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    Lecture 3_bk10a1201 Research Methods and Reliability

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    Lecture 3_bk10a1201 Research Methods and Reliability

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    Lecture 3_bk10a1201 Research Methods and Reliability

    Uploaded by

    linh nguyen

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    Research

    methods and
    reliability
    Lecture 3

    Dr. Harri Eskelinen


    Issues dealing with
    research methods
    • Qualitative methods
    • Quantitative methods
    • Developed measuring algorithms and methods
    • Reliability, validity and sensitivity aspects
    • Error, saturation and accuracy analysis
    Some guidelines:
    • Remember to describe the methods so that it would be possible to repeat the
    research exactly in the same way based on the description in the research
    plan.
    • The key-point is to ensure that the described methods and methodologies can
    be utilized to answer to the research questions and to solve the research
    problem.
    • Describe both the practical measurements or other ways to collect data and
    how the data will be analyzed.
    • Remember to describe reliability and validity analyses.
    • Do not forget to describe the sensitivity analysis.
    • Note that error and saturation analyses are not the sama as sensitivity or
    reliability analyses.
    • Remember to take care of required accuracy during the measurements and
    calculations.
    • Try to utilize methods and approached which are well-known inside the
    scientific community or which are even standardized procedures.
    • It is recommended that triangulation is utilized in cases where it is
    reasonable.
    • Qualitative • Quantitative
    1 0.02 -1.1 100 A

    2 0.04 1.2 110 A

    3 0.01 -1.2 80 B

    4 N/A 1.0 70 B

    5 0.02 0.0 71 C

    6 0.04 2.0 74 C

    7 0.07 -2.2 75 N/A

    8 0.01 -2.4 77 A

    9 0.00 -0.5 79 A

    10 0.00 -0.5 79 A
    Research topic Qualitative research Quantitative research
    (simplified) set up set up

    Effectiveness of the What kinds of challenges How many % did the


    production line’s and advantages were production costs
    implementation observed during the first decrease during the first
    process year after the production year because of the
    line’s implementation? production line’s
    implementation?
    Research topic Qualitative research Quantitative research
    (simplified) set up set up

    Effectiveness of the What kinds of challenges How many % did the


    production line’s and advantages were production costs
    implementation observed during the first decrease during the first
    process year after the production year because of the
    line’s implementation? production line’s
    implementation?

    Importance of web- What kinds of aspects How much did sales


    based marketing have motivated customers increase during the last
    campaign to increase to participate to the month after the new web-
    the sales of a new discussions about the new based marketing
    technical product product in social media campaign
    during the marketing
    campaign?
    Research topic Qualitative research Quantitative research
    (simplified) set up set up

    Effectiveness of the What kinds of challenges How many % did the


    production line’s and advantages were production costs
    implementation observed during the first decrease during the first
    process year after the production year because of the
    line’s implementation? production line’s
    implementation?

    Importance of web- What kinds of aspects How much did sales


    based marketing have motivated customers increase during the last
    campaign to increase to participate to the month after the new web-
    the sales of a new discussions about the new based marketing
    technical product product in social media campaign
    during the marketing
    campaign?
    Relationship between Why A affects B? How A affects B?
    two variables A and B
    (A= product’s technical
    performance and B=
    product’s
    manufacturing costs)
    Case: Stepwise approach for quantitative
    analysis

    1. Frequencies for 2. Absolute 3. Probability 4. Tests for normal


    each group probabilities distributions distributions

    5. Tests to find better 6. Correlations and 7. Curve fitting to 8. Error analysis


    probability other characteristics describe correlations
    distribution curves to describe and for building
    relationships estimation models
    between variables 9. Results based on
    quantitative analysis
    to support possible
    qualitative analysis
    Typical quantitative
    approaches in engineering:
    • Mathematical modeling (sometimes combined with
    scale models)
    • Technical calculations combined with simulations
    and virtual modelling
    • Laboratory tests with numerical analysis of
    measured data
    • Statistical analyses
    Typical qualitative
    approaches in engineering:
    • Customers’ satisfaction inquiries and interviews
    dealing with a new product’s testing phase or a
    prototype development
    • Utilization of specialists or experts to formulate the
    new multidisciplinary development programs for
    sustainable science or energy technology
    applications
    • Saving and handling personnel’s tacit knowledge in
    industrial companies
    THEORY
    TRIANGULATION

    TRIANGULATIONS

    METHODS SOURCES
    TRIANGULATION TRIANGULATION

    RESEARCHERS
    TRIANGULATION
    Laboratory tests

    3
    B C

    Triangulation
    Literature search
    Delfoi interview

    1 2
    A

    1 2 3 A B C
    Three independent Three comparisons
    data sources during verification
    Team of experts

    1st interview

    2nd interview

    3rd interview

    Collected Collected Collected


    comments 1 comments 2 comments 3

    Report

    Version 1

    Researcher
    Version 2
    Interviewer

    DELFOI INTERVIEW Version 3


    Reliability
    analysis

    Have you
    measured the
    results in the
    right way?
    Reliability Validity
    analysis analysis

    Have you Have your


    measured the measured the
    results in the right thing?
    right way?
    Reliability Validity Error
    analysis analysis analysis

    Have you Have your What is the


    measured the measured the calculated
    results in the right thing? range of
    right way? results’
    mathematical
    error?
    Reliability Validity Error Accuracy
    analysis analysis analysis analysis

    Have you Have your What is the How many


    measured the measured the calculated decimals can
    results in the right thing? range of be used to
    right way? results’ measure and
    mathematical calculate the
    error? results?
    Reliability Validity Error Accuracy Sensitivity
    analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis

    Have you Have your What is the How many What is the
    measured the measured the calculated decimals can critical sample
    results in the right thing? range of be used to size which
    right way? results’ measure and affects or
    mathematical calculate the changes the
    error? results? conclusions?
    Reliability Validity Error Accuracy Sensitivity Saturation
    analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis

    Have you Have your What is the How many What is the Have you
    measured the measured the calculated decimals can critical sample collected
    results in the right thing? range of be used to size which enough data
    right way? results’ measure and affects or or
    mathematical calculate the changes the observations
    error? results? conclusions? to be able to
    make
    conclusions?
    Reliability Validity Error Accuracy Sensitivity Saturation
    analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis analysis

    Have you Have your What is the How many What is the Have you
    measured the measured the calculated decimals can critical sample collected
    results in the right thing? range of be used to size which enough data
    right way? results’ measure and affects or or
    mathematical calculate the changes the observations
    error? results? conclusions? to be able to
    make
    conclusions?
    Sensitivity analysis

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