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Good Morning… How are you?
Prepared by : Richard M. Mangune Camba High School English Language Teacher What am I? I am a word. A special verb in particular. I behave very differently from normal verbs. My present and past forms can be combined to be-phrase or verb phrase. With this they also call me ‘auxiliary’ I am a 6 letter word. M_d_l_ I am MODALS Modals do not take the –s in the third person. E.g. He can speak Chinese. She should be here by 7:00. You use “ not” to make modals negative, even in the simple present and simple past tense. E.g. He should not be late. They might not come to the party. Many modals cannot be used in the past tenses or future tenses. E.g He will can go with us. NOT CORRECT She musted study hard. NOT CORRECT The present and past forms of the common modals are as follows; PRESENT ® PAST can could will would shall should may might must had to I am MODALS, I express a variety of meanings 1. Can denotes a) ability, b) permission or request, or c) possibility. a) Mylene can design dresses. She could work for hours. b) Can I call you up? Could you turn off the radio? c) Life can be difficult. Traffic could be heavy. 2. Will indicates a) futurity or b) willingness or choice a) The meeting will begin early. b) I will see you tomorrow. Will you be ready? Would expresses a) willingness in a potential way b) polite question or request, c) future intention from the past point of view, or d) past habitual action a) I would apply If I were you. b) Would you help me? c) The lawyer said he would study it. d) When they were small, they would go camping. 3. Shall expresses a) suggestion, b) in the same way as will, but is often used in ceremonies where protocol is an important factor. a) Shall we dance? Shall we leave at seven? b) We shall begin with an invocation. The Prime Minister shall welcome the delegates. Should expresses obligation. Citizens should serve the country. 4. May expresses a) permission, b) wish, or c) probability. a) You may leave now. May I walk with you. b) May God bless you. May there be peace in this world. c) The balloon may burst. It may rain tomorrow. Might is used to express less probability. a) She said she might come. b) The balloon might burst. 5. Must is used a) to express very strong obligation or necessity or b) in making inferences or conclusions. a) We must pay taxes. b) They must have scholarships. c) ( It barks. It wags its tail. ) It must be a dog. d) ( Leda wears a school uniform. She carries books. ) She must be a student. Let’s try this! Complete each sentence with the right modal. The intended meaning is given in the parentheses.
1. Mylene _____ train in computer servicing next
year. ( futurity ) 2. Aimee ___ go see a doctor right away. ( necessity ) 3. The ship _____ sink in the high seas. ( less probability ) 4. ____ you always keep your promise. ( wish ) 5. Overwork ____ make people sick. ( probability ) 6. Steven ___ play the piano. ( obligation ) 7. Emil ____ make an excellent teacher if he tried harder. ( willingness in a potential way ) 8. Classes are suspended. ____ we go to the library? ( suggestion ) 9. Jaime ____ play the violin. ( ability ) 10. The keys are not in your bag. You _____ have left them in your room. ( Inference ) How about another one! =) Restate the sentences using the appropriate modal. 1. It is necessary that we work hard. 2. Celine has the ability to do research. 3. There is a possibility of rain tomorrow. 4. It is possible that Frank is tired. 5. Sophie is willing in a potential way to be an excellent auditor. Good day! Practice more at home =) Possible Answers… 1. We must work hard. 2. Celine can do research. 3. There might be raining tomorrow. 4. Frank might be tired. 5. Sophie would be an excellent auditor.
