Al₂O₃-based eutectic ceramics are considered as promising candidates for ultra-high-temperature structural materials due to their exceptional thermal stability and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, several challenges must be overcome before they can be widely used. This paper reviews in detail the tailoring of microstructure from the aspect of process parameters, the updated knowledge gained in microstructure (crystallographic orientation, high-resolution interfacial structures) and the latest means of optimizing eutectic microstructure (seed-induced method, introducing low-energy grain boundaries and high-entropy phase). Additionally, the paper explores future techniques for the fabrication of bulk ceramic materials and effective toughening approaches. This review highlights the achievements made especially in the last 15 years, current limitations in Al₂O₃-based eutectic ceramics, and offers comprehensive insights and strategic guidance for further mechanical breakthroughs.

Al ₂ O ₃ 基共晶陶瓷因其优异的热稳定性和机械性能而被认为是超高温结构材料的有希望的候选者。尽管如此，在广泛使用之前必须克服一些挑战。本文从工艺参数方面详细回顾了微观结构的剪裁、微观结构方面的最新知识（晶体取向、高分辨率界面结构）以及优化共晶微观结构的最新手段（晶种诱导法、引入低能晶界和高熵相）。此外，本文还探讨了块状陶瓷材料的未来制造技术和有效的增韧方法。本综述重点介绍了 Al ₂ O ₃ 基共晶陶瓷在过去 15 年中取得的成就和当前的局限性，并为进一步的机械突破提供了全面的见解和战略指导。