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Numerical Descriptive Measure, Lecture-2

The document discusses various numerical descriptive measures including mean, median, mode, variance, and standard deviation, explaining their significance and calculations. It highlights the importance of understanding the relationships among these measures and introduces quartiles and percentiles as methods for dividing data sets. Additionally, it emphasizes the role of standard deviation as a measure of dispersion and the impact of outliers on the mean.

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adnan sami anik
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4 views

Numerical Descriptive Measure, Lecture-2

The document discusses various numerical descriptive measures including mean, median, mode, variance, and standard deviation, explaining their significance and calculations. It highlights the importance of understanding the relationships among these measures and introduces quartiles and percentiles as methods for dividing data sets. Additionally, it emphasizes the role of standard deviation as a measure of dispersion and the impact of outliers on the mean.

Uploaded by

adnan sami anik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Numerical Descriptive

Measure
• Mean: The mean calculated for sample data is denoted by (read as “x
bar”), and the mean calculated for population data is denoted by μ
(Greek letter mu).
• The effect of outlier on the mean.
• Median: The median is the value of the middle term in a data set that
has been ranked in increasing order.

173175 49723 20352 10824 40911 18038 61848

Find the median for these data


• Mode: The mode is the value that occurs with the highest frequency
in a data set.
77 82 74 81 79 84 74 78

Mode: 74
• Relationships Among the Mean, Median, and Mode
• Measures of Dispersion for Ungrouped Data

Thus, the mean, median, or mode by itself is usually not a sufficient measure to reveal the shape of the
distribution of a data set.

Then what will be the solution?


Range
Variance and Standard
Deviation
• The standard deviation is the most-used measure of dispersion. The
value of the standard deviation tells how closely the values of a data
set are clustered around the mean.
• In general, a lower value of the standard deviation for a data set
indicates that the values of that data set are spread over a relatively
smaller range around the mean.
• The standard deviation is obtained by taking the positive square root
of the variance. The variance calculated for population data is
denoted by σ2 and the variance calculated for sample data is denoted
by s2
Variance and Standard
Deviation

• The values of the variance and the standard


deviation are never negative
• The measurement units of the variance are always
the square of the measurement units of the original
data.
Population Parameters and
Sample Statistics
• Population Parameters: μ and σ
• Sample Parameter : x̅ and s
Mean for Grouped Data
Variance and Standard Deviation
for Grouped Data
Measures of Position
Quartiles and Interquartile Range
• Quartiles are the summary measures that divide a ranked data set
into four equal parts. Three measures will divide any data set into four
equal parts. These three measures are the first quartile (denoted by
Q1), the second quartile (denoted by Q2), and the third quartile
(denoted by Q3).
• The first quartile is the value of the middle term among the
observations that are less than the median, and the third quartile is
the value of the middle term among the observations that are greater
than the median.
• Find the values of the three quartiles. Where does the
total compensation of Michael D. White (CEO of
DirecTV) fall in relation to these quartiles?
• Find the interquartile range.
Percentiles
Percentiles are the summary measures that divide a ranked data set
into 100 equal parts.

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