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Python Functions Presentation (1)

The document provides an overview of Python data structures including Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries, and Sets, along with their basic operations and built-in functions. It also covers the definition and usage of functions, including parameters, return statements, and recursion. The importance of these concepts in programming for writing efficient and clean code is emphasized.

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4 views

Python Functions Presentation (1)

The document provides an overview of Python data structures including Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries, and Sets, along with their basic operations and built-in functions. It also covers the definition and usage of functions, including parameters, return statements, and recursion. The importance of these concepts in programming for writing efficient and clean code is emphasized.

Uploaded by

blah36230
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python: Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries,

Sets & Functions

Submitted by-
Shreyansh Mishra
Introduction
• Overview of data structures and functions in
Python
• Importance and usage in programming
Lists - Introduction
• Ordered, mutable collection of elements
• Defined using square brackets: my_list = [1, 2,
3]
• Common use cases: storing data, iterating
over elements
Lists - Basic Operations
• Adding elements: append(), extend(), insert()
my_list.append(4) # [1, 2, 3, 4]
my_list.extend([5, 6]) # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
my_list.insert(1, 'banana') # [1, 'banana', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
• Removing elements: remove(), pop(), del
my_list.remove('banana') # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
my_list.pop(2) # [1, 2, 4, 5, 6]
del my_list[0] # [2, 4, 5, 6]
• Updating elements: my_list[0] = 'new_value‘
• Checking existence: 'value' in my_list

my_list[0] = 'new_value'
Checking existence:
'value' in my_list
Lists - Indexing and Slicing
• Access elements using indices: list[0]
• Slicing: list[start:stop:step]
my_list[1:4] # Extracts elements from index 1 to 3
• Negative indexing: list[-1] for last element
• Example: my_list[1:4] extracts elements from
index 1 to 3
Lists - Built-in Functions
• len(): Returns the number of elements.
• max(): Returns the largest element.
• min(): Returns the smallest element.
• sum(): Returns the sum of elements.
• sorted(): Returns a sorted list
Tuples - Introduction
• Ordered, immutable collection of elements
• Defined using parentheses:
• Example: my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 'apple')
Tuples - Operations & Indexing
• Accessing elements like lists
my_tuple[0] # First element

• Cannot modify elements


Tuples are immutable.
Tuples - Built-in Functions
• len()
• max()
• min()
• count(): Returns the number of occurrences of
a value.
• index(): Returns the index of the first
occurrence of a value.
Dictionaries - Introduction
• Key-value pairs
• Defined using curly braces:
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
Dictionaries - Basic Operations
• Adding/updating elements: dict[key] = value
my_dict['c'] = 3 # {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
• Removing elements: pop(), del
• pop(): Removes and returns an element.
my_dict.pop('a') # {'b': 2, 'c': 3}
• del: Deletes an element.
del my_dict['b'] # {'c': 3}
Dictionaries - Built-in Functions
• keys(): Returns a view object of keys.
• values(): Returns a view object of values.
• items(): Returns a view object of key-value
pairs.
• get(): Returns the value for a key.
• pop()
• update(): Updates the dictionary with
elements from another dictionary.
Sets - Introduction
• Unordered, unique elements
• Defined using curly braces: my_set = {1, 2, 3}
Sets - Basic Operations
• Adding elements: add(), update()
• add(): Adds a single element.
my_set.add(4) # {1, 2, 3, 4}
• update(): Adds multiple elements.
my_set.update([5, 6]) # {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
• Removing elements: remove(), discard(), pop()
• remove(): Removes a specific
element.my_set.remove(1) # {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
• discard(): Removes a specific element without
raising an error if the element is not found.
• pop(): Removes and returns an arbitrary
element.
Sets - Built-in Functions
• union(): Returns a set containing all elements
from both sets.
• intersection(): Returns a set containing
common elements.
• difference(): Returns a set containing elements
in the first set but not in the second.
• issubset(): Checks if one set is a subset of
another.
The zip() Function
• Combines multiple iterables into tuples
Example:list(zip([1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c']))
# [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')]
Functions - Introduction
• Block of reusable code
• Defined using def keyword
def my_function():
print("Hello")
my_function()
# Output: Hello
Function Definition and Calling
• Syntax:
• def my_function():
• print("Hello")
• my_function()
The return Statement & Void Functions
• return sends a value back to the caller
def add(a, b):
return a + b
result = add(2, 3)
# result is 5
• Void functions do not return a value
def greet():
print("Hello")
greet()
# Output: Hello
Parameters & Arguments
• Positional Arguments: Order matters
Example:
def subtract(a, b):
return a - b
subtract(5, 2)
# Output: 3

• Keyword Arguments: Named parameters


Example:
def greet(name, message):
print(f"{message}, {name}")
greet(name="Alice", message="Hello")
# Output: Hello, Alice
• Default Arguments: Predefined values.
Example:
def greet(name, message="Hello"):
print(f"{message}, {name}")
greet("Alice")
# Output: Hello, Alice
Scope and Lifetime of Variables
• Local variables: Exist inside a function
def my_function():
local_var = 10
print(local_var)
my_function()
# Output: 10
• Global variables: Accessible everywhere
global_var = 20
def my_function():
print(global_var)
my_function()
# Output: 20
Returning Multiple Values
• Example: return a, b, c returns a tuple
def get_coordinates():
return 10, 20
x, y = get_coordinates()
# x is 10, y is 20
Recursive Functions
• A function that calls itself
• Example: Factorial function using recursion
def factorial(n):
if n == 1:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
factorial(5)
# Output: 120
Lambda Functions
• Anonymous, one-line functions
• Example: square = lambda x: x * x
square(5) # Output: 25
Conclusion
• Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries, Sets, and Functions
in Python.
• Importance of these concepts in writing
efficient and clean code.
Thank You!
• Questions?

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