JMIRx Bio

Antimicrobial irrational use and poor disposal in the human and animal sectors promote antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment as these antimicrobials and their active ingredients, coupled with resistant microbes, are released into the environment. While AMR containment programs in the human and animal sectors are well established in Uganda, those in the water and environment sector still need to be established and strengthened. Therefore, the Ministry of Water and Environment set out to establish an AMR surveillance program to bolster the One Health efforts for the containment of AMR under the National Action Plan 2018-2023.

Previous studies have estimated the size, mass, and population of hypothetical unknown animals in a large oligotrophic freshwater loch in Scotland based on biomass and other observational considerations. The “eel hypothesis” proposes that the anthrozoological phenomenon at Loch Ness can be explained in part by observations of large specimens of European eel (Anguilla anguilla), as these animals are most compatible with morphological, behavioral, and environmental considerations.