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How To Develop A Paragraph

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4 views

How To Develop A Paragraph

hfljdhslaf;sạ;j;j

Uploaded by

dangnt05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 34

WHAT IS A PARAGRAPH?

Farida Noor Rohmah, M.Pd.


Learning Objectives:

After joining this meeting, you will be able to:

1. Identify the three key parts of a paragraph:


topic sentence, supporting details, and
conclusion
2.Write a paragraph containing a topic sentence,
supporting details, and conclusion.
A PARAGRAPH IS…

• A group of related sentences dealing


with one topic
• In academic writing, a paragraph
usually consists of five until ten
sentences long.
A good paragraph?

https://www.menti.com/nviem1ufky

Or go menti.com with code: 3208 2598

Or scan me
Paragraph structure

Topic sentence

Supporting sentences

Concluding sentence
PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

A paragraph regularly has three parts:

1. Topic Sentence: It is usually the first sentence in a


paragraph.

2. Supporting Sentences: They support the


information of the topic sentence. It includes
specific details

3. Concluding Sentence: It reminds what the topic


sentence was about.
WHAT IS A TOPIC SENTENCE?

The Topic Sentence:

 expresses the main idea of a paragraph.


 is usually the first sentence of a paragraph.
 contains the central idea.
 Is also the most sentence in a
general paragraph.
EXAMPLE OF A TOPIC SENTENCE

There are three reasons why


Canada is one of the best countries
of the world.
Topic sentences

The topic of a paragraph is generally introduced by a


key sentence. This is called a topic sentence
because it contains the central idea of the
paragraph. It often -but not always- comes at the
beginning of the paragraph.

The topic sentence has 2 parts:


Topic + controlling idea

The topic is the subject of the paragraph and


the controlling idea tells what the paragraph will
tell
Topic sentences

Examples of:
Topic +
controlling
idea

• Pollution in
ABC Town
is the worst
in the
world.
• Dogs can
help you to
WHAT IS A SUPPORTING SENTENCE?

The Supporting Sentence:

 develops, explains and supports the


main idea of the paragraph.

•May contains reasons, facts, statistics,


quotations and examples.

 explains why the main idea is true.


Good vs. Weak Support

Weak Support
Good support •Lacks a clear connection to
the point that it’s meant to
•Is relevant and focused support.
(sticks to the point). •Lacks development.
•Is well developed. •Lacks detail or gives too
•Provides sufficient detail. much detail.
•Is vivid and descriptive. •Is vague and imprecise.
•Is well organized. •Lacks organization.
•Is coherent and consistent. •Seems disjointed (ideas don’t
•Highlights key terms and clearly relate to each other).
ideas. •Lacks emphasis of key terms
and ideas.
EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTING SENTENCES

First, Canada has an excellent health care system.


All Canadians have access to medical services at a reasonable
price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education.
Students are taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged
to continue studying at university. Finally, Canada’s cities are
clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have many
parks and lots of space for people to live.
Avoid Unrelated Supporting Sentences

Some writers include too many ideas in one paragraph. Remember that a
paragraph should focus on just one controlling idea.

Please find unrelated supporting Sentence:

Certain qualities are typical of good restaurants. These restaurants offer fast
and friendly service, with servers who are friendly and courteous. They make
sure that customers’ needs are met throughout the meal. Since customers
are choosing to eat out, obviously the quality the food is important. A good
restaurant uses fresh ingredients in its dishes. Some of the best-quality
cheeses can be imported from France. Good restaurants also have a
pleasant atmosphere. They are clean and well maintained and they all pay
attention to details such as decor, lighting and music.
WHAT IS A CONCLUDING SENTENCE?

The Concluding Sentence:

 Is usually the last sentence of the paragraph.


 Restates the main idea.
 Is used to finish the paragraph or to prepare the
reader for the following paragraph.
 Should not introduce a new point.
EXAMPLES OF CONCLUDING SENTENCES

As a result, Canada is a desirable place to live.

For those reasons, Canada attracts a lot of


immigrants. Wouldn’t you like to live there?

Canada is a great model for other countries to


follow.
CHECK THE STRUCTURE OF THIS
PARAGRAPH…

Through the centuries rats have managed to survive all


our efforts to destroy them. We have poisoned them and
trapped them. We have fumigated, flooded, and burned
them. Some rats even survived atomic bomb tests
conducted on Entwetokatoll in the Pacific after World War II.
In spite of all our efforts, these enemies of ours continue to
prove that they are the most indestructible of pests.

Can you identify the TS, SS and CS?


TS, SS & CS

Through the centuries rats have managed to


survive all our efforts to destroy them. We have
poisoned them and trapped them. We have
fumigated, flooded, and burned them. Some rats
even survived atomic bomb tests conducted on
Entwetokatoll in the Pacific after World War II. In
spite of all our efforts, these enemies of ours
continue to prove that they are the most
indestructible of pests.
Types of paragraph development

•compare and contrast - paper compares


and contrasts two or more topics by
presenting ideas through examples in
paragraphs
•analysis - analyzes data or theories
through examples
•process - describes how something works
through steps
•description - creates a mental picture for
readers using clear, concise writing
How to develop a paragraph?

1. Write a list of everything you know about your


topic on a sheet of paper.
2. Narrow your list to at least three main points
that you want to include in your paragraph,
and write an example/elaboration for each
point.
3. Rank your main points in order of importance,
in chronological order and in spatial order to
see how best to organize them in your
paragraph.
Let’s try.

- Jogging is my favourite sport.


- Cheap
- Simple and easy
- Make new friends
- Anywhere
Your turn!
WHEN WRITING A PARAGRAPH
REMEMBER…

To check:

 Content
 Structure
 Form
CONTENT

 Develop only one idea.


 Be coherent. This makes your paragraph easy
to understand.
 Focus on the main idea.
 Elaborate and develop your topic sentence. This means
that the topic should be explained in detail.
 Add explanations, details and examples to
the supporting sentences.
STRUCTURE

Make sure your paragraph has:

 One topic sentence.


 As many supporting sentences as you need.
 A concluding sentence.
FOR
M
Make sure
that you:

 Write clear sentences (S+V+C)


 Check your spelling and grammar.
Writing
Practice
1. Brainstorm
2. What is the main idea?
3. What are 3 details that tell more
about our main idea?
4. What is our main idea again? (in new
words)
Yay! Our paragraph is finished!
https://padlet.com/faridanoor88/zjdhl6n8z8h7aad4
References

Zemach, Dorothy E & Rumisek, Lisa A. (2005).


Academic Writing from Paragraph to Essay.
Macmillan Education: Oxford.

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