is then used for expansion cads, so that now expansion cards
lay flat rather than being perpendicular to the motherboard. The riser card
does not have built-in ports for audio, joystick,USB network or modem.
PARTS OF A MOTHERBOARD
BIOS And CMOS

BIOS or Basic Input Output System is where all the information and
settings for the motherboard are stored. It can be accessed, updated
and modified via the BIOS mode.

The CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor) battery is

what’s responsible for keeping all the information intact when the
entire system is shutdown.

The CMOS battery can be removed to reset the BIOS after a failed
update or if you overclock your RAM beyond its capabilities.
Input/output Ports

It’s an interface or a point of connection

between the computer and its peripheral
devices. Some of the common peripherals
are mouse, keyboard, monitor or display
unit, printer, speaker, flash drive
etc.
IDE and SATA Connector ( Storage Device Connectors)

The internal storage device connectors are where you will connect your storage
devices, such as mechanical hard drives and solid- state drives. These storage devices
need to be connected to the motherboard for data to be submitted and retrieved.

Don’t forget while HDDs and SDDs do the same thing ( store data), there is a big
difference between how HHDs and SDDs accomplish this.

IDE, or Integrated Drive Electronics, is used to hook up disk drives, floppy disks, HDDs.
This is a 40-pin male connector that connects the HDD.

As technology advance , IDE connectors became obsolete. Now the SATA connector
(Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is the standard connector with a 7-pin
interface. Despite having 33 fewer pins, this is faster than the IDE connectors.
Power Connectors
The ATX ( Advanced Technology eXtended ) connector
( found in more recent motherboards) has 20 or 24-pin
female connectors. This is the largest connector on the
motherboards, as this draws out the needed power
directly from the power supply.

The SMPS ( switched-mode power supply) then utilizes

this power to keep the motherboard running .
Front I/O Connectors

This is where you connect the Power Switch,

LED power indicator, Reset Switch and the
HDD LED cables. The front audio port and
front USB are also connected here. These
connections are usually located at the
bottom part of the motherboard.
CPU Socket

The CPU socket is where your CPY (processor) is installed.

This is where the processing and transfer of data happens.
Your CPU is one of the most important parts of your
computer, so you often choose your motherboard based
on compatibility with the CPU you intend to use. The CPU
needs to be 100% compatible with the motherboard
socket for it work.
Expansion Card Slots

The expansion card slots are where you add

extra components such as video card,
network card, audio card, or PCIe SSD. The
slots are located in the bottom half of the
motherboard below the CPU socket.
Video Card Slot

The video card slot lets you install a dedicated GPU and boost the
graphical performance of your computer further than an AMD APU
or Intel CPU would. This goes to the high data slots, like the PCIe
slot or AGP slot. Ports include, but are not limited to, (depends on
the card):

 HDMI
 DVI
 DisplayPort
 USB-C
Network Card Slot

The network card slot is where you put

the Network Interface Card (NIC). This
allows you to connect to other computer
networks via LAN or the internet. It has
an RJ-45 port at the back.
Modem Card Slot

This is where you connect your network

card so you can connect to the internet
through the telephone line. Obviously, this
is an older technology than the above NIC.
This typically has 2 RJ -11 connectors to
connect to the telephone .
Audio Card Slot

This is where audio cards fit. They convert electrical signals to

the audio signals or sounds that we can hear. Depending on
the type of audio, there will be different types of ports found
at the back. But it usually has several 3.5mm ports used for the
following:

 Microphone
 Speaker
 Recorder
 Gaming Joystick
RAM (Memory) Slots

RAM or Random Access Memory, slots are one of the

important parts on a motherboard.

The RAM slots are, unsurprisingly, where you place the

RAM modules. There is the SIMM slot ( Single In-line
Memory Module) that only supports a 32-bits bus and
there is the DIMM slot (Dual Inline Memory Module) that
can simultaneously run with a 64-bit bus
.
M.2 Slot

The northbridge chip is connected directly to the CPU and handles fast
communication between the CPU and performance-sensitive components such as the
graphics card and system memory.

It is also connected to the southbridge chip that acts as a communications hub too.
However, the southbridge communicates with less performance-sensitive
components susch as USB ports, storage devices, onboard nteworks and audio chips.

