Objectives

Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:

Explain the basic functions of different protocols used in the Base Station System and on the GSM air interface Explain the basic functions of different protocols used towards and between GPRS Support Nodes

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Chapter 17 - Slide 1

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

GSM network structure

SSF SCF
IN

PSTN/ISDN

GMSC

HLR

AUC SMS GMSC SMS IWMSC

Internet

SC

VLR
GGSN

MSC

EIR
IWF
Switching System

Base Station System

SGSN

TRC
GPRS

BSC

BTS

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Chapter 17 - Slide 2

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Signaling between MS and MSC

MS BTS BSC MSC

TUP / ISUP

CM MM

CM MM RR BSSAP SCCP MAP TCAP

RR RR BTSM

RR BTSM

BSSAP SCCP

SCCP

LAPDm
GSM L1

LAPDm
GSM L1

LAPD
Layer 1

LAPD MTP
Layer 1

MTP

MTP

Um
CM MM RR

Abis
BSSAP MAP TCAP SCCP ISUP TUP MTP

A
Base Station System Application Part Mobile Application Part Transaction Capabilities Application Part Signaling Connection Control Part ISDN User Part Telephony User Part Message Transfer Part

Connection Management Mobility Management Radio Resource Management CM,MM,RR = Radio Interface Layer 3 LAPDm Link Access Procedures for Dm-channel GSM L1 Air interface layer 1 BTSM BTS Management

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Chapter 17 - Slide 3

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Overview of air interface layer 3 functions

Call Control: SS Control: Other: SET-UP, CALL PROCEEDING, ALERTING, CONNECT, DISCONNECT, RELEASE HOLD, RETRIEVE, FACILITY, RELEASE COMPLETE START DTMF, STOP DTMF, EMERGENCY SETUP

Connection Management

BSC

MSC

Location Management: Security Management: CM Service Control:

LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST, IMSI DETACH INDICATION AUTHENTICATION REQUEST, IDENTITY REQUEST, TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND CM SERVICE REQUEST, CM SERVICE ACCEPT, ABORT

Mobility Management

BSC

MSC

Channel Control: Handovers: System Info: Other:

IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT, ASSIGNMENT COMMAND, CHANNEL RELEASE HANDOVER COMMAND, HANDOVER ACCESS, HANDOVER COMPLETE SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 1 8 PAGING, CIPHERING MODE COMMAND, CLASSMARK CHANGE

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Radio Resource Management

BSC

MSC

Chapter 17 - Slide 4

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Example LAPDm signaling

Acknowledged Mode
SABM SABM and UA frames are used to start acknowledged mode DISC and DM (not shown) are used to end acknowledged mode Every I frame contains a send sequence number Every RR or I frame contains a receive sequence number and can be used as acknowledgement or request for retransmission Long layer 3 messages can be segmented I Every frame is 23 octets long RR I Selected LAPDm Frame Types:

UA
I RR

Unacknowledged Mode
UI

SABM UA I RR DISC DM UI

Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode Unnumbered Acknowledgement Information frame Receiver Ready Disconnect Disconnected Mode Unnumbered Information frame

UI

No acknowledgements for UI frames No segmentation possible

UI

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Every frame is 23 octets long WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Chapter 17 - Slide 5

BSC-BTS layer 3 messages

Transparent layer 3 messages

LAPDm events

BTS

ESTABLISH REQUEST, ESTABLISH INDICATION, DATA REQUEST, DATA INDICATION UNIT DATA REQUEST, UNIT DATA INDICATION

BSC

Radio Link Layer Management

CHANNEL ACTIVATION, CHANNEL RELEASE, ENCRYPTION COMMAND, POWER CONTROL HANDOVER DETECTION, MEASUREMENT RESULT

Dedicated channel

BTS

BSC

Dedicated Channel Management

BCCH INFORMATION, PAGING COMMAND, CHANNEL REQUIRED, IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND

Common channels

BTS

BSC

Common Channel Management

SACCH FILLING, OVERLOAD, RF RESOURCE INDICATION

BTS

BSC

Transceiver Management

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Chapter 17 - Slide 6

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

BSSAP signaling at location updating

MSC BSS
Radio connection establishment MM: Location Updating Request BSSMAP: Complete layer 3 info (MM: Location Updating Request) SCCP: CR (Connection Request) SCCP: CC (Connection Confirm) DTAP: (MM: Authentication Request) SCCP: DT1 (Data Form 1) DTAP: (MM: Authentication Response) SCCP: DT1 (Data Form 1) DTAP: (MM: Location Updating Accept) SCCP: DT1 (Data Form 1) BSSMAP: Clear Command SCCP: DT1 (Data Form 1) BSSMAP: Clear Complete SCCP: DT1 (Data Form 1) SCCP: RLSD (Released) SCCP: CC (Release Complete) Radio connection release

