UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Subject Name: Cloud Computing & Distributed Systems
Subject Code: 21CST-378/21ITT-378

INTRODUCTION TO IOT DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

 Cloud Computing & Distributed
Systems
Course Outcomes
CO1: Understanding of various paradigm of cloud computing
and distributed systems.
CO2: Articulate the basic concepts, key technologies,
strength and limitation of cloud computing and possible
applications.
CO3: Appraise the architecture and infrastructure of cloud
computing including SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, UCaaS/FaaS public
cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud.
CO4: Interpret various data, scalability, security and cloud
services to acquire efficient database for cloud storage.
CO5: Develop the appropriate cloud computing solutions
and recommendations according to the application used.
2
Cloud Computing
& Distributed
Systems

Contents

Case studies related to existing

cloud services like Google, EMC
VMware, NetApp, Microsoft,
Amazon, IBM, Salesforce.com
and any other Partnerships.

3
Cloud Computing & Distributed
Systems

UNIT 3
CLOUD SECURITY SERVICES

CHAPTER 6
CASE STUDIES

4
Case Studies related to existing cloud services like
Google, EMC VMware, NetApp, Microsoft,
Amazon, IBM, Salesforce.com and any other
Partnerships.
(CO-5)

5
Market Dynamics—VMware
Adoption
Continues at a Rapid Pace The Path to Success

Process and Technical

Standard Phase
• Extended Mobility
• “VM First” Policy
NUMBER OF

Heavy Use Phase

• DISASTER RECOVERY
• Tier 1 applications
• Backup built for VM
• Performance/Quality of Service
• VM Mobility
VMs

• VDI

Light Use Phase

• Utility servers
Pilot Phase
• POC servers • High availability
• Testing/development
Time
TIME
15K IOPs – Good for I/O-Intensive
VMs
30K IOPs – Exceeds the Load of Many
Databases
60K IOPs – Around 120,000 Exchange
Mailboxes
100K IOPs!
VMware and EMC: Meeting Extreme
Storage Needs. When do you need
100K
IOPS on a single ESX VMware ESX EMC
Server CLARiiON CX3-80
Server?
200K Microsoft Exchange
Storage Fabric
mailboxes
85 average four--way DBs
What does it take?
Nearly 500 disks
Three CX3-80s
Joint VMware/EMC testing details here:
77 TB of disk space!
http://blogs.vmware.com/performance/2008/05/100000-io-opera.html
Market Dynamics—Disaster Recovery is
a
Top VMware Requirement
“How important are the following motivations for adopting server virtualization?”
Very important Important Slightly/somewhat important Not important Doesn’t know or does not apply to me

Cut hardware costs 43% 39% 12% 6% 1%

Improve power and cooling 21% 37% 29% 10% 3%

Improve server 41% 46% 8%4% 1%

manageability and flexibility
Create a shared IT 27% 40% 22% 10% 1%
infrastructure
49% 34% 12% 4% 2%
Improve disaster recovery and
business continuity
Base: 197 server decision-makers at North American and European enterprises that are interested in, are implementing in the
next 12 months, or have already implemented server virtualization for x86 servers (percentages may not total 100 because of
rounding)

Source: Enterprise and SMB Hardware Survey, North America and Europe, Q3 2007; Forrester Research, Inc.
Local Information
Protection Traditional
Full and incremental backup: move 150–200% of data/week
Virtualization enables new backup
choices
Impact to existing process
Virtualization reduces or spare CPU/IO resources
Virtualization consolidates backup workloads
Virtualized systems have a significant amount of VMware ESX Server
redundant data
90% of data in VM’s is duplicateof(C:\) Hardware
Need more efficient method backing-up in a
virtualized environment mo NI Disk
CPU Me ry C
EMC Delivers Built for VMware
Efficient VMware backup: move 2–7% of data/week
Integrated data-de-duplication and backup-to- disk
solution
Tremendous backup process improvements
90% reduction in VMDK backup storage requirements 10x
improvement in backup times
De-dupe at source enables higher consolidation
VMware ESX Server
Available as a Virtual Appliance Enables Highest
Hardware
Consolidation Ratios!
CPU M em NI Disk
ory C
Remote Information Protection –
Disaster Recovery PRODUCTION
Virtual Infrastructure Requires Flexibility in Data A PP
A PP
A PP P
APP
Replication Solutions OS
OS
OS
OS
AP
OS
APP
A PP
A PP
OSO S APP
OS
OS
VMware Site Recovery Manager (SRM)
Simplifies planning and execution of BC/DR processes
Integrates with and inherits characteristics of storage replication
solutions
DR infrastructure needs to support both virtual and traditional
deployment
Enable transition from physical to virtual

