-able

參見：able

英语

其他词形

• -ible（不再能产）

词源

< 中古英语 < 古法语 < 拉丁语 -ābilis。与 able 无相近的语源联系，但目前在语义上紧密相关。

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /-əbəl/

后缀

 -able 

1. 可以…的，可…的，可以被…的。

   move（移动） -> movable（可被移动的）

   amend（修订） -> amendable（可被修订的）

   sell（出售） -> salable（适于销售的）

2. 应被…的，应…的。

   pay（付款） -> payable（应付的）

   report（报道） -> reportable（值得报导的）

   tax（征税） -> taxable（应纳税的）

3. 符合…的，迎合…的。

   fashion（时尚） -> fashionable（时髦的）

   season（季节） -> seasonable（合时令的）

用法说明

• 添加后缀时，词末不发音的 -e 一般脱落。词干以软音 -ce（如 replaceable）或 -ge（changeable）结尾时，-e 保留，避免 c、g 发硬音。
• -ible 与此后缀发音与用法相同，两者无严格的选用规则。一般来说，-ible 用于源自拉丁语第二、三、四组变位动词的词汇，以及以软音 c、g 结尾的部分词汇，-able 则用于其它词汇，特别是源自拉丁语第一组变位和源自法语或古英语的词汇。
• 有些 -able 派生得到的形容词构自不能与宾语搭配的动词，这些词在词法分析时就需要借用到相应的介词。

  rely（依靠） -> reliable（可信赖的）(worthy of being relied on)

  laugh（笑） -> laughable（可笑的，荒谬的）(suited for laughing at)

  remark（评论） -> remarkable（非凡的）(fit to be remarked upon)