MS

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Chapter 17 - Slide 7

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Part of call setup signaling between BSC and TRC

MSC TRC BSS MS

BSSMAP: Assignment Request

[SCCP: DT1] [SCCP: CR] [SCCP: CC] Traffic channel assignment

BTAP: Seize Transmission BTAP: Seize Transmission Result

BSSMAP: Assignment Complete

[SCCP: DT1]

Call through-connection and conversation BSSMAP: Clear Command [SCCP: DT1] Channel deactivation and release BTAP: Release Transmission BTAP: Release Transmission Ack [SCCP: DT1] [SCCP: DT1] [SCCP: RLSD] [SCCP: RLC]

BSSMAP: Clear Complete

[SCCP: DT1]

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Chapter 17 - Slide 8

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Transmission plane in GPRS

MS BSS SGSN GGSN

Application IP SNDCP LLC RLC MAC GSM L1 RLC MAC GSM L1 BSSGP NS L1 bis SNDCP LLC BSSGP NS L1 bis GTP TCP / UDP IP L2 L1 IP GTP TCP / UDP IP L2 L1

Um
IP SNDCP LLC RLC MAC BSSGP

Gb
GTP TCP UDP L1 L2 NS

Gn
GPRS Tunneling Protocol Transmission Control Protocol User Datagram Protocol Layer 1 Layer 2 Network Service

Gi

Internet Protocol Sub-network Dependent Convergence Protocol Logical Link Control Radio Link Control Medium Access Control Base Station System GPRS Protocol

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Chapter 17 - Slide 9

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

RLC/MAC protocol data unit handling

LLC protocol data unit

RLC/MAC header RLC/MAC block Radio block after channel coding

Normal burst

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Chapter 17 - Slide 10

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

MSSGSN signaling plane in GPRS

MS BSS SGSN

GMM/SM LLC RLC MAC GSM L1 RLC MAC GSM L1 BSSGP NS L1 bis

GMM/SM LLC BSSGP NS L1 bis

Um
LLC RLC MAC BSSGP
17/03813 LZU 108 897/1 Rev B

Gb
GMM SM NS GPRS Mobility Management Session Management Network Service

Logical Link Control Radio Link Control Medium Access Control Base Station System GPRS Protocol

Chapter 17 - Slide 11

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Incoming call to GSM network

GMSC HLR MSC/VLR

ISUP: IAM called no = MSISDN

MAP: AARQ Send Routing Info called no = MSISDN TCAP: BEGIN, INVOKE SCCP: UDT

MAP: AARQ Provide Roaming No called no = IMSI TCAP: BEGIN, INVOKE SCCP: UDT MAP: AARE Provide Roaming No MSRN returned TCAP: END, RESULT SCCP: UDT

All SCCP messages are sent in MTP Message Signal Units (MSU)

MAP: AARE Send Routing Info MSRN returned TCAP: END, RESULT SCCP: UDT

ISUP: IAM called no = MSRN

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Chapter 17 - Slide 12

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

RR connection establishment
MSC/VLR BSC BTS

BSSMAP: Paging IMSI [,TMSI] SCCP: UDT

CCM: Paging Command IMSI/TMSI,

RR:

Paging request IMSI/TMSI PCH channel

All SCCP messages are sent in MTP Message Signal Units (MSU)

LAPD I-frames (information) are used for L3 messages RR: CCM: Channel Required time adv, frame no [RR: Channel request] DCM: Channel Activation channel type, power, ... DCM: Channel Activation Ack CCM: Imm Assign Command channel type, time adv, reason, ref, frame no Channel request reason, rand ref RACH channel

LAPDm unacknowledged mode is used on common and broadcast channels

PCH RACH AGCH CCM DCM

Paging Channel Random Access Channel Access Grant Channel Common Channel Management Dedicated Channel Management

RR:

Imm Assign Command channel type, time adv, reason, ref, frame no AGCH channel

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Chapter 17 - Slide 13

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Service request from MS

MSC/VLR BSC BTS
RR: Paging Response IMSI/TMSI, capabilities LAPDm: SABM SDCCH channel RR: Paging Response IMSI/TMSI, capabilities LAPDm: UA SDCCH channel

BSSMAP: Complete L3 Info [RR: Paging Response] cell global identity SCCP: CR

RLM: Establish Indication [RR: Paging Response]

Paging Response is sent back to the MS to make sure that one MS uses the allocated channel

SCCP:

