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JavaProgramming_Lecture05

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14 views

JavaProgramming_Lecture05

Uploaded by

stacy russo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 20

AP/ITEC 2610 3.

00
Object Oriented
Programming
Lecture - 5
Oct, 06th 2022 (4pm-7pm)
Interface: Learning outcomes
- Multilevel inheritance class
- Interface class uses the keyword “implements”
• An interface can extend one or more Java interfaces
classes, which ordinary classes cannot do with
inheritance –
• Sadly Java does not support multiple inheritance
-Abstract VS Interface
-GUI examples
What is interface?
• Shared boundary that can exchange information between 2 or more
separate components of a system
• Exchange can be between computer software , hardware or
peripheral devices , humans or combination of these.
• Why do we need interface in Java? [Answer is in previous slide!]
Interface class implantation provides greater flexibility and excellent
reference type for polymorphism class designs examples
Architects select between interface class implementation and abstract
class implementation
Diamond Problem

• Java faces ambiguity between two parent classes!


• Super Class and Class A , B – which is Multiple inheritance
• This particular problem is called the Diamond problem
• Super class is being inherited by Class A and Class B
• We want to inherit the properties of Class A and Class B into a new
class - Class C
• Impossible! Seriously ?
Let’s solve it by creating 2 subclasses:

public class Main { public interface Prey {


public static void main(String[] args) { void flee();
Rabbit r = new Rabbit(); }
Hawk h = new Hawk();
r.flee(); public interface Predator {
h.hunt(); void hunt();
} }
}

public class Rabbit implements Prey{


public void flee() {

System.out.println("The rabbit is fleeing"); } public class Hawk implements Predator{


} public void hunt() {

System.out.println("The hawk is hunting"); }


}
Interfacing with both Prey Class and Predator Class:
Multi level Inheritance: combined using interface class
public class Fish implements Prey , Predator{

public void hunt() {

System.out.println("Whale Fish hunts smaller fish - OOPss!!"); }

public void flee() {


System.out.println("Cod Fish flees from a bigger fish - Hurra"); }

}
Arhums-Air:Interface arhumsultana$ java Main.java
The rabbit is fleeing
The hawk is hunting
Cod Fish flees from a bigger fish - Hurra
Whale Fish hunts smaller fish - OOPss!!

Note : Modify your main class by adding new object and constructor
Abstract VS Interface class

An abstract class can extend another Java class and implement multiple Java
interfaces.​
Abstract vs Interface
• Abstract class can provide the implementation of the interface.
Interface can’t provide the implementation of an abstract class.
• Abstract class can have final, non-final, static and non-static variables.
The interface has only static and final variables.
• Interface can have only abstract methods. An abstract class can have
both abstract and regular methods.
• Interface class is 100% abstract. All methods are abstract and can be
both public or private
• Interface class rescues when Vehicle and Electric Vehicle class can’t be
inherited by ‘Car’
Writing an abstract class with
interface Class:
Vehicle
Electric

Car Jet Truck

public interface electric { public Car extends Vehicle {


void runMotor(); void stop();
void charge(); void reverse();
} }
Abstract class
ApplianceInterface in java provide a way to achieve abstra

Vehicle
Electric

Heater Car Jet Truck

public interface electric { public Car extends Vehicle { public Jet extends Vehicle {
void runMotor(); void stop(); void propel();
void charge(); void reverse(); void land();
} } }
Extended
interface

interfaces should provide implementation for all


the methods declared in the interface.
Example of Interface Class: GUI

/* Hello GUI Class */

import javax.swing.*; // JFrame, JMenuBar, JMenu, JMenuItem


import java.awt.event.*; // ActionListener, ActionEvent

public class HelloGUI { … }

class ImagePanel extends JPanel implements MouseListener {


/* Get Full Code from Eclass */

Inheritance
GUI – Pressing the button example:
• Clicking a Button (or hitting the "Enter" key on a TextField) fires
an ActionEvent to all its ActionEvent listener(s)
• An ActionEvent listener must implement
the ActionListener interface, which declares
one abstract method called actionPerformed() as follow:

public interface ActionListener {


public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt);
// Called back upon button-click (on Button), enter-key pressed (on TextField)
}
GUI – Mouse Event example:
MouseEvent and MouseMotionListener Interface

• To handle the mouse-move and mouse-dragm


the MouseMotionListener interface declares the following two
abstract methods:
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e)
// Called-back when a mouse-button is pressed on the source
component and then dragged.
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e)
// Called-back when the mouse-pointer has been moved onto the
source component but no buttons have been pushed.
Method @Override in Java:
• If subclass (child class) has the same method as declared in the parent
class, it is known as method overriding in Java.
• In other words, If a subclass provides the specific implementation of
the method that has been declared by one of its parent class, it is
known as method overriding.
Usage of Java Method Overriding
• Method overriding is used to provide the specific implementation of a
method which is already provided by its superclass.
• Method overriding is used for runtime polymorphism
Rules for Java Method Overriding
• The method must have the same name as in the parent class
• The method must have the same parameter as in the parent class.
• There must be an IS-A relationship (inheritance).
Examples:
Method Overriding *No interface*
Homework:
• Expand the hello world GUI application by using both mouse and
keyboard interface classes (with multiple inheritance).
• Write down the interface class for slide # 14’s two methods.
Next Class, Next Assignment &
Midterm Test:
• Recursion in Java
• Assignment 1B (9 marks)
• Topics: Classes , Inheritance and GUI [Lecture 2, 3 and 4]
E-class Submission: Friday 14th Oct 2022 - 11:59pm (sharp)
• Mid Term Test:
Oct 27th 2022 @4:05pm [120mins]
0005 Accolade East Building
Topics: All topics till 20th Oct 2022– which is 1 week after!
Good luck!
Online reading
• Java Abstract class/method
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_abstract.asp

• Java Interface (w3schools.com)


https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_abstract.asp

• Java Interface for GUI apps


https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/java/j4a_gui.html

HAPPY READING WEEK!

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