Objective(s): This study was designed to investigate the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa aqueous ex... more Objective(s): This study was designed to investigate the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa aqueous extract (PM) on spermatogenesis by observing the histological changes of testes in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: PM was prepared by boiling the dried slices of P. macrocarpa fruits followed by filtering, centrifugation and freeze-drying to obtain the powder form. Eighteen Sprague Dawley adult male rats were divided into three groups (six in each group), designated as treatment (240 mg/kg PM), negative control (distilled water) and positive control (4mg/kg testosterone) and administered via intragastric gavage for seven weeks. In the sixth week of supplementation period, each male rat was introduced to five female rats. Afterward, all rats were sacrificed and the testes were removed for histological studies. Results: PM significantly increased the number of cell and the thickness of seminiferous tubules of male rats (P<0.05). However, there was no significant effect on the volu...
Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2018
Introduction: Although performing cesarean section in specific condition can save life of mother ... more Introduction: Although performing cesarean section in specific condition can save life of mother and neonate, but has considerable complications. Reducing cesarean among primigravida is one of the best strategies to reduce cesarean. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to develop a tailored intervention to promote normal vaginal delivery (NVD) among primigravida women. Methods: This formative research was done to develop an intervention based on assessment tools pattern and social marketing response to reduce cesarean section among primigravida women in Boyer-Ahmad city in 2015. The qualitative data were collected through individual interviews and focused group discussions. The quantitative data were collected by a questionnaire based on the constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16). The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method as manual and the quantitative data by routine descriptive statistics, logistic regression, Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: In qualitative part, the most important barriers for selecting NVD were: maternity being unpleasant, fear, others' recommendations, and negative experiences of referring to maternity and low level of knowledge among women. The main interventions recommended for increasing NVD were: education, counseling, making the process of NVD more pleasant. In the quantitative survey, we found that 25.2 of the women were intended to do cesarean. In quantitative part, 39 women (25.2) had intention to perform cesarean section. The median and interquartile range of attitude was 18±4, subjective norms 16.5±3, and perceived control behavior 16±3. Attitude, subjective norms, place of residence, and the spouse's job were the main predictors in selecting the mode of delivery. Conclusion: To design an effective tailored intervention to promote NVD among primigravida women, their wants and needs should be considered. Education, offering telephone counseling, and implement of brief interventions by physicians and midwives in health centers are the main elements of the tailored intervention.
The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa) f... more The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa) fruits aqueous extract on reproductive performance of adult male rats by assessing the serum testosterone level and evaluating their libido behavior. Eighteen male adult Spraque Dawley rats were divided into three groups and designated as treatment (240 mg/kg P. macrocarpa aqueous extract), negative control (distilled water), and positive control (4 mg/kg testosterone) which were supplemented through intragastric gavage for seven weeks. On the seventh week of supplementation, each of the male rats was introduced to five female rats at five different days to allow mating and observed the libido behavior. The mounting latency and mounting frequency were recorded for each mating. P. macrocarpa aqueous extract significantly increased (p<0.05) the serum testosterone level and mounting frequency of male rats. However, there was no significant effect on mounting latency. Body weight was signi...
Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine for a wide ra... more Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine for a wide range of illnesses including bronchial asthma, dysentery, gastrointestinal problems, as well as beneficial effect on blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides level. This study aimed to determine the toxic effect of N. sativa powder on the kidney function which was evaluated by serum urea and creatinine and through histopathological examination of kidney tissue. In this study, 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (six each). The rats were kept in the separate cage with three rats per cage. The treatment groups were given rat pellet containing N. sativa dose at 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 g/kg body weight which were considered as low, normal, and high dose for five weeks while control group fed with rat chow pellet without supplementation. At the end of 35 days, the rats were sacrificed to take the blood sample and to remove the kidne...