Nowadays modern CPUs have the northbridge inside of them, which is why you can’t
find a northbridge on modern motherboards., This is a faster, more responsive system
and has reduced latency when compared to the older, on-board northbridge.

The southbridge chip, however in on the physical motherboard but is usually covered
with a heatsink that’s engraved with the logo of the motherboard’s brand.
OTHER PARTS OF A MOTHERBOARD AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

Since the introduction of the Intel 5 series, Intel calls the southbridge the Platform
Controller Hub, or PCH, while AMD still calls it the southbridge.

ROM CHIP

ROM is where critical information needed to start a computer is stored. It’s very
hard ( if not impossible) to modify the content of ROM.

Unlike RAM , where information is lost when power is turned off, ROM retains the
content even the computer is turned off. This is why RAM is considered ‘’ volatile ‘’
while ROM in non’volatile.’’
VRMs ( VOLTAGE Regulator Module)

VRM also called a processor power module

(PPM) is a component that acts very similar to a
computer power supply unit (PSU). It cuts down
the voltage, a process that actually happens
several times before the electricity even
reaches your home, to provide the CPU with the
exact amount of voltage it needs.
Top motherboard manufacturers:

ASRock
Asus
Biostar
EVGA Corporation
Gigabyte Technology
MSI ( Micro-Star International )
Identify the following types and parts of motherboard. Write your answer on the
space provided.

_____1. Is where all the information and settings for the motherboard are stored. It can be accessed, updated and
modified via the BIOS mode.

_____2. It is a socket is where your CPU (processor) is installed.

____3. This is where audio cards fit. They convert electrical signals to the audio signals or sounds that we can hear.

____4. This is where you install a dedicated GPU and boost the graphical performance of your computer further than
an AMD APU or Intel CPU would. This goes to the high data slots, like the PCIe slot or AGP slot. Ports include, but are
not limited to, (depends on the card):

____5. It is the most common form factor for motherboards is the ATX form factor. The board is approximately 12’’ x
9.6” (30cm x 24cm).
____6. Is an older style form factor that is not used very often anymore. We might see it in some older
motherboards but it’s not likely to encounter it with newer motherboards.

____7. The size is 16.2’’ x 13’’ ( 41,1 cm x 33cm). It is longer in order to provide space for two additional CPU
sockets.

____8. The measure of ITX are 4.7’’ x 4.7’’ ( 12 cm x 12 cm). It is used with smaller devices like set-top boxes, car
PC’s, media centers, and other embedded devices.

____9. The size is 9’’ x 7.5’’ (22.9cm x 19.1cm). It is derived from Micro ATX and is used in small computer cases.

____10. Is an even smaller version of the ATX standard, with a maximum size of 9.6’’ x 9.6’’ (24cm x 24cm). The
faceplate line up to the exact same position as in all other versions of ATX
Identify the parts of the motherboard
Pick and Tell
I have here a mystery box, all you need to do
is to pick one inside the mystery box then
answer your winning question.
Test 1. MULTIPLE CHOICE
. Directions: Identify the statement given below and write the letter of your answer on the space
provided at the right side.

This is where you add extra components such as video card, network card, audio card, or PCIe SSD.
The slots are located in the bottom half of the motherboard below the CPU socket.

a. Modem Card Slot b. Expansion Card slots c. Video card slots d. Network card slots
1._________

Is an even smaller version of the ATX standard, with a maximum size of 9.6’’ x 9.6’’ (24cm x 24cm).
The faceplate line up to the exact same position as in all other versions of ATX

Mini ATX b. Micro ATX c. ATX Form Factor d. Flex ATX 2._________

It is the smallest form factor with the size of 2.4’’ x 2.4’’

Nano ITX b. Em ITX c. Mobile ITX d. Pico ITX 3._________
The size is 3.9’’ x 2.8 ‘’ (10cm x 7,2 cm ).
a.DTX Form Factor b. Pico ITX c. Mobile ITX d. Mini DTX
4._________

Is an older style form factor that is not used very often

anymore. We might see it in some older motherboards but it’s
not likely to encounter it with newer motherboards.

a.NLX Form Factor b. BTX Form Factor c. Mobile ITC d. Mini

DTX 5.________
Test II. KEY LIST
Directions: Identify the parts of the motherboard. Choose your answer inside the box.