CC

A new SCCP connection is established for this call

LAPDm acknowledged mode is established. Further messages use I-frames

RLM Radio Link Layer Management CR Connection Request CC Connection Confirm

SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel SABM Start Asynchronous Balanced Mode UA Unnumbered Acknowledgement

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Chapter 17 - Slide 14

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Authentication and ciphering activation

MSC/VLR BSC BTS

DTAP: Authentication Req RAND, CKSN SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Request Authentication Req RAND, CKSN]

MM: Authentication Request RAND, CKSN MM: Authentication Response SRES

DTAP: Authentication Resp SRES SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Indication Authentication Resp SRES]

Messages sent on SDCCH BSSMAP: Ciph Mode Cmd algorithm, key SCCP: DT1

DCM: [MM:

Encryption Command algorithm, key Ciphering Mode Cmd algorithm]

MM: Ciphering Mode Cmd A5 algorithm version MM: Ciph Mode Complete

BSSMAP: Ciph Mode Compl SCCP: DT1

RLM: Data Indication [MM: Ciph Mode Complete]

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Chapter 17 - Slide 15

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

IMEI check and TMSI reallocation

MSC/VLR BSC BTS

DTAP: Identity Request type=IMEI SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Request Identity Request type=IMEI]

MM: Identity Request type=IMEI MM: Identity Response IMEI

DTAP: Identity Response IMEI SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Indication Identity Response IMEI]

DTAP: TMSI Realloc Cmd new TMSI SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Request TMSI Realloc Cmd new TMSI]

MM: TMSI Reallocation Cmd new TMSI MM: TMSI Realloc Complete

DTAP: TMSI Realloc Compl SCCP: DT1

RLM: [MM:

Data Indication TMSI Realloc Compl]

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Chapter 17 - Slide 16

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Call initiation
MSC/VLR BSC BTS

DTAP: Set-up bearer capabilities calling number SCCP: DT1

RLM: [CM:

Data Request Set-up bearer capabilities calling number]

CM: Set-up bearer capabilities calling number

DTAP: Call confirmed bearer capabilities SCCP: DT1

RLM: [CM:

Data Indication Call confirmed bearer capabilities]

CM: Call confirmed bearer capabilities

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Chapter 17 - Slide 17

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

TCH activation, part 1

MSC/VLR
BSSMAP: Assign Request circuit id and type SCCP: DT1

BSC

BTS

TRC
BTAP: Seize Transmission circuit id and type SCCP: CR BTAP: Seize Transm Result SCCP: CC DCM: Channel Activation channel type, power, ... DCM: Channel Activation Ack

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Chapter 17 - Slide 18

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

TCH activation, part 2

MSC/VLR BSC
RLM: [RR: Data Request Assign Command channel info]

BTS

RR:

Assign Command channel info] SDCCH channel LAPDm: SABM FACCH channel LAPDm: UA FACCH channel RR: Assign Complete FACCH channel

RLM: Establish Indication

RLM: [RR: BSSMAP: Assignment Compl SCCP: DT1 DCM: DCM:

Data Indication Assign Complete]

RF Channel Release RF Chan Rel Ack

Subsequent messages sent on FACCH. LAPDm I-frames (information) are used.

FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel

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Chapter 17 - Slide 19

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Call connection
MSC/VLR BSC BTS

DTAP: Alerting SCCP: DT1

RLM: [CM:

Data Indication Alerting]

CM: Alerting

User decides to answer call

DTAP: Connect SCCP: DT1 DTAP: Connect ack SCCP: DT1

RLM: [CM:

Data Indication Connect]

CM: Connect

RLM: [CM:

Data Indication Connect ack]

CM: Connect acknowledge

The call is fully through-connected and conversation or data transfer may proceed...

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Chapter 17 - Slide 20

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Relationship between ISUP and CM messages

GMSC
ISUP: IAM

MSC/VLR

ISUP: IAM Paging, authentication, channel assign, etc. CM: ISUP: ACM ISUP: ANM Call in progress MS disconnects the call ISUP: REL CM: Disconnect CM: CM: CM: Setup Alerting Connect Connect acknowledge

ISUP: ACM ISUP: ANM

ISUP: REL ISUP: RLC ISUP: RLC CM: CM: Release Release complete

Channel release, circuit release, etc.

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Chapter 17 - Slide 21

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network

Objectives Revisited

Upon completion of this chapter the student will be able to:

Explain the basic functions of different protocols used in the Base Station System and on the GSM air interface Explain the basic functions of different protocols used towards and between GPRS Support Nodes

17/03813 LZU 108 897/1 Rev B

Chapter 17 - Slide 22

WCDMA Systems Signaling in the Core Network