The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty a... more The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty acid composition of black cumin seeds. 100 g of the powdered sample either was subjected into SFE equipment using standard procedures or extracted using conventional techniques (methanol or hexane solvents). Identification of fatty acid composition of extracted Nigella sativa oil was performed by using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The constituents were identified by comparison of their retention times with those of reference samples. A total of fifteen fatty acids were identified in the fixed oils obtained from black cumin seeds by using SFE and solvent extraction techniques. The results showed that the most abundant fatty acid present in all extracts was linoleic acid. Surprisingly, despite of high potential of SFE technique in obtaining valuable components of herbs, only conventional methods were able to yield some rare fatty acid in NS such as Ga...
The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty a... more The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty acid composition of black cumin seeds. 100 g of the powdered sample either was subjected into SFE equipment using standard procedures or extracted using conventional techniques (methanol or hexane solvents). Identification of fatty acid composition of extracted Nigella sativa oil was performed by using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The constituents were identified by comparison of their retention times with those of reference samples. A total of fifteen fatty acids were identified in the fixed oils obtained from black cumin seeds by using SFE and solvent extraction techniques. The results showed that the most abundant fatty acid present in all extracts was linoleic acid. Surprisingly, despite of high potential of SFE technique in obtaining valuable components of herbs, only conventional methods were able to yield some rare fatty acid in NS such as Ga...
Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013
Introduction: Menopause is a permanent cessation of menstruation with the decreasing of ovarian f... more Introduction: Menopause is a permanent cessation of menstruation with the decreasing of ovarian follicular functions. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is the most effective method in reducing the rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women with increasing the risks of breast cancer and uterine hyperplasia. So it is necessary to find a suitable treatment which is mimic to the estrogen role in maintaining normal calcium balance without its side effects. Objectives: objective of the study was to determine the effect of Black seed on calcium homeostasis by measuring the level of calcium regulating hormones, i.e. calcitonin, PTH; and serum calcium concentration in menopause induced animal model. Methods and Materials: Thirty six ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley female rats with 250 – 350 g of weight were supplemented with Black seed for 28 days. The rats were divided into 6 group as followed; Non-OVX + 0 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 0 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 300 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 6...
Introduction: Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective pr... more Introduction: Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for preventing and controlling the problem necessitates a thorough understanding of Iranian women and their perspectives regarding domestic violence. This study was aimed at exploring the domestic violence-related views of married women who were referred to health care facilities in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: In this qualitative research, data were collected through four focus group discussions with 30 married women. All the discussions were recorded and transcribed, after which the data were classified separately. The main themes and sub-themes were then manually derived from the data and analyzed. Results: The five main themes identified were domestic violence against women in Ahvaz, behavioral influencing factors, non-behavioral influencing factors, the necessity to empower women to prevent domestic violence, and recommendations for developing special training programs for Ahvazi wo...
Background: Women are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)therapies for ... more Background: Women are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)therapies for menopausal symptoms in many countries. Therapies of choice were herbal remedies, chiropractic, and meditation. Recently, dietary supplements and foods containing phytoestrogens have become increasingly popular, despite the lack of data from clinical trials. Purpose: To review randomized, controlled trials of herbal remedies for menopausal symptoms in order to better inform practice and guide future research. Data Sources: MEDLINE and Cochrane Library database (1980 February 2008) were searched for relevant trials that provided data on treatment of menopausal symptoms using 1 or more herbal remedies. Study Selection: All English language, controlled trials and meta-analyses comparing a botanical with placebo or control for relieving menopausal symptoms. Data Extraction: All eligible trials were identified, subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria, reviewed, and abstracted into eviden...
Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied... more Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied by psychological and physical symptoms. The purpose of current study was to determine Nigella sativa effects on reproductive system in experimental menopause animal models. Materials and Methods: A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of different dosages of N. sativa (first experiment), various extracts of N. sativa (second experiment) and some of its ingredients (third experiment) on selected menopausal parameters of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty different OVX rats were equally divided into 5 groups and administered with one of the following treatments for 21 days: conjugated equine estrogen (positive control), distilled water or olive oil (negative control), treatment groups (N. sativa300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg in the first experiment), (300mg/kg methanol, hexane and SFE extracts of N. sativa in the second experiment) and (linoleic acid 50 mg/kg, gamma linol...
Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied... more Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied by psychological and physical symptoms. The purpose of current study was to determine Nigella sativa effects on reproductive system in experimental menopause animal models. Materials and Methods: A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of different dosages of N. sativa (first experiment), various extracts of N. sativa (second experiment) and some of its ingredients (third experiment) on selected menopausal parameters of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty different OVX rats were equally divided into 5 groups and administered with one of the following treatments for 21 days: conjugated equine estrogen (positive control), distilled water or olive oil (negative control), treatment groups (N. sativa300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg in the first experiment), (300mg/kg methanol, hexane and SFE extracts of N. sativa in the second experiment) and (linoleic acid 50 mg/kg, gamma linol...
International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 2021
Background: Sexuality education is one of the most important educational needs for adolescents. P... more Background: Sexuality education is one of the most important educational needs for adolescents. Parents play a significant role in shaping sexuality health in adolescents. There is little evidence in Iran about sexuality education for empowering adolescences. Objectives: This study aimed at developing, implementing, and evaluating a training program for mothers to educate sexuality matters to their adolescent girls in Mahshahr, Iran. Materials and Methods: This field trial was conducted among 140 mothers with 12- to 18-year-old adolescent girls in Mahshahr. The multi-stratified sampling method was performed for determining the study participants. Data was collected by using “Parent-Child Relationship: Mother” and “Knowledge and Attitude About Sexuality Education to Adolescents” questionnaires. Based on the baseline results, an educational intervention for mothers was designed and implemented. Data were collected, analyzed, and compared before and three months after the intervention ...
This study designed to examine the relationship between television program pacing and aggressive ... more This study designed to examine the relationship between television program pacing and aggressive behavior among primary school students in Iran. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase consisted of a survey with 424 primary school students (aged 7-12 years) in the five provinces of Iran which were selected through a multi-stage random sampling of Iran. This survey investigated whether exposure to television program was related to children's use of media that explored using Buss – Perry standard questionnaire. The results revealed that 23% and 49% of the students displayed high and moderate aggression level respectively. A total of 22 programs were selected as the most favorite children’s TV programs which were assigned to a technical content analysis known as pacing in the second phase of study. The findings of the study showed that the highest pacing index was attributed to Pokemon (67.08), while Fetileh ranked as the lowest pacing index program (23.86). The resu...
Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for pre... more Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for preventing and controlling the problem necessitates a thorough understanding of Iranian women and their perspectives regarding domestic violence. This study was aimed at exploring the domestic violence–related views of married women who were referred to health care facilities in Ahvaz, Iran. In this qualitative research, data were collected through four focus group discussions with 30 married women. All the discussions were recorded and transcribed, after which the data were classified separately. The main themes and subthemes were then manually derived from the data and analyzed. The five main themes identified were domestic violence against women in Ahvaz, behavioral influencing factors, nonbehavioral influencing factors, the necessity to empower women to prevent domestic violence, and recommendations for developing special training programs for Ahvazi women. Most of the participants were...
Cockroach is one of the most important pests in urban communities. This study was conducted to de... more Cockroach is one of the most important pests in urban communities. This study was conducted to determine the situation of cockroach infestation and effective factors on cockroach trap count in urban communities of Yasuj City in southwestern Iran. In this study cockroach population in 573 sampling units (residential units, official places, and hospitals) was monitored using sticky traps over a five-week trapping period. Occupants of 348 residential units were also questioned (by means of questionnaire) for cockroach infestation in their respective residence. The study shows almost 39% of sampling units were infested by cockroach. Five species from two families had been identified: Blattidae (comprising Blatta orientalis, B. lateralis, and Periplaneta americana) and Blattellidae (comprising Blattella germanica and Supella longipalpa). German cockroach, B. germanica, with widespread distribution (80% of infested sampling units) showed the highest frequency (96.7%) of trap counts. The e...
