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PHP String md5_file() Function
The PHP String md5_file() function is used to calculates the md5 hash of a given file. It basically determines the MD5 hash of the file provided by the filename parameter using the "RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm," and then returns the hash. The hash is a 32-character hexadecimal number.
Syntax
Below is the syntax of the PHP String md5_file() function −
string md5_file ( string $filename, bool $binary = false )
Parameters
Here are the parameters of the md5_file() function −
$filename − It contains the information about filename.
$binary − When it is set to TRUE, returns the digest in raw binary format with a length of 16.
Return Value
The md5_file() function returns the string on success and FALSE on failure.
PHP Version
First introduced in core PHP 4.2.0, the md5_file() function continues to function easily in PHP 5, PHP 7, and PHP 8.
Example 1
First we will show you the basic example of the PHP String md5_file() function to calculate the MD5 hash of a file and prints it in a readable hexadecimal format.
<?php // File whose hash needs to be calculated $file = '/PHP/PhpProjects/myfile.txt'; // Calculate the MD5 hash $hash = md5_file($file); if ($hash !== false) { echo "MD5 hash of the file is: $hash\n"; } else { echo "Failed to calculate hash. File might not exist.\n"; } ?>
Output
Here is the outcome of the following code −
MD5 hash of the file is: de45556bf39e8e14e3bcd4f365d5022b
Example 2
In the below PHP program we will compare a file's current MD5 hash with a known hash to verify its integrity and show the usage of md5_file() function.
<?php // File to verify $file = '/PHP/PhpProjects/myfile.txt'; // Known hash for comparison $knownHash = "5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592"; // Calculate the file's current hash $currentHash = md5_file($file); if ($currentHash !== false) { if ($currentHash === $knownHash) { echo "File integrity verified. Hash matches!\n"; } else { echo "File integrity check failed. Hash does not match.\n"; } } else { echo "Failed to calculate hash. File might not exist.\n"; } ?>
Output
This will generate the below output −
File integrity check failed. Hash does not match.
Example 3
Now the below code calculates a file's MD5 hash and saves the result to another file for keeping the record.
<?php // File to hash $file = '/PHP/PhpProjects/myfile.txt'; // Output file for the hash $outputFile = '/PHP/PhpProjects/hash_record.txt'; // Calculate the MD5 hash $hash = md5_file($file); if ($hash !== false) { file_put_contents($outputFile, $hash); echo "Hash saved to $outputFile\n"; } else { echo "Failed to calculate hash. File might not exist.\n"; } ?>
Output
This will create the below output −
Hash saved to /PHP/PhpProjects/hash_record.txt
Example 4
This program calculates the MD5 hash of a file with the help of md5_file() function and results it in raw binary format.
<?php // File to hash $file = '/Users/nikitashashrivastava/Desktop/My Docs/PHP/PhpProjects/myfile.txt'; // Calculate the binary format MD5 hash $hash = md5_file($file, true); if ($hash !== false) { echo "Binary MD5 hash: " . bin2hex($hash) . "\n"; // Convert binary to readable format for display } else { echo "Failed to calculate hash. File might not exist.\n"; } ?>
Output
Following is the output of the above code −
Binary MD5 hash: de45556bf39e8e14e3bcd4f365d5022b