HEATSINK BACK PANEL AND I/O CONNECTORS CPU SOCKET

PCI CAPACITORS SATA RAID 4 MEMORY SLOTS
PCI EXPRESS 24-PIN ATX POWER CONNECTOR
ATA ( IDE) CONNECTOR
 MATCHING TYPE: Directions: Identify the following types of motherboard matching Column A with
Column
Colum B. Write A
the letter Column
of your answer in Colum C. B Column C
1. This is where you add extra components
such as video card, network card, audio
card, or PCIe SSD. The slots are located in A. Mobile ITX 1.
the bottom half of the motherboard
below the CPU socket.

2. It is the smallest form factor with the size

of 2.4’’ x 2.4’’ A. PICO ITX 1.
3. Is an older style form factor that is not
used very often anymore. We might see it in A. MICRO ATX 1.
some older motherboards but it’s not likely
to encounter it with newer motherboards.

4. The size is 3.9’’ x 2.8 ‘’ (10cm x 7,2 cm ).

A. NLX Form Factor 4.
5. Is an even smaller version of the ATX
standard, with a maximum size of 9.6’’ x 9.6’’ E. Expansion Card Slots 5.
(24cm x 24cm). The faceplate line up to the
exact same position as in all other versions
of ATX
All types of computers are equipped with what we called the HARDWARE
and the SOFTWARE which allows them to function.

Hardware

-any part of computer that has a physical structure such as keyboard or mouse.

-
.
Also includes all of the computer’s internal parts.

- SOFTWARE

- Any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do and how to do it.

- Ex. Of software include web browsers, games and word processor.

HARWARE AND SOFTWARE
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES
OF COMPUTERS?
 DESKTOP COMPUTER
Many people use desktop computers
at work, home and school. Desktop
computers are designed to be
placed on a desk and they’re
typically made up of a few different
parts, including the computer case,
monitor and mouse.
This type of computer began with the original IBM PC
that was introduced in 1981. Other companies began
creating similar computers, which were called IBM PC
COMPATIBLE ( often shorten to PC). Today, this is the
most common type of personal computer and it
typically includes the MICROSOFT WINDOWS
OPERATING SYSTEM

MAC – the Macintosh computer was introduced in 1984

and it was the first widely sold personal computer with
a graphical user interface,or GUI ( pronounced gooey)
All MACS are made by one company (APPLE), AND
THEY ALMOST ALWAYS USE THE MAC OS X OPERATING
SYSTEM
 LAPTOP COMPUTER

The second type of computer you may be familiar with is a

laptop computer, commonly called a laptop. Laptop are
battery-powered computers that are more portable than
desktops, allowing you to use them almost anywhere.
 TABLET COMPUTER

Tablet computer- or tablets are handheld

computers that are even more portable
than laptops. Instead of a keyboard and
mouse, tablets use a touch sensitive
screen for typing and navigation. The
IPAD IS an example of a tablet.
 SERVER
A server is a computer that serves up
information to other computers on a
network. For example, whenever you use
the internet, you’re looking something
that’s stored on a server. Many
businesses also use local file servers to
store and share files internally.
 OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTERS

SMARTPHONES

Many cell phones can do a lot of

things computer can do, including
browsing the internet and playing
games. They are often called
.
smartphones.
 OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTERS

WEARABLES

Wearable technology is a general

term for a group of devices
including fitness trackers and
.
smartwatches-that aredesigned
to be worn throughout the day.
These devices are often called
wearables foe short.
 OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTERS

Game consoles

A game console is a specialized

type of computer that is used for
playing games on your tv
.
 OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTERS

TV’s

Now include applications or apps

that let you access various types
of online content. For example,
you can stream video from. the
internet directly onto your TV.
SHOW ME WHAT YOU GOT!!
.i

.
SHOW ME WHAT YOU GOT!!
.

.
SHOW ME WHAT YOU GOT!!
.i

.
SHOW ME WHAT YOU GOT!!
.i

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THANK YOU
THE ANSWER
HARD

C. Donkey B. Orangutan
CONGRATULATI
ONSWINNER!
THANK YOU FOR PLAYING