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    2.GIT Hormones

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    lamyaahmed001

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    2.GIT Hormones

    Uploaded by

    lamyaahmed001
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    0 views16 pages

    2.GIT Hormones

    Uploaded by

    lamyaahmed001

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 16

    Gastrointestinal Hormones

    Gastrin
    Is produce by G cells in antral portion of the
    gastric mucosa

    are flask-shaped with broad base containing


    many Gastrin granules and narrow apex
    reaches mucosal surface
    G34, G17, G14 . G17 and G14 half-lives 2-
    . 3min G34 half-life 15min
    Gastrin inactivated in kidney and SI

    : Action

    Stimulation of gastric acid and pepsin -1


    . secretion
    Stimulation of growth of mucosa of -2
    stomach ,small and large intestines
    .(trophic action )

    . Stimulation of gastric motility-3

    Stimulation insulin secretion only after -4


    a protein and not after carbohydrate
    .meal
    Stimuli that affect gastrin secretion

    Stimuli that increase gastrin secretion


    Luminal :Peptides and amino acids, Distention
    Neural :Increase vagal discharge via GRP
    Blood – borne
    Calcium
    Epinephrine

    Stimuli that inhibit gastrin secretion


    Luminal
    Acid
    Somatostatin
    Blood – borne
    Secretin, GIP, VIP, glucagon , Calcitonin
    Cholecystokinin –Pancreozymin
    , CCK 58, CCK 39, CCK 33, CCK 12, CCK8, CCK4

    produce I cells in the upper intestine , in distal


    . ileum and colon

    in neurons in brain
    cerebral cortex and in nerve in many parts of (
    )the body
    : Action
    Contraction of the gallbladder-1

    Secretion of a pancreatic juice rich in -2


    enzymes

    CCK augments of the action secretin in -3


    producing secretion of an alkaline pancreatic
    . juice

    Inhibits gastric emptying ,exerts trophic-4


    effect on the pancreas
    Increase the secretion of enterokinase and-5
    .enhance the motility of small intestine and colon

    Augments the contraction of pyloric sphincter -6


    with secretin ,thus prevent the reflux of duodenal
    . contents into stomach
    Gastrin and CCK stimulate glucagon -7
    . secretion

    In the brain is involved in regulation of food-8


    .intake and related to anxiety
    Control of secretion
    Is increased by contact of the intestinal-1
    .mucosa with peptides and amino acids

    also by presence in the duodenum of fatty


    acids containing more than 10 carbon atoms
    .
    Bile and pancreatic juice stimulate further -2
    . CCK secretion .positive feedback control
    Secretin
    Is secreted by S cells are located in the gland of
    mucosa of upper portion of small intestine
    Action
    Increase the secretion of bicarbonate by duct cells-1
    of pancreas and biliary tract ,it cause the secretion
    . of watery ,alkaline pancreatic juice

    Augment the action on of CCK in producing-2


    . pancreatic secretion of digestive enzymes

    2-It decreases gastric acid secretion and cause


    contraction of the pyloric sphincter .
    Control of secretion
    Secretion increase by the product of protein -1
    .digestion and by acid
    GIP
    Produce by K cells in the mucosa of the duodenum
    . and jejunum
    Its secretion is stimulated by glucose and fat in
    duodenum ,and in large dose inhibit gastric secretion
    and motility
    also stimulate insulin ,). gastric inhibitory peptide (
    . secretion
    VIP
    , It found in nerve in GIT and in blood
    stimulate intestinal secretion of electrolyte and of
    .water

    relaxation of smooth muscle including


    .. sphincters ,dilatation of peripheral blood vessels
    Peptide Y Y
    It inhibits gastric acid and motility ,it release
    from jejunum is stimulated by fat
    Somatostatin
    Is secreted by D cells in pancreatic islets and
    gastrointestinal mucosa ,also from
    , hypothalamus
    its inhibit secretion of
    gastrin ,VIP,GIP ,secretin , motilin , motility
    and gallbladder contraction and the
    absorption of glucose ,amino acids ,and
    . triglyceride

    .It secretion is stimulated by acid in lumen

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