EMC Delivers
Best-in-breed data replication solutions
Array-based
A PP
A PP
□All WAN topologies (IP, Layer 2, DWDM) Fabric-based OS O S
APP
A PP
APP
OS APP
OS
OS
□ Compression and heterogeneous configurations OS

Host-based
□Critical in many physical to virtual scenarios Application
integrated
RECOVERY
□ Upgrade to app-consistent replication for all Tier 1 apps
(Exchange, SQL Server, Oracle, SAP)
Enabling Technology—VMware
Site Recovery Manager
Site Recovery Manager Leverages VMware Infrastructure and EMC Advanced
Replication Software to Automate Disaster Recovery
Turns complex manual
recovery runbooks into PRODUCTION RECOVERY
automated recovery plans APP APP APP APP APP
APP APP APP OS
Delivers central management of OS OS

recovery plans from VirtualCenter OS OS

OS OS

Simplifies and automates disaster OS

recovery workflows:
Setup, testing, failover

Makes disaster recovery rapid, reliable, Site Recover Manager Requires

Replication Technology
manageable, affordable
EMC SRDF family, MirrorView, Celerra Replicator, and
RecoverPoint
Before VMware Site Recovery Manager
Manual Administrator Tasks
11. Recover local VM 7. Scan for new disk
8. Register VM
9. Power-up VM
3. Shut down the virtual
machine

4. Pause replicated
image (journal
ESX Server captures) ESX Server
5. Select most recent (disaster recovery)
RecoverPoint
snapshot RecoverPoint
SAN WAN SAN
6. Allow image access
to remote VMware
ESX

10. Failback

1. VM mapped to LUNs and 2. Replicate

consistency groups LUNs
With VMware Site Recovery Manager
Shut down the virtual machine
Pause replicated image (journal captures) Select most
recent snapshot
Allow image access to remote VMware ESX Server
Scan for new disk Register VM
Power-up right VMs in right
sequence
* User initiates failback
Reverse replication direction, sync data Recover local
VM
ESX Server ESX Server
(disaster recovery)
RecoverPoint RecoverPoint
SAN WAN SAN

1. VM mapped to LUNs and 2. Replicate

consistency groups LUNs
Enabling Technology—
EMC Advanced Replication Technologies
SRDF Family
The ultimate business continuity and disaster recovery solution
for the broadest range of use cases
2

MirrorView 1

Synchronous replication for flexible recovery-point and

4
recovery-time objective requirements 3

Celerra Replicator
FS/LUN FS/LUN
IP replication with Quality of Service to optimize LAN/WAN LAN

bandwidth utilization Snaps Snaps

SOFTWAR

SOFTWAR
HARDWAR

HARDWAR
RecoverPoint Windows
Replica of

E
Virtualization layer Intel Windows Virtualization layer Intel
Host, array, fabric continuous data protection (CDP),

E
architecture architecture
Linux
continuous remote replication (CRR), concurrent local and
remote (CLR) data protection; and compression Production ESX Servers Replica of Linux Backup Server
Bank in Southwest U.S.

•Profile:
• 180 branches, 7x24 operations
• Heterogeneous storage, VMware ESX Server 3.0.x, SQL Server-based transaction and batch-based check
processing applications

•Objectives:
• Replicate between twin data centers 250 miles apart, 10 Mb WAN

• 5-minute recovery point objective, 15-minute recovery time objective Periodic disaster recovery fire drills without
disruption of production servers

•Solution:
• RecoverPoint CRR, 2-node clusters at each site

• Cisco MDS-9506 with SSM and SSE (MDS-9000 SANTap Service) VMware Infrastructure 3 (ESX Server,
VMware High Availability, VMFS)
In Summary: Why EMC for VMware – 5
Reasons 2007 Server Virtualization
▶ Simple, easy-to-use solutions that integrate with and
extend all VMware advanced functions (e.g., DRS, Survey Results - IDC
Storage VMotion, SRM) 46%
▶ Flexibility for iSCSI, FC, and NFS – every protocol
VMware needs = no risk, no sacrifices, no protocol
wars
▶ Proven scaling, proven replication, proven
availability, proven tier 1 app solutions 26%
▶ Unique capabilities in VMware
environments:
Backup built for VMware
VDI solutions – from 1 image to 10,000 in 11%
8%
minutes 5% 4%
Change control and end-to-end virtual-to-physical management
Virtual appliances
Joint VMware/Exchange/SQL/Oracle/SAP solutions EMC HP Dell IBM Sun Other
▶ Net – more customers choose EMC for VMware
“For virtual servers, networked storage solutions are more heavily weighted toward Chart Source: IDC’s Server Virtualization 2007 Multiclient Study, Dec
EMC storage. In previous years, storage attached to virtual servers was highly captive 2007. Chart shows percentage of survey responses to a question
relative to the server hardware purchase.” about primary brand of network storage attached to virtual servers.
— Source: IDC’s Server Virtualization 2007 Multiclient Study, Dec 2007 N=311
* EMC and VMware were sponsors of this study
https://satvikakolisetty.medium.com/a-case-study-on-amazon-web-services-
7da1cff99c4c

