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- Melanoma is a rare but aggressive malignant cancer that originates from melanocytes. These melanocytes are cells found in the basal layer of the epidermis that produce melanin under the control of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Despite the fact that melanoma represents only a small number of all skin cancers, it is the cause of more than 50% of cancer-related deaths. The high metastatic qualities and death rate, and also its prevalence among people of younger ages have caused melanoma to become a highly researched malignant cancer. Epigenetic modifications are suspected to influence the emergence of many types of cancer-related diseases, and are also suspected to have a role in the development of melanoma. In the last few years, chemical alterations in the genome have become more evident, and these alterations can be critical in the development of malignancy. This alteration process is referred to as epigenetics (Patino et al. 2008). Epigenetics is the term used to refer to stable changes in DNA that affect gene expression but do not involve changes in the underlying nucleotide sequence of the organism (Patino et al. 2008). The mechanisms by which epigenetics occur involve hypo- and hypermethylation of DNA, histone modifications by acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, and posttranslational modifications which include RNA silencing. These modifications can cause different expression patterns to occur, which can result in alterations to cells. Some of these alterations could result in the formation of cancerous cells or various other dangerous changes in cell function, among many other outcomes when paired together. Cancerous cells are not formed from just one change. (en)
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- Melanoma is a rare but aggressive malignant cancer that originates from melanocytes. These melanocytes are cells found in the basal layer of the epidermis that produce melanin under the control of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Despite the fact that melanoma represents only a small number of all skin cancers, it is the cause of more than 50% of cancer-related deaths. The high metastatic qualities and death rate, and also its prevalence among people of younger ages have caused melanoma to become a highly researched malignant cancer. Epigenetic modifications are suspected to influence the emergence of many types of cancer-related diseases, and are also suspected to have a role in the development of melanoma. (en)
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- Epigenetics and melanoma (en)
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