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Program For Problem Solving Unit3

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8 views

Program For Problem Solving Unit3

Uploaded by

nyxx4811
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 3 – String Basics

In C programming, a string is a sequence of characters terminated with a null character \


0.
For example: char c[] = "c string";
When the compiler encounters a sequence of characters enclosed in the double
quotation marks, it appends a null character \0 at the end by default.
In C language strings are stored in array of char type along with null terminating
character \0.
Synatx:
char fname[4];
The above statement declares a string called fname that can take up to 3 characters.
fname[]={‘J’,’O’,’E’}
J O E \0
char name[10]; can store maximum of 9 characters.
Unit 3 – String Declaration and Initialization
• How to declare a string?
• char s[5];

• How to initialize strings?


• char s[] = "abcd";
• char s[50] = "abcd";
• char s[] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', '\0'};
• char s[5] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', '\0'};
Unit 3 – String Functions

• 1. gets()
• 2. puts()
• 3. getchar()
• 4. putchar()
• 5. Printf()
Unit 3 – String Functions
• 1. gets()
• It is used to take a single input at a time but can be used to input a
complete sentence with spaces unlike scanf(). It stops reading character
when the newline character is read or end-of the file is reached.
• Declaration
• char *gets(char *str)
• str- This is the pointer to an array of characters where the C string is
stored.
• Return Value:
• This function returns str on success, and NULL on error or when end of
file occurs.
Unit 3 – String Functions
Unit 3 – String Functions
• 2. puts()
• This function writes strings or lines to stdout, i.e, the output stream. The string is
printed with newline and an integer value is returned.
• Declaration
• int puts(const char* string)
• Example:
# include<stdio.h>
void main(){
// Initializing the string.
char string[] = "SRM University";
// Writing our string to stdout.
puts(string);
}
Unit 3 – String Functions
• OUTPUT

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