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Competition

In its 2017 SEC filing Amazon describes the environment for our products and services as ‘intensely
competitive’. It views its main current and potential competitors as:

1) online, offline, and multichannel retailers, publishers, vendors, distributors, manufacturers, and
producers of the products we offer and sell to consumers and businesses;
(2) publishers, producers, and distributors of physical, digital, and interactive media of all types and all
distribution channels;
(3) web search engines, comparison shopping websites, social networks, web portals, and other online
and app-based means of discovering, using, or acquiring goods and services, either directly or in
collaboration with other retailers;
(4) companies that provide e-commerce services, including website development, advertising,
fulfillment, customer service, and payment processing;
(5) companies that provide fulfillment and logistics services for themselves or for third parties, whether
online or offline;
(6) companies that provide information technology services or products, including on- premises or cloud-
based infrastructure and other services; and
(7) companies that design, manufacture, market, or sell consumer electronics, telecommunication, and
electronic devices.
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 Summary
Cloud services are simpler to acquire and Scale up/ Scale Down

Economic Environment is accelerating adoption of Cloud Solutions

Despite applications of clouds in the library related environment and people; the cloud
computing
in libraries is not free from many questions being asked
How can libraries use the cloud to both personalize and localize the user’s information
seeking
experience?
Can the cloud save libraries’ money and resources by using computing devices more
efficiently?
How our users interact with the cloud, how our services may need to be modified to fit into
emerging user patterns?
What will happen if there is cloud burst? etc.
The cloud is already out there and libraries need to start thinking about how they may need to
adjust services in order to effectively adapt to how users are interacting with it. 24
QUIZ
1. What is the primary goal of cloud security?
a. Data replication b. Data confidentiality, integrity, and availability
c. High-speed data transfer d. Server virtualization
2. Which cloud security service is responsible for managing user access and permissions?
a. SIEM b. DDoS protection
c. IAM d. Encryption
3. What does DDoS stand for in the context of cloud security?
a. Data Distribution over Systems b. Distributed Denial of Service
c. Digital Data Optimization Service d. Dynamic Database on Servers
4. Which cloud security measure is used to ensure the confidentiality of data?
a. IAM b. SIEM c. Encryption d. DDoS protection
5. What does SIEM stand for in cloud security?
a. Secure Internet Exchange Management b. Security Information and Event Management
c. Systematic Incident and Event Monitoring d. Service Integration and Event Management
6. Which cloud security service provides real-time monitoring and analysis of security events?
a. IAM b. Encryption c. SIEM d. DDoS protection
7. What is the purpose of IAM in cloud security?
a. Ensuring data availability b. Managing user access and permissions
c. Encrypting data in transit d. Protecting against DDoS attacks

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 REFERENCES
TEXT BOOKS
1. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach by Toby Velte, Anthony Velte, Robert C. Elsenpeter, McGraw Hill Professional, 22 Oct 2009
2. Buyya, Rajkumar, James Broberg, and Andrzej M. Goscinski, eds. Cloud computing: Principles and paradigms. Vol. 87. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
3. Miller, Michael. Cloud computing: Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online. Que publishing, 2008.
4. Hurwitz, Judith S., et al. Cloud computing for dummies. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
5. Kris Jamsa. Cloud Computing: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Virtualization, Business Models, Mobile, Security and more, Jones &Bartlet Learning Company LC, 20012
REFRENCE BOOKS
1. G. Pfister. In Search of Clusters. Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 2nd Edition, NJ, 1998.
2. Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security, by John Rittinghouse and James F.Ransome, CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group
3. Joshy Joseph and Craig Fellenstein, Grid Computing, Person Edition, (2004).
4. Maozhen Li, Mark Baker, “The Grid Core Technologies”, John Wiley & Sons (2005).
5. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach for Learning and Implementation Paperback – 1 January 2014 by Srinivasan, Pearson Education
Video Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3FPxuKlnkU&list=PLFW6lRTa1g82dte3YD_7-GoZXcBiK6K9G
Web Links
1. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-a-distributed-system/
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-cloud-computing-and-distributed-computing/
3. https://www.ibm.com/topics/distributed-cloud
4. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/cloud-computing/
5. https://learn.rumie.org/jR/bytes/learn-the-basics-of-cloud-computing-in-3-minutes/?
utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=RumieLearn-Bytes%20%28non-NA%29&utm_term=cloud%20computing&utm_content=TS 26
%20-%20Computing%20In%20Cloud%20Computing
THANK YOU