• 以不重读的 -ate 结尾的动词在添加后缀时一般丢掉 -ate。

  communicate（沟通） -> communicable（可传达的）

  eradicate（根除） -> eradicable（可被根除的）

• 表示动作可进行性的 -able 派生词，其否定形 un- 有时比肯定形常见。

  break（破碎） -> unbreakable（牢不可破的）

  sink（沉没） -> unsinkable（不会沉的）

  touch（触摸） -> untouchable（不可触及的）

派生词

派生詞

• abandonable, abidable, abideable, abolishable, abridgable, acceleratable, acceptable, accusable, activable, activatable, addable, adjointable, adorable, adsorbable, advanceable, aeratable, aggrandizable, agreeable, alarmable, allocable, alphabetizable, amassable, amendable, amusable, analyzable, anticipable, anticipatable, applaudable, arguable, arousable, arrangeable, arrestable, askable, assemblable, assertable, assessable, astonishable, attachable, attackable, attestable, attributable, authorizable, available, avertable, avoidable, backpackable, backspaceable, bakable, bakeable, bangable, banishable, bannable, beable, beddable, benchmarkable, bequeathable, bewitchable, billable, bindable, bioactivatable, biteable, blackmailable, blamable, blameable, bleachable, bleepable, blittable, bloggable, bluffable, boilable, boltable, bombable, bookmarkable, bounceable, boxable, breachable, brewable, broachable, browsable, browseable, bufferable, buildable, buriable, burstable, buyable, cancellable, canonizable, canvassable, cappable, capsizable, carriable, carryable, cartable, categorizable, censorable, charitable, cheatable, cheesable, cherishable, chillable, choppable, churnable, cipherable, circumnavigable, circumscribable, circumventable, civilizable, classable, classifiable, cleansable, clearable, cleavable, clickable, closable, closeable, coachable, coagulable, coatable, codable, coinable, collatable, collateralizable, collectable, colourable, combatable, combinable, comfortable, commutable, compactifiable, compilable, composable, compoundable, computable, computerizable, concealable, condemnable, condensable, condonable, confessable, confutable, congealable, conjecturable, consolable, constitutable, consultable, containable, containerizable, contestable, continuable, contractable, controllable, cookable, copyrightable, correctable, corruptable, countermandable, coverable, covetable, crashable, creatable, creditable, croppable, crushable, crystallizable, cultivatable, dammable, danceable, debateable, debuggable, debunkable, decayable, decipherable, decodable, decompilable, deconstructable, defaultable, defendable, deferrable, defiable, delayable, delegatable, denaturable, depreciable, designable, destroyable, detachable, developable, devisable, differentiable, diggable, dilatable, dilutable, diminishable, directable, disableable, disassemblable, discardable, disconnectable, discountable, discoverable, discussable, dispellable, disposable, disprovable, disputable, dissectable, distinguishable, doable, dodgeable, draggable, dreamable, dressable, droppable, dunkable, editable, educatable, electroplatable, elevatable, embodiable, emptiable, enchantable, encodable, endurable, enforceable, engraftable, enjoyable, enlightenable, enterable, entrainable, equipable, establishable, esterifiable, evadable, evaluable, excavatable, exchangeable, excludable, excretable, exercisable, exorcisable, experienceable, explainable, explorable, falsifiable, farmable, fathomable, faxable, feelable, fetishizable, fightable, finable, fineable, fixable, flattenable, floodable, foldable, foolable, forceable, forecastable, foreseeable, forgeable, forgettable, formable, formalizable, formattable, fortifiable, forwardable, freeable, fryable, fulfillable, gainable, globalizable, gnawable, googlable, googleable, grabbable, grazeable, greppable, grillable, groundable, growable, guardable, hackable, hardenable, harmonizable, harnessable, hashable, healable, heapable, heatable, helpable, hirable, hittable, hoistable, holdable, hospitalizable, huggable, hummable, hurtable, idealizable, implementable, importable, incarcerable, incarnatable, incinerable, inclinable, incontradictable, incurrable, indexable, individualizable, inexpugnable, inferable, inferrable, inflectable, inhabitable, inhibitable, initializable, injectable, inlinable, inputtable, inspirable, insultable, interposable, interruptable, investable, invokable, ironable, irrigatable, isolatable, itemizable, jailable, jammable, joinable, jugglable, keepable, kernelizable, keyable, kidnappable, killable, knittable, leavable, lendable, licensable, lightable, likeable, limitable, liquefiable, listable, listenable, localizable, loggable, loopable, lootable, luggable, mailable, maintainable, makeable, manipulatable, manufacturable, mappable, markable, marketable, marriable, mashable, maskable, matchable, mechanizable, meldable, meltable, memorizable, metabolizable, methylatable, migratable, mintable, mirrorable, misreadable, misunderstandable, moddable, modifiable, modularizable, molestable, moorable, multiplexable, multipliable, multitaskable, murderable, nestable, neutralizable, notifiable, nourishable, numberable, objectifiable, offendable, omittable, operationalizable, opposable, optimizable, organizable, outsourceable, overloadable, overlookable, overridable, overrideable, pageable, paintable, pannable, paraphrasable, parkable, passivisable, passivizable, pastable, patchable, patrollable, pausable, pawnable, peaceable, peelable, perishable, pettable, phonable, photocopiable, pingable, pinpointable, pitiable, pivotable, placeable, plantable, playable, pleasable, plottable, plowable, pluckable, plunderable, pocketable, policeable, pollutable, ponderable, poolable, populatable, portrayable, postable, preachable, prefixable, preloadable, pressable, pressurizable, previewable, pronounceable, protectable, protonatable, publicizable, pullable, pulverizable, pumpable, puncturable, punishable, pursuable, putable, puttable, quenchable, queryable, randomizable, ransomable, rapable, ratifiable, rationable, rationalizable, readable, rearrangeable, reassignable, rebootable, recallable, receivable, reclaimable, reclosable, recompilable, reconfigurable, reconnectable, recordable, redactable, redeemable, redefinable, redesignable, redirectable, redoable, referable, referenceable, refillable, refinable, reflowable, reformable, refreshable, refusable, registerable, regrettable, regularizable, regulatable, reifiable, reimplantable, reincarnatable, reinterpretable, rejectable, relatable, relaxable, relightable, remappable, remittable, renderable, renewable, reopenable, reorientable, repayable, replaceable, reprintable, reproveable, requestable, rescuable, resettable, reshapable, resolvable, respectable, restrainable, resumable, retargetable, retriable, reusable, revealable, revertable, revisable, revivable, rewatchable, rewindable, rideable, rightable, roadable, roastable, robbable, romanticizable, rottable, routable, ruinable, sacrificable, sailable, saleable, salifiable, sandable, scalable, scannable, schematizable, scoopable, scorable, scratchable, screwable, scriptable, sculptable, sculpturable, seasonable, sectionable, secularizable, seeable, seekable, segmentable, sellable, sendable, sensationalizable, sequenceable, sequesterable, settleable, shakable, shakeable, shameable, shapable, sheathable, shellable, shiftable, shootable, showable, shreddable, shunnable, shuttable, siftable, signable, silenceable, simulatable, sizeable, skinnable, slappable, slashable, sleepable, sliceable, smackable, smashable, smellable, smoothable, snackable, snappable, sniffable, soilable, solvable, sortable, sourceable, spankable, specifiable, spellable, spoilable, spoonable, sprayable, squeezable, squishable, stackable, stalkable, startable, steerable, sterilizable, stickable, straightenable, strainable, streamable, strengthenable, strokable, subcontractable, subduable, subpoenable, subvertable, sueable, sufferable, suffixable, suitable, summable, supersedable, supervisable, supplementable, supportable, surfable, surpassable, surprisable, sustainable, swayable, swellable, swimmable, symmetrizable, synchronisable, synchronizable, takeable, talkable, tannable, tappable, tarnishable, tastable, telephonable, televisable, tellable, telnetable, tenantable, tetherable, threadable, threshable, throwable, tiltable, tintable, togglable, tolerizeable, tossable, towable, traceable, trackable, tractorable, trademarkable, transcribable, transfectable, triggerable, trimmable, trustable, tunable, tuneable, turnable, tweakable, tyreable, unascertainable, unassuageable, unattackable, unattainable, unattestable, unattributable, unavailable, uncheatable, unclimbable, uncoverable, understandable, undisprovable, undoable, undressable, unflappable, unitarizable, unleashable, unmakeable, unplaceable, unpluggable, unprofitable, unreviewable, unscrewable, unshakable, unzippable, upgradable, upgradeable, upsettable, utilizable, vaccinable, vacuumable, validatable, valuable, vanquishable, varnishable, vatable, vectorizable, verifiable, vetoable, viewable, visitable, votable, wadable, waitable, warrantable, washable, watchable, waterable, waxable, weaponizable, wearable, winnable, wipeable, withdrawable, workable, wreckable, writable, xeroxable, yesable, yiffable, zappable, zeroable, zippable, zoomable

相关词汇

• ability, able

法语

词源

< 古法语 < 拉丁语 -ābilis。

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /abl/

后缀

 -able  （复数 -ables）

1. 同英语。

古法语

词源

< 拉丁语 -ābilis。

后缀

 -able  （复数 -ables）

1. 值得被…的，应被…的，可被…的。

   honnorable　值得被尊敬的

2. 类似英语 -ing，产生某种形象或印象。

   forsenable　令人发狂的

派生语汇

• 英语：-able
• 法语：-able

西班牙语

词源

< 拉丁语 -ābilis。

后缀

 -able  （复数 -ables）

1. 同英语。