Objective(s): This study was designed to investigate the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa aqueous ex... more Objective(s): This study was designed to investigate the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa aqueous extract (PM) on spermatogenesis by observing the histological changes of testes in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: PM was prepared by boiling the dried slices of P. macrocarpa fruits followed by filtering, centrifugation and freeze-drying to obtain the powder form. Eighteen Sprague Dawley adult male rats were divided into three groups (six in each group), designated as treatment (240 mg/kg PM), negative control (distilled water) and positive control (4mg/kg testosterone) and administered via intragastric gavage for seven weeks. In the sixth week of supplementation period, each male rat was introduced to five female rats. Afterward, all rats were sacrificed and the testes were removed for histological studies. Results: PM significantly increased the number of cell and the thickness of seminiferous tubules of male rats (P<0.05). However, there was no significant effect on the volu...
Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2018
Introduction: Although performing cesarean section in specific condition can save life of mother ... more Introduction: Although performing cesarean section in specific condition can save life of mother and neonate, but has considerable complications. Reducing cesarean among primigravida is one of the best strategies to reduce cesarean. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to develop a tailored intervention to promote normal vaginal delivery (NVD) among primigravida women. Methods: This formative research was done to develop an intervention based on assessment tools pattern and social marketing response to reduce cesarean section among primigravida women in Boyer-Ahmad city in 2015. The qualitative data were collected through individual interviews and focused group discussions. The quantitative data were collected by a questionnaire based on the constructs of Theory of Planned Behavior. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16). The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method as manual and the quantitative data by routine descriptive statistics, logistic regression, Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: In qualitative part, the most important barriers for selecting NVD were: maternity being unpleasant, fear, others' recommendations, and negative experiences of referring to maternity and low level of knowledge among women. The main interventions recommended for increasing NVD were: education, counseling, making the process of NVD more pleasant. In the quantitative survey, we found that 25.2 of the women were intended to do cesarean. In quantitative part, 39 women (25.2) had intention to perform cesarean section. The median and interquartile range of attitude was 18±4, subjective norms 16.5±3, and perceived control behavior 16±3. Attitude, subjective norms, place of residence, and the spouse's job were the main predictors in selecting the mode of delivery. Conclusion: To design an effective tailored intervention to promote NVD among primigravida women, their wants and needs should be considered. Education, offering telephone counseling, and implement of brief interventions by physicians and midwives in health centers are the main elements of the tailored intervention.
The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa) f... more The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa) fruits aqueous extract on reproductive performance of adult male rats by assessing the serum testosterone level and evaluating their libido behavior. Eighteen male adult Spraque Dawley rats were divided into three groups and designated as treatment (240 mg/kg P. macrocarpa aqueous extract), negative control (distilled water), and positive control (4 mg/kg testosterone) which were supplemented through intragastric gavage for seven weeks. On the seventh week of supplementation, each of the male rats was introduced to five female rats at five different days to allow mating and observed the libido behavior. The mounting latency and mounting frequency were recorded for each mating. P. macrocarpa aqueous extract significantly increased (p<0.05) the serum testosterone level and mounting frequency of male rats. However, there was no significant effect on mounting latency. Body weight was signi...
Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine for a wide ra... more Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine for a wide range of illnesses including bronchial asthma, dysentery, gastrointestinal problems, as well as beneficial effect on blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides level. This study aimed to determine the toxic effect of N. sativa powder on the kidney function which was evaluated by serum urea and creatinine and through histopathological examination of kidney tissue. In this study, 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (six each). The rats were kept in the separate cage with three rats per cage. The treatment groups were given rat pellet containing N. sativa dose at 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 g/kg body weight which were considered as low, normal, and high dose for five weeks while control group fed with rat chow pellet without supplementation. At the end of 35 days, the rats were sacrificed to take the blood sample and to remove the kidne...
The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty a... more The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty acid composition of black cumin seeds. 100 g of the powdered sample either was subjected into SFE equipment using standard procedures or extracted using conventional techniques (methanol or hexane solvents). Identification of fatty acid composition of extracted Nigella sativa oil was performed by using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The constituents were identified by comparison of their retention times with those of reference samples. A total of fifteen fatty acids were identified in the fixed oils obtained from black cumin seeds by using SFE and solvent extraction techniques. The results showed that the most abundant fatty acid present in all extracts was linoleic acid. Surprisingly, despite of high potential of SFE technique in obtaining valuable components of herbs, only conventional methods were able to yield some rare fatty acid in NS such as Ga...
The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty a... more The purpose of this study was to compare different methods of extraction to determine the fatty acid composition of black cumin seeds. 100 g of the powdered sample either was subjected into SFE equipment using standard procedures or extracted using conventional techniques (methanol or hexane solvents). Identification of fatty acid composition of extracted Nigella sativa oil was performed by using gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC/FID). The constituents were identified by comparison of their retention times with those of reference samples. A total of fifteen fatty acids were identified in the fixed oils obtained from black cumin seeds by using SFE and solvent extraction techniques. The results showed that the most abundant fatty acid present in all extracts was linoleic acid. Surprisingly, despite of high potential of SFE technique in obtaining valuable components of herbs, only conventional methods were able to yield some rare fatty acid in NS such as Ga...
Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013
Introduction: Menopause is a permanent cessation of menstruation with the decreasing of ovarian f... more Introduction: Menopause is a permanent cessation of menstruation with the decreasing of ovarian follicular functions. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is the most effective method in reducing the rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women with increasing the risks of breast cancer and uterine hyperplasia. So it is necessary to find a suitable treatment which is mimic to the estrogen role in maintaining normal calcium balance without its side effects. Objectives: objective of the study was to determine the effect of Black seed on calcium homeostasis by measuring the level of calcium regulating hormones, i.e. calcitonin, PTH; and serum calcium concentration in menopause induced animal model. Methods and Materials: Thirty six ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley female rats with 250 – 350 g of weight were supplemented with Black seed for 28 days. The rats were divided into 6 group as followed; Non-OVX + 0 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 0 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 300 mg/day Black seed, OVX + 6...
Introduction: Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective pr... more Introduction: Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for preventing and controlling the problem necessitates a thorough understanding of Iranian women and their perspectives regarding domestic violence. This study was aimed at exploring the domestic violence-related views of married women who were referred to health care facilities in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: In this qualitative research, data were collected through four focus group discussions with 30 married women. All the discussions were recorded and transcribed, after which the data were classified separately. The main themes and sub-themes were then manually derived from the data and analyzed. Results: The five main themes identified were domestic violence against women in Ahvaz, behavioral influencing factors, non-behavioral influencing factors, the necessity to empower women to prevent domestic violence, and recommendations for developing special training programs for Ahvazi wo...
Background: Women are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)therapies for ... more Background: Women are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)therapies for menopausal symptoms in many countries. Therapies of choice were herbal remedies, chiropractic, and meditation. Recently, dietary supplements and foods containing phytoestrogens have become increasingly popular, despite the lack of data from clinical trials. Purpose: To review randomized, controlled trials of herbal remedies for menopausal symptoms in order to better inform practice and guide future research. Data Sources: MEDLINE and Cochrane Library database (1980 February 2008) were searched for relevant trials that provided data on treatment of menopausal symptoms using 1 or more herbal remedies. Study Selection: All English language, controlled trials and meta-analyses comparing a botanical with placebo or control for relieving menopausal symptoms. Data Extraction: All eligible trials were identified, subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria, reviewed, and abstracted into eviden...
Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied... more Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied by psychological and physical symptoms. The purpose of current study was to determine Nigella sativa effects on reproductive system in experimental menopause animal models. Materials and Methods: A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of different dosages of N. sativa (first experiment), various extracts of N. sativa (second experiment) and some of its ingredients (third experiment) on selected menopausal parameters of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty different OVX rats were equally divided into 5 groups and administered with one of the following treatments for 21 days: conjugated equine estrogen (positive control), distilled water or olive oil (negative control), treatment groups (N. sativa300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg in the first experiment), (300mg/kg methanol, hexane and SFE extracts of N. sativa in the second experiment) and (linoleic acid 50 mg/kg, gamma linol...
Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied... more Objective: Menopause is the condition when regular menstrual periods cease and may be accompanied by psychological and physical symptoms. The purpose of current study was to determine Nigella sativa effects on reproductive system in experimental menopause animal models. Materials and Methods: A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of different dosages of N. sativa (first experiment), various extracts of N. sativa (second experiment) and some of its ingredients (third experiment) on selected menopausal parameters of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty different OVX rats were equally divided into 5 groups and administered with one of the following treatments for 21 days: conjugated equine estrogen (positive control), distilled water or olive oil (negative control), treatment groups (N. sativa300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg in the first experiment), (300mg/kg methanol, hexane and SFE extracts of N. sativa in the second experiment) and (linoleic acid 50 mg/kg, gamma linol...
International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 2021
Background: Sexuality education is one of the most important educational needs for adolescents. P... more Background: Sexuality education is one of the most important educational needs for adolescents. Parents play a significant role in shaping sexuality health in adolescents. There is little evidence in Iran about sexuality education for empowering adolescences. Objectives: This study aimed at developing, implementing, and evaluating a training program for mothers to educate sexuality matters to their adolescent girls in Mahshahr, Iran. Materials and Methods: This field trial was conducted among 140 mothers with 12- to 18-year-old adolescent girls in Mahshahr. The multi-stratified sampling method was performed for determining the study participants. Data was collected by using “Parent-Child Relationship: Mother” and “Knowledge and Attitude About Sexuality Education to Adolescents” questionnaires. Based on the baseline results, an educational intervention for mothers was designed and implemented. Data were collected, analyzed, and compared before and three months after the intervention ...
This study designed to examine the relationship between television program pacing and aggressive ... more This study designed to examine the relationship between television program pacing and aggressive behavior among primary school students in Iran. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase consisted of a survey with 424 primary school students (aged 7-12 years) in the five provinces of Iran which were selected through a multi-stage random sampling of Iran. This survey investigated whether exposure to television program was related to children's use of media that explored using Buss – Perry standard questionnaire. The results revealed that 23% and 49% of the students displayed high and moderate aggression level respectively. A total of 22 programs were selected as the most favorite children’s TV programs which were assigned to a technical content analysis known as pacing in the second phase of study. The findings of the study showed that the highest pacing index was attributed to Pokemon (67.08), while Fetileh ranked as the lowest pacing index program (23.86). The resu...
Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for pre... more Violence against women is an urgent health priority in Iran. Designing effective programs for preventing and controlling the problem necessitates a thorough understanding of Iranian women and their perspectives regarding domestic violence. This study was aimed at exploring the domestic violence–related views of married women who were referred to health care facilities in Ahvaz, Iran. In this qualitative research, data were collected through four focus group discussions with 30 married women. All the discussions were recorded and transcribed, after which the data were classified separately. The main themes and subthemes were then manually derived from the data and analyzed. The five main themes identified were domestic violence against women in Ahvaz, behavioral influencing factors, nonbehavioral influencing factors, the necessity to empower women to prevent domestic violence, and recommendations for developing special training programs for Ahvazi women. Most of the participants were...
Cockroach is one of the most important pests in urban communities. This study was conducted to de... more Cockroach is one of the most important pests in urban communities. This study was conducted to determine the situation of cockroach infestation and effective factors on cockroach trap count in urban communities of Yasuj City in southwestern Iran. In this study cockroach population in 573 sampling units (residential units, official places, and hospitals) was monitored using sticky traps over a five-week trapping period. Occupants of 348 residential units were also questioned (by means of questionnaire) for cockroach infestation in their respective residence. The study shows almost 39% of sampling units were infested by cockroach. Five species from two families had been identified: Blattidae (comprising Blatta orientalis, B. lateralis, and Periplaneta americana) and Blattellidae (comprising Blattella germanica and Supella longipalpa). German cockroach, B. germanica, with widespread distribution (80% of infested sampling units) showed the highest frequency (96.7%) of trap counts. The e...
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