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    Hiv Aids

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    Denn Bryce Dimaandal
    HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS by gradually destroying the immune system. Pregnancy can be riskier for HIV-positive women due to higher rates of infections and complications like preterm labor. The virus can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding at a rate of 25% without treatment, but this can be reduced to less than 2% with appropriate antiretroviral treatment of the mother. Managing HIV during pregnancy involves regular testing, determining the best treatment regimen based on test results, prenatal care like ultrasounds, and interventions during and after delivery to further reduce transmission risk.

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    Hiv Aids

    Uploaded by

    Denn Bryce Dimaandal
    96 views12 pages
    HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS by gradually destroying the immune system. Pregnancy can be riskier for HIV-positive women due to higher rates of infections and complications like preterm labor. The virus can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding at a rate of 25% without treatment, but this can be reduced to less than 2% with appropriate antiretroviral treatment of the mother. Managing HIV during pregnancy involves regular testing, determining the best treatment regimen based on test results, prenatal care like ultrasounds, and interventions during and after delivery to further reduce transmission risk.

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    HIV AIDS

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    HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS by gradually destroying the immune system. Pregnancy can be riskier for HIV-positive women due to higher rates of infections and complications like preterm labor. The virus can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding at a rate of 25% without treatment, but this can be reduced to less than 2% with appropriate antiretroviral treatment of the mother. Managing HIV during pregnancy involves regular testing, determining the best treatment regimen based on test results, prenatal care like ultrasounds, and interventions during and after delivery to further reduce transmission risk.

    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    96 views12 pages

    Hiv Aids

    Uploaded by

    Denn Bryce Dimaandal
    HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS by gradually destroying the immune system. Pregnancy can be riskier for HIV-positive women due to higher rates of infections and complications like preterm labor. The virus can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding at a rate of 25% without treatment, but this can be reduced to less than 2% with appropriate antiretroviral treatment of the mother. Managing HIV during pregnancy involves regular testing, determining the best treatment regimen based on test results, prenatal care like ultrasounds, and interventions during and after delivery to further reduce transmission risk.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    HIV/ AIDS

    What is HIV?

    HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV gradually destroys the body's ability to fight infections and certain cancers. People diagnosed with AIDS may get what are called opportunistic infections life-threatening diseases caused by viruses or bacteria that healthy people are usually able to fight off.

    How can HIV affect pregnancy and the baby's health?

    Higher rates of ectopic pregnancy have been reported in HIV- positive women than in uninfected women, which may be related to the effects of other concurrent transmitted diseases. Bacterial pneumonia, UTIs and other infections are more common during pregnancy in HIV positive women. Preterm labour may be more common in HIVpositive women, with rates as high as double than rates seen in uninfected women.

    There is little difference in the birth weight of babies born to HIV positive mothers. Increased stillbirth rates have been reported, especially from areas where epidemic has been present for a long time. You can pass the virus to your baby during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. Without treatment, your baby has a 25 percent chance of becoming infected. However, you can reduce your baby's risk to less than 2 percent if you get appropriate treatment for yourself during your pregnancy.

    The HIV virus can be transmitted through:

    Exposure to blood and other body secretions through sexual contact. Sharing contaminated needles for injection. Transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products. Perinatally from mother to fetus or newborn. Breastfeeding.

    What are the signs and symptoms?


    Many people have no symptoms when they first become infected with HIV. Others develop temporary flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, sore throat, achiness, fatigue, and swollen glands in 1 - 6 weeks This illness is temporary and is known as a 'primary HIV infection' . It can take years after infection for more severe symptoms to develop. These may include swollen glands, fatigue, weight loss, frequent fevers and sweating, persistent or frequent yeast infections in your mouth or

    If a person with HIV is not given any medical treatments, the virus may progress onto AIDS, usually within 8 to 10 years (called 'seroconversion'). A person who has AIDS usually experiences being unwell with minor infections and illnesses as their immune system becomes depleted. During this time most people experience a gradual decline in the number of CD4+ cells in their blood. These cells are the immune system's key infection fighters. Healthy adults have 1,000 or more of these cells in every cubic meter of blood. Once you have fewer than 200 or develop one of 26 other conditions, you are

    How is HIV managed during pregnancy?

    Getting appropriate care It's important to find a caregiver who has experience caring for pregnant women with HIV or to look for a special perinatal clinic for HIV-positive women, which may offer a team of doctors, midwives, and other providers to care for you.

    Testing you'll need Your practitioner will do blood tests throughout your pregnancy to test your viral load (the amount of the virus in your blood) and CD4+ cell count (the number of CD4+ immune cells you have). The results of these tests will help determine when to start drugs to suppress HIV (this is called antiretroviral therapy), what type of therapy is best for you, and whether the regime you're on is working or needs to be altered.

    Determining treatment Your treatment will depend on your test results, your clinical condition, how far along your pregnancy is, and whether you're already taking antiretroviral medications. Your caregiver will consider what's known about any potential effects a medication may have on your baby. Deciding which drugs to use to treat HIV-infected people is especially complicated during pregnancy because there are two patients the mother and her baby.

    Getting good prenatal care Depending on which medications you're taking, you may have periodic ultrasounds to check on your baby's growth as well as tests such as biophysical profile and non stress tests to assess your baby's well-being, beginning in the third trimester. Taking care of yourself And be sure to follow safer sex practices. Having unprotected sex may infect your partner and puts you at risk for contracting another STI, which can be risky for you and your baby.

    Interventions to prevent Mother to Child transmission of HIV

    Reduction in the frequency of unprotected sexual intercourse during pregnancy. Lifestyle changes, avoidance of drug use and smoking in pregnancy. Antiretroviral therapy: zidovudine or combination Vitamin A and other micronutrients Immunotherapy Birth Canal cleansing Caesarean